{"id":14270,"date":"2026-03-31T15:00:33","date_gmt":"2026-03-31T12:00:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/harici.com.tr\/en\/?p=14270"},"modified":"2026-03-31T15:00:33","modified_gmt":"2026-03-31T12:00:33","slug":"the-return-of-the-political-to-world-politics-along-schmittian-lines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harici.com.tr\/en\/the-return-of-the-political-to-world-politics-along-schmittian-lines\/","title":{"rendered":"The return of ‘the political’ to world politics along Schmittian lines"},"content":{"rendered":"

Translator\u2019s Note:<\/strong> Daniel Hoffmann\u2014the financier renowned for deciphering clandestine sovereign bond purchases within the Eurosystem, thereby unsettling the European Central Bank, and widely recognized for his mastery over the opaque corridors of global finance\u2014interprets contemporary geopolitical fractures through the lens of Carl Schmitt\u2019s \u201cfriend-enemy\u201d dichotomy. Hoffmann posits that neoliberal globalization has reached its terminus. He asserts that the Trump administration, via the \u201cMar-a-Lago Accord\u201d (The Miran Plan), has explicitly militarized foreign trade to avert the collapse of the U.S. dollar and arrest the ascent of China. In this process, the Israel-Iran tension is framed as a strategic \u201ctrigger\u201d designed to restructure the global financial system. According to the author, the U.S. effort to escape its staggering $10 trillion debt spiral by branding China an \u201cexistential foe\u201d and coercing its allies in Europe and Asia under a security umbrella is driving the world toward a new and potentially explosive \u201cstate of exception.\u201d Ultimately, Hoffmann emphasizes that symbolic maneuvers, such as the augmentation of defense budgets and the renaming of departments to the \u201cMinistry of War,\u201d constitute the rhetorical infrastructure of a hegemonic \u201cwar for survival.\u201d This article, published in the March issue of Politik Spezial<\/em>,\u00a0has been translated from the original German at the author\u2019s request<\/strong>; it is recommended to be read alongside the translator\u2019s annotations.<\/p>\n

\n

The Return of \u201cThe Political\u201d to World Politics along Schmittian Lines<\/h3>\n

The Iran War as a \u201cTrigger\u201d for the Execution of the Mar-a-Lago Accord<\/em><\/p>\n

Daniel Hoffmann<\/p>\n

Politik Spezial<\/p>\n

March 2026<\/p>\n

From Economic Competition to Economic Warfare<\/strong><\/p>\n

As early as the second Obama administration, there was a strategic shift toward the \u201cPivot to Asia\u201d to counteract China\u2019s rise. The \u201cheated competition\u201d between the U.S. and China that erupted then is now, under the second Trump administration, transforming into an overt political issue\u2014specifically, a \u201cpolitical\u201d matter in the precise sense intended by Carl Schmitt.[1] We are currently experiencing a profound \u201cpoliticization.\u201d With the Biden administration\u2019s de facto declaration of Russia as an enemy, and the second Trump administration\u2019s subsequent designation of China as such, we are witnessing the politicization and militarization of \u201cworld trade,\u201d and consequently, the finality of \u201cneoliberal globalism\u201d in both ideological and practical terms.<\/p>\n

In this context, the Iran-Israel war appears poised to serve as a trigger for the implementation of the Miran-Trump Plan, also known as the Mar-a-Lago Accord. The objective of this plan is twofold: to prevent the uncontrolled collapse of the U.S. dollar system and to forestall China\u2019s emergence as a dominant economic and military power.<\/p>\n

The \u201cConcept of the Political,\u201d the Identification of the Enemy, and the State of Exception in Carl Schmitt<\/strong><\/p>\n

According to Carl Schmitt\u2019s famous maxim:\u00a0\u201cSovereign is he who decides on the exception.\u201d<\/em>[2] A political entity (specifically the state) must possess the power to decide upon the \u201cstate of exception.\u201d This decision-making authority is the very essence of the power to designate the enemy and preserve the community.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe Political\u201d arises when a group (e.g., a state, nation, or community) defines itself through\u2014and in contrast to\u2014an \u201cenemy.\u201d The enemy here is not a personal adversary, but rather a \u201cpublic, existential foe\u201d that threatens one\u2019s own existence.[3] Enmity is not mere competition or debate; it is a conflict fraught with violence, possessing the potential to escalate into actual war. The friend-enemy grouping shapes political unity and establishes internal solidarity.<\/p>\n

According to Schmitt\u2019s 1932 work,\u00a0The Concept of the Political<\/em>, this \u201cfriend-enemy distinction\u201d constitutes the specific criterion that categorically separates the political from other domains such as morality, economics, or aesthetics.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe concepts of friend, enemy, and combat derive their real meaning precisely because they refer to and preserve a real possibility of physical killing. War follows from enmity, for enmity is the ontological negation of another existence.[4] War is only the most extreme manifestation of enmity.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

The \u201cTwelve-Day War\u201d and the Essential Casus Belli for Round Two<\/strong><\/p>\n

With the successive heavy strikes launched by Israel and the U.S. against Iran in June 2025 during the so-called \u201cTwelve-Day War,\u201d such an \u201contological negation of another existence\u201d evolved into an actual war that lay dormant until early 2026. But now\u2014as anticipated\u2014following Trump\u2019s Venezuelan coup, the war is entering its second round, primarily as a result of official pressure from Israel.<\/p>\n

The violent uprisings that erupted in Iran, incited by a U.S. hybrid financial warfare attack and networks of foreign agents, and their subsequent repressive suppression by Iranian security forces, provide the \u201cmorally justified casus belli\u201d essential for Western public opinion\u2014paralleling the precursors to wars in Iraq, Libya, and Syria.<\/p>\n

The \u201cMar-a-Lago Accord\u201d (Miran Plan) \u2013 The Bifurcation of the World into Friend and Foe<\/strong><\/p>\n

In November 2024, Prof. Stephen Miran presented an implementation guide for the restructuring of the global trade system, which has now assumed the status of a\u00a0Handlungsmaxime<\/em>\u00a0(maxim for action) for Trump\u2019s endeavor to \u201cMake America Great Again.\u201d By analyzing the U.S. twin deficits arising from the U.S. dollar\u2019s role as the international reserve currency and the associated \u201cTriffin Dilemma,\u201d Miran identifies that a subsequent collapse of the U.S. industrial base would imperil not only national prosperity but existential national security.*<\/p>\n

(Author\u2019s Note: The Triffin Dilemma describes the fundamental conflict of objectives faced by a country whose currency serves as a global reserve. To fulfill this role, the currency must be available in vast quantities worldwide. However, this inevitably leads to current account and balance of payments deficits, which ultimately erode confidence in the currency\u2019s sustainability.)<\/em><\/p>\n

The mission of the plan in this context is: To make America great (and magnificent) again, while \u201ckeeping China small.\u201d Accordingly, the following objectives have been declared:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • The aversion of sovereign default and the assurance of war\u2019s financial viability.<\/li>\n
  • The elimination of the U.S. twin deficits through the \u201cre-industrialization\u201d of the United States.<\/li>\n
  • The securing of military superiority over the rest of the world, particularly China, Russia, and Iran.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    To achieve these goals, the following methods and narratives are envisioned:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • The \u201cmilitarization\u201d of foreign trade through the distinction between friend and foe.<\/li>\n
    • The narrative that America is being exploited by the rest of the world. The prosperity of others is possible only because\u00a0Pax Americana<\/em>\u00a0permits it.<\/li>\n
    • Friends must pay a price for\u00a0Pax Americana<\/em>\u00a0in the future (the 5% \u201cNATO target\u201d); otherwise, they will lose their security umbrella.<\/li>\n
    • Enemies will be kept \u201coutside\u201d through tariffs, sanctions, etc.<\/li>\n
    • The aversion of U.S. sovereign default through \u201cburden-sharing.\u201d<\/li>\n
    • Debt restructuring via 100-year bonds that are interest-free but can be used as collateral with the Federal Reserve (Fed).<\/li>\n
    • The use of tariffs as a tool to balance \u201cexchange rate misalignments\u201d to compensate for trade imbalances.<\/li>\n
    • The imposition of 100% punitive tariffs on countries exiting dollarization.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Regarding the consequences and issues arising from the Miran Plan, the text translated into German states:<\/p>\n

      \u201cFirstly: A much sharper boundary will be drawn between friend, foe, and neutral trading partners. Friends are under the security and economic umbrella, but this involves a stronger burden-sharing. (\u2026) Those outside the security umbrella will also find themselves outside friendly agreements aimed at international trade and easy access to the U.S. consumer. Higher costs will be imposed upon them through tariffs and other measures. This will have obvious effects on asset prices. Secondly: The very threat of withdrawing the security umbrella without burden-sharing will have potentially explosive consequences. (\u2026)\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

      The new U.S. National Security Strategy (NSS) published in November 2025 already articulates these considerations quite clearly. The renaming of the U.S. Department of Defense to the U.S. Department of War completes the rest of the picture.<\/p>\n

      The $10 Trillion Debt Issue and the Initiation of the Next Phase of the Miran Plan \u2013 The Branding of China as an Enemy<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Since 2024, the U.S. government has allocated more than $1 trillion to interest payments\u2014a sum exceeding the budgets for security and the military. Furthermore, this occurs against a backdrop of sovereign debt exceeding 120% of GDP, far beyond the 90% sustainability threshold.<\/p>\n

      After Trump halted Elon Musk\u2019s DOGE savings program, increased the war budget by 50% to approximately $1.5 trillion, and initiated active measures against Russia and China\u2019s allies (including Venezuela and Iran), the U.S. will be forced to restructure more than $9 trillion of its approximately $30 trillion sovereign debt in 2026 and will seek an additional $1 trillion in borrowing.<\/p>\n

      Against this backdrop, the BRICS nations, led by Russia and China, are now accelerating their de-dollarization efforts. Consequently, it is clear that the time for the next phase of the Miran Plan has arrived\u2014indeed, it is overdue.<\/p>\n

      To officially brand China an enemy and to unsettle U.S. friends in Europe and Asia enough to submit to the Miran Plan\u2014specifically to the restructuring of U.S. sovereign debt\u2014only a pretext is now required. With Trump\u2019s so-called \u201cPeace Board,\u201d the core for a new \u201cCoalition of the Willing\u201d (Koalition der Willigen<\/em>) has already been formed.<\/p>\n

      Trump\u2019s provocation\u2014verging on the resurrection\u2014of an Iranian war (having already dispatched a third carrier strike group to the region) provides an ideal \u201ctrigger\u201d for China to be forced to take an overt stand against the U.S. and Israel, lest it lose its next \u201cindependent oil supplier\u201d and witness the \u201csabotage\u201d of its New Silk Road and currency plans.<\/p>\n

      China\u2014alongside Russia\u2014has supported \u201cU.S. enemy\u201d Iran for years, and since the Twelve-Day War, has been intensively fortifying it with high-tech defense weaponry, rocket fuel, intelligence data, etc.; it is highly probable that Iran would effectively deploy this equipment against the U.S. war machine in a limited conflict.<\/p>\n

      The ensuing international tensions are likely to produce the expected effect. The increasingly aggressive rhetoric between Japan (Takaichi) and China, as well as between Russia and Germany (Merz) or the remaining NATO countries, already casts the shadows of the approaching storm before us.[5]<\/p>\n

      (About the Author: Daniel Hoffmann is a financier specializing in accounting, public finance, and monetary theory. He serves as a political consultant in economics, finance, monetary policy, and geopolitics, and is also affiliated with the Institute for Collective Economic Policy (IKW). In his 2015 thesis as a guest researcher, he revealed that certain national central banks within the Eurosystem had been secretly purchasing sovereign bonds on a massive scale for their own accounts under the Agreement on Net Financial Assets (ANFA), which he personally exposed. This disclosure plunged then-ECB President Mario Draghi into a significant crisis of accountability, leading to the revelation of the previously classified agreement.)<\/em><\/p>\n

      \n

      [1]\u00a0\u201cThe Political\u201d (Das Politische):<\/strong>\u00a0In German, everyday pragmatic politics is denoted by the word\u00a0die Politik<\/em>; however, Schmitt uses the neuter substantive (das Politische<\/em>) to construct it as a \u201cdomain\u201d or an ontological ground. It is the reduction of the Ancient Greek concept of\u00a0Polis<\/em>\u00a0to an absolute field of existential distinction. Against the parliamentary \u201cchatter\u201d of the Weimar Republic, Schmitt grounds the essence of politics in the \u201cdecision\u201d (Decisionism). (Trans. Note<\/em>)<\/p>\n

      [2]\u00a0\u201cSovereign is he who decides on the exception.\u201d:<\/strong>\u00a0Original:\u00a0\u201eSouver\u00e4n ist, wer \u00fcber den Ausnahmezustand entscheidet.\u201c<\/em>\u00a0Ausnahme<\/em>\u00a0(exception) and\u00a0Zustand<\/em>\u00a0(state\/condition). The uncanny void where rules and law are suspended. This is the opening sentence of\u00a0Political Theology<\/em>\u00a0(1922). Schmitt states, \u201cThe exception is to jurisprudence what the miracle is to theology.\u201d This concept, also heavily treated in Giorgio Agamben\u2019s\u00a0Homo Sacer<\/em>, describes how the modern state establishes a monopoly on violence by suspending the law. (Trans. Note<\/em>)<\/p>\n

      [3]\u00a0\u201cPublic, existential foe\u201d:<\/strong>\u00a0Original:\u00a0\u201e\u00f6ffentlicher, existenzieller Gegner\u201c:<\/em>\u00a0Hoffmann draws a thick line here between private enmity and public enmity. In interpreting the biblical command (Matthew 5:44) \u201cLove your enemies,\u201d Schmitt argues that the Bible refers to the private enemy (Latin:\u00a0inimicus<\/em>, Greek:\u00a0echthros<\/em>) and not the public political enemy (Latin:\u00a0hostis<\/em>, Greek:\u00a0polemios<\/em>). One may not hate the political enemy, yet their existence must be negated. (Trans. Note<\/em>)<\/p>\n

      [4]\u00a0\u201cThe ontological negation of another existence\u201d:<\/strong>\u00a0Original:\u00a0\u201eseinsm\u00e4\u00dfige Negierung eines anderen Seins\u201c:<\/em>\u00a0The word\u00a0Sein<\/em>\u00a0(Being) is the jugular vein of German philosophy. It is an act of negating the presence of being, orbiting the Heideggerian concept of\u00a0Dasein<\/em>. Translating\u00a0seinsm\u00e4\u00dfig<\/em>\u00a0as \u201contological\u201d rather than merely \u201cexistential\u201d was essential to carry the heavy philosophical tone (Klang<\/em>) of post-German Idealism into English. The life of one side is predicated upon the ontological rejection of the other. (Trans. Note<\/em>)<\/p>\n

      [5]\u00a0Current Political Context and \u201cGerman-Russian\u201d Rhetoric:<\/strong>\u00a0Original:\u00a0Rhetorik zwischen (\u2026) Russland und Deutschland (Merz):<\/em>\u00a0The mention of \u201cMerz\u201d is not a random parenthetical. It signals that the conservative line occupying the Chancellorship in Germany has shed the relative caution of its predecessor to enter a \u201cSchmittian\u201d friend-enemy polarization within the U.S.-NATO axis, militarizing its rhetoric just as Hoffmann describes. (Trans. Note<\/em>)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Translator\u2019s Note: Daniel Hoffmann\u2014the financier renowned for deciphering clandestine sovereign bond purchases within the Eurosystem, thereby unsettling the European Central Bank, and widely recognized for his mastery over the opaque corridors of global finance\u2014interprets contemporary geopolitical fractures through the lens of Carl Schmitt\u2019s \u201cfriend-enemy\u201d dichotomy. Hoffmann posits that neoliberal globalization has reached its terminus. He […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14271,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[175],"tags":[12300,529,17608,319,891,288,464,1192,1406,826,17607],"class_list":["post-14270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diplomacy","tag-carl-schmitt","tag-china","tag-daniel-hoffmann","tag-donald-trump","tag-europe","tag-iran","tag-mar-a-lago","tag-united-states","tag-venezuela","tag-war","tag-warfare"],"yoast_head":"\nThe return of 'the political' to world politics along Schmittian lines - Harici<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Iran War as a \u201cTrigger\u201d for the Execution of the Mar-a-Lago Accord\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/harici.com.tr\/en\/the-return-of-the-political-to-world-politics-along-schmittian-lines\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The return of 'the political' to world politics along Schmittian lines - 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