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Business leaders warn EU regulation is undermining investment and competitiveness

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A steel industry giant and the head of a Gulf sovereign wealth fund have warned that excessive European Union regulation is constraining business activity and undermining investment.

Lakshmi Mittal, chairman of steelmaker ArcelorMittal, which was acquired by India-based Mittal Steel in 2006, wrote in the Financial Times that emissions trading rules were harming energy-intensive industries.

Mittal argued that low-cost, low-emission energy sources remain out of reach for the steel sector and other energy-intensive industries.

“Competitive electricity prices, low-cost green hydrogen, carbon contracts for difference, ‘green premiums’ for steel and decarbonisation enablers such as carbon capture and storage have yet to materialise,” Mittal said, adding that no company has the luxury of investing without a credible pathway to competitiveness.

Yasir al-Rumayyan, governor of Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund, said the regulatory environment was discouraging international investors from allocating more capital to the bloc.

Speaking at a summit in Rome on Thursday, al-Rumayyan said regulatory challenges and certain laws expected to enter into force had seriously affected investors such as the Public Investment Fund, Saudi Aramco and chemicals group SABIC, not only in terms of making additional investments but also in maintaining their existing investments in Europe.

A new EU regulation gives Brussels the authority to block companies subsidised by foreign governments from participating in public procurement contracts, mergers and acquisitions, and even from selling goods and services within the single market.

Using that instrument, the European Commission launched an in-depth investigation into the acquisition of German chemicals group Covestro by Abu Dhabi’s state oil company. The transaction was ultimately approved.

Al-Rumayyan said he remained hopeful that European governments could find solutions to the challenges that were discouraging investors.

However, EU officials quoted by the Financial Times privately dismissed the complaints as lobbying efforts and argued there was no clear evidence that investment from the Middle East was slowing.

“If investors from the region are behaving more cautiously, it is probably related to the [Iran] war rather than our regulations,” one EU official said.

According to analysis by EY, foreign direct investment into the EU fell 7% in 2025, while a growing number of companies identified excessive regulation as a risk to doing business.

Rather than dismantling regulations, Brussels appears to be adding new layers. In March, it tightened its screening of foreign direct investment.

Europe

EIB to unveil 15 billion euro tech initiative to scale European startups

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The European Investment Bank (EIB) will announce a €15 billion initiative today, in collaboration with EU capitals and private investors, aimed at supporting the growth of European technology companies.

For decades, startups on the continent have struggled to raise the large-scale funding rounds necessary to scale on this side of the Atlantic, frequently turning to US investors or relocating abroad as they expand.

“We are catching up. Now we need to accelerate,” EIB President Nadia Calviño said.

Under the existing European Tech Champions Initiative, the EIB had already pooled resources with six EU governments to establish funds that invest in high-growth companies across the EU.

Calviño described the initiative as “very successful,” noting that it has supported 12 European “unicorn” companies valued at over $1 billion, including the German artificial intelligence translation firm DeepL.

The bank is now expanding the program with a new phase nearly four times the size of the original.

Twenty-five EU governments, alongside private investors such as Santander and Danske Bank, are expected to participate in the program.

This initial €15 billion aims to mobilize up to €80 billion in total investment. Calviño stated that this estimate is based on the multiplier effects achieved under previous programs.

As part of these efforts, the EIB also aims to attract European pension funds, which manage immense pools of capital but have historically allocated fewer resources to technology investments compared to their US counterparts.

In addition to the new funding, Calviño noted that the EIB will create a platform providing a single point of access for existing European scale-up initiatives, including the European Commission’s Scaleup Europe Fund, France’s Tibi initiative, and Germany’s Win initiative.

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Germany to purchase US Tomahawk missiles to build own long-range strike capability

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Germany will purchase Tomahawk cruise missiles from the United States and deploy them on German territory, Chancellor Friedrich Merz announced on Thursday.

The move marks a shift away from planned US deployments and toward Germany establishing its own long-range strike capability.

Merz told lawmakers that he finalized the agreement with the US government during the NATO summit in Ankara, adding that the talks held on Tuesday and Wednesday had exceeded his expectations.

“While we close a critical strategic gap in our defense, we are also working to develop our own European systems and deploy them in Europe,” the Chancellor said.

According to German government sources, Washington committed in a letter of intent signed on Tuesday to approve Germany’s acquisition of Tomahawk missiles and their land-based Typhon launchers in August.

The number of missiles and launchers Germany plans to purchase was not disclosed because the information is classified.

The planned acquisition appears aligned with US President Donald Trump’s pressure on European allies to cover their own security costs, such as by purchasing US weapons.

The fate of the Tomahawk procurement had become uncertain after Trump announced in May that he would reduce the US military presence in Germany.

That development was seen as a cancellation of a plan made under the previous administration to deploy a US battalion equipped with long-range Tomahawk missiles to Germany.

That original plan was designed as a temporary solution to serve as a strong deterrent against Russia while Europeans developed their own versions of such weapons.

Germany produces its own cruise missile, the Taurus, but its range of approximately 311 miles is three to five times shorter than that of the Tomahawk missiles.

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Apple loses EU court appeal over Digital Markets Act gatekeeper designation

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The General Court of the European Union has rejected Apple’s challenges against its “gatekeeper” status designated under the Digital Markets Act (DMA).

With this ruling, the company’s designated status for the App Store and iOS remains valid, while its applications regarding iMessage were also rejected.

Apple had argued that the five separate App Stores it operates for the iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, Mac, and Apple TV should be evaluated as distinct, individual services.

The court rejected this argument, ruling that these stores serve a common purpose of connecting developers and users, regardless of the specific device.

The court also dismissed Apple’s defense that the DMA’s interoperability obligations violate its fundamental rights.

However, it did not conduct a substantive assessment on the legality of this obligation, stating that a direct legal link could not be established between the regulation in question and the determination of “gatekeeper” status.

Following the ruling, Apple argued that the obligations under the DMA “exceed the boundaries of legality and proportionality.” The company asserted that the new rules jeopardize the work it has carried out for years to ensure user privacy and security.

Apple retains the right to appeal the decision, though a company spokesperson did not comment on whether there are plans to do so.

Apple previously declared that DMA rules prevented the launch of the updated version of Siri in Europe, resulting in European users being unable to benefit from the service.

In force in the European Union since 2024, the DMA covers a total of 22 services and products belonging to Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, ByteDance, Meta Platforms, and Microsoft.

The regulation obliges these companies to share certain data with competitors, provide access to user-generated data, and offer verification tools to advertising partners.

Additionally, it prohibits platforms from engaging in anti-competitive practices that favor their own products. Companies failing to comply with the rules face fines of up to 10% of their global turnover, which can rise to 20% in cases of repeated violations.

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