Armenia election: Pashinyan claims victory with near-majority as opposition alleges power usurpation

Armenia held elections for the National Assembly on June 7. Following the opening of all ballot boxes, data released showed that the ruling Civil Contract Party, led by Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, secured 49.81% of the vote.

Pashinyan declared victory for his party before the votes were fully counted, a move that former President Robert Kocharyan characterized as an attempt to usurp power.

Armenia is governed under a parliamentary republic system, in which the head of government is determined by the parliamentary majority and the prime minister forms the cabinet.

Elections for the unicameral National Assembly are held every five years under a proportional representation system. Political parties must secure at least 4% of the vote to enter parliament. This threshold is set at 8% for alliances consisting of two parties, and 10% for coalitions comprising more than two parties.

Under the Electoral Code of Armenia, a single political force must hold at least 52% of the parliamentary seats to form a government independently.

The elections took place during a period of shifts in the country’s foreign policy trajectory. While Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan aims for Armenia’s accession to the European Union (EU), a law titled “On the Launch of the Process of Accession of the Republic of Armenia to the European Union” was adopted in the country one year ago.

A total of 18 political forces competed in the elections. Among these forces, alongside the ruling Civil Contract Party, was the Armenia Alliance led by Robert Kocharyan.

The Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Dashnaktsutyun) and the Reborn Armenia parties are included within this alliance. Two other forces contending for seats in parliament were the Strong Armenia Alliance, which brings together the party of the same name alongside the New Times and United Armenians parties, and the Prosperous Armenia Party, led by businessman and billionaire Gagik Tsarukyan. The Strong Armenia Party is led by Armenian-Russian businessman Samvel Karapetyan, who is the president of the Russia-based Tashir Group of Companies.

According to a report by News.am, which cited preliminary data from the Central Electoral Commission of Armenia, the Civil Contract Party ranked first with 49.81% of the vote, receiving 727,160 votes after all ballots were processed.

The Strong Armenia Alliance finished in second place with 340,062 votes (23.29%), the Armenia Alliance came third with 145,097 votes (9.94%), and the Prosperous Armenia Party completed the election in fourth place with 58,368 votes (4%).

Incumbent Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan declared victory for his party when less than 20% of the votes had been counted. Pashinyan stated that the Civil Contract Party would form the government alone.

Asserting that his party received the votes of more Armenian citizens this time compared to the 2021 elections, Pashinyan stated during a press conference that opposition leaders Karapetyan, Kocharyan, and Tsarukyan should be held criminally responsible.

According to a report by Armenpress, Pashinyan characterized these figures as “representatives of the criminal-oligarchic system” and a “three-headed spy party of war” that must be eradicated.

Pashinyan also added that Armenia intends to maintain its course toward EU accession, but will nevertheless preserve its participation and membership in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and continue to develop relations with Russia.

Former President Robert Kocharyan evaluated Pashinyan’s declaration of victory before the election results were finalized as an attempt to pressure the Central Electoral Commission and usurp power.

In his statement on the matter, Kocharyan said: “Rather than instructing and threatening the judicial system and state institutions before the final results are announced, the current regime must bear legal responsibility for all election violations recorded during this period, the crude use of administrative resources, and the pressure exerted on the will of the citizens.”

Samvel Karapetyan, the leader of the Strong Armenia Alliance, also stated that the current authorities would not achieve the victory they desire.

Pointing out that Pashinyan declared victory when only 30% of the votes had been counted, Karapetyan stated that these figures represented data from rural areas and that the vote share of the Civil Contract Party would begin to decline as the counting in urban areas progressed.

Karapetyan further noted that the government conducted “special operations” targeting the Strong Armenia Alliance, stating that 75 members of the alliance were detained on election day alone.