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Trump’s first presidential orders: WHO, Cuba, TikTok, and more

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US President Donald Trump entered his first day in office with an unprecedented show of executive power.

From ending birthright citizenship to forcing federal employees to return to the office, granting TikTok a reprieve, and reinstating Cuba on the list of “state sponsors of terrorism,” the new president signed several executive orders.

Trump once again signed an order withdrawing the US from the Paris Climate Agreement and pardoned or commuted the sentences of more than 1,500 individuals involved in the 6 January 2021 Congressional raid, including those convicted of assault on law enforcement officers and seditious conspiracy.

He spent 45 minutes in the Oval Office answering reporters’ questions while signing an order overhauling the federal government’s treatment of immigrants and a series of orders withdrawing the country from the World Health Organization (WHO).

Reflecting on his return to the Oval Office, Trump said, “What a great feeling. It is one of the best feelings I have ever experienced.”

Combating immigration and border security take center stage

Trump signed several executive orders on immigration, a cornerstone of his agenda. He moved to end birthright citizenship, a policy that would exclude children of undocumented immigrants from citizenship under the 14th Amendment.

Immigration groups and civil rights organizations concluded their legal challenge on Monday night, setting the stage for one of Trump’s first major judicial battles.

Trump also expanded immigration enforcement, declared a national emergency on the southern border, ended “catch and release” policies that allow immigrants to be paroled while awaiting court hearings, resumed construction of the border wall, and revived the “Remain in Mexico” policy, which requires asylum seekers to wait in Mexico for their cases to be processed.

Additionally, the president issued an order to “clarify the role of the military in protecting the territorial integrity of the United States.”

Trump directed relevant agencies to recommend suspending entry from countries deemed unsafe and halted refugee resettlement for at least four months. He further restricted asylum rights, designated several drug cartels as foreign terrorist organizations, and instructed the attorney general to seek the death penalty for murders of law enforcement officers and capital crimes committed by undocumented immigrants.

The war against DEI and transgender programs

Another executive order targeted Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) programs in hiring practices and community initiatives across the government.

Trump also signed a broad order rolling back programs recognizing transgender and non-binary individuals. The administration sought to lift restrictions on “conversion therapy,” a controversial practice aimed at persuading young transgender people to reject their identity.

‘Maximum pressure’ on Latin America and Cuba begins

The Trump administration quickly reinstated Cuba on the US government’s list of “state sponsors of terrorism,” reversing President Joe Biden’s decision to delay the move at the end of his term.

Trump had promised to cancel the Biden administration’s olive branch to Cuba, which was part of an agreement to release political prisoners on the island. This move signals a continuation of his first-term hostility toward Cuba.

New Secretary of State Marco Rubio confirmed during his hearing that the administration planned to reverse Cuba’s removal from the terrorism list and reinstate other restrictions.

The White House also renewed the list of “restricted entities” created during Trump’s first term. These Cuban entities, many affiliated with the government, are barred from certain financial transactions under US law.

Cuban President Miguel Díaz-Canel responded on Facebook, calling the moves “arrogance and disregard for reality.” Cuban Foreign Minister Bruno Rodríguez Parrilla added, “It will hurt, but it will not suppress the firm determination of our people.”

Notably, the Trump administration did not reverse Biden’s decision to suspend Title III of the Helms-Burton Act, which allows Cuban exiles to sue Havana for confiscated property but has been used primarily by multinational corporations.

When asked about relations with Latin America and Brazil, Trump replied, “They should be great.” He added, “They need us much more than we need them. We don’t need them. They need us. Everyone needs us.”

Symbolic ‘American nationalism’ orders

Many of Trump’s actions appeared aimed at appealing to his base, including two announced on social media by his press secretary: renaming the Gulf of Mexico the “Gulf of America” and restoring the name Mount McKinley to Alaska’s highest peak, which former President Barack Obama had renamed Denali in 2015 to honor Alaska’s indigenous groups.

It remains unclear which of Trump’s sweeping executive orders will have immediate impact, which are purely symbolic, and whether they will limit the influence of Congress or the courts.

As of 9:00 PM US time, Trump had signed dozens of executive orders. However, some fell short of the “thunderous days” promised by his allies ahead of Inauguration Day.

So far, ‘the mountain gave birth to a mouse’ on tariffs

Despite recent promises to impose tariffs of up to 100% on imports, Trump issued an order that did not impose new tariffs but directed federal agencies to investigate trade deficits and unfair trade practices.

The order includes China, Canada, and Mexico but does not impose blanket tariffs or target specific trading partners, as many had feared. This contradicts Trump’s November promise to impose 25% tariffs on Mexico and Canada to curb illegal immigration and fentanyl trafficking.

The decision may disappoint supporters of Trump’s “hawkish” tariff policy, which included a 10-20% tariff on all imports, a 60% or higher tariff on Chinese goods, and replacing income tax with tariffs.

Earlier on Monday, Trump pledged in the Capitol Rotunda to “defeat record inflation and rapidly reduce costs and prices” but did not elaborate on how, beyond rolling back environmental regulations and increasing fossil fuel extraction.

Trump also promised to “take back” the Panama Canal, which the Panamanian government says is impossible under international law.

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Musk appointed co-director of Pentagon future warfare initiative

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The world’s richest man, Elon Musk, has assumed the co-directorship of a Pentagon initiative focused on the future of warfare, known as “Project Meridian”.

Musk’s new role was announced by US Secretary of Defence Pete Hegseth.

Musk, who has long expressed his conviction that wars will ultimately be fought with autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles, will advise the project as co-director alongside Palmer Luckey, founder of defence start-up Anduril, and former Speaker of the House of Representatives Newt Gingrich.

In a memorandum issued at the Pentagon, Hegseth stated that the group would “examine the battlefields of the future” and “determine which weapons and technologies warfighters must employ to achieve dominance in these environments.”

During his “State of the Force” address at Marine Corps Base Quantico, Hegseth said:

“The best predictors of future conflict do not reside exclusively within the Pentagon. Obvious biases and risks arise when we task ourselves with both framing the questions and answering them.”

Hegseth stated that this initiative would commence immediately and that, following his address, he would convene with Musk, Luckey, and Gingrich at a secure location.

Project Meridian will have 120 days to “ruthlessly map the trajectory of wars, domains, and technologies”, a process that will culminate in the public disclosure of its findings alongside a classified annex.

Hegseth outlined an expansive mandate extending “from beneath the surface of the Earth to beyond the Moon.”

Rather than formulating new military strategies or policies, the panel will seek to identify “the domains we must seize and the capabilities we must master”, focusing on the effort to “discover, develop, and field” the weapons and systems that next-generation American troops may require.

The group is expected to submit a report containing recommendations to him by the end of January.

In 2024, Musk remarked: “Future wars will be entirely about drones and hypersonic missiles.” This was merely one of several similar statements he has made in recent years.

For Musk, whose oversight role at the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) ended in turmoil and escalated into a dispute with President Donald Trump over Trump’s spending bill, this appointment marks his formal return to government in an official capacity.

Musk and Trump ultimately reconciled, and Musk attended a meeting on artificial intelligence safety at the White House this week alongside other technology leaders.

Meridian forms part of a broader push announced by Hegseth to restructure the military around autonomous warfare and rapidly advancing technologies.

Hegseth announced the establishment of the Autonomous Warfare Command (AUTOWARCOM), a new four-star combatant command endowed with what he termed “service-like authorities” to scale autonomous and robotic capabilities across the joint force.

The Department of War will also begin phasing in new occupational frameworks across all military branches to establish specialised career tracks for what Hegseth described as “the next generation of autonomous warfighters.”

“We should have conceived an Autonomous Warfare Command a decade ago,” Hegseth said, explaining that Meridian aims to gaze far enough ahead to enable the military to anticipate the next technological shift rather than lag behind.

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Pentagon breach exposes personal records of three million people

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A cyberattack targeting the US Department of War’s personnel database has resulted in the leak of personal information belonging to approximately 3 million people.

Speaking to ABC News, a Pentagon official stated that the system accessed by unauthorised individuals contained the records of 2,760,000 living persons and 294,000 deceased individuals.

The Military Times portal, which first broke the news, had reported the number of affected individuals as approximately 4 million based on two sources. The Pentagon official subsequently conveyed different figures to ABC News.

The leak encompasses Social Security numbers and duty information belonging to military personnel and civilian employees. According to an official notification examined by Military Times, the compromised records may also include names, dates of birth, contact information, sex, race, and military occupational specialties.

The unauthorised access to the information system of the Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC) lasted for approximately nine months, between October 2025 and 16 July 2026.

ABC News reported that the access in question was obtained by a small number of third-party users. The vulnerability was closed after it was identified.

The DMDC is considered one of the Pentagon’s primary personnel records centres. More than 60 million records belonging to active-duty personnel, reservists, civilian staff, contractors, retirees, veterans, and military family members are stored at the centre.

The Pentagon has not detected any evidence that the leaked data has been misused. Military Times reported that affected individuals were offered identity restoration and credit history monitoring services.

A similar data breach previously occurred on the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s (FBI) recruitment website, FBIJobs.gov. According to information obtained by ABC News from internal communications and sources, the FBI is considering the possibility that data belonging to its entire staff may have been stolen.

The New York Times (NYT) examined a portion of the stolen FBI records. Home addresses, telephone numbers, official email addresses, Social Security numbers, dates of birth, hiring dates, and emergency contact details for relatives were identified within these documents.

The database also contained unit designations, duty roles, and information regarding the supervisors of personnel. Some records revealed assignments within counterintelligence and counternarcotics units, as well as departments examining threats originating from Russia, China, and Iran.

Ciaran Martin, the former head of the UK National Cyber Security Centre, noted that this type of breach could directly affect the FBI’s operational capabilities.

The hacker group known as ShinyHunters had announced that it had seized medical data and security clearance records alongside files belonging to tens of thousands of active and former FBI employees.

Experts evaluating the matter for the NYT warned that this information could be used to track agents, threaten their families, or compile dossiers by foreign intelligence services.

The ShinyHunters group initially threatened to release the data unless the bureau withdrew an advisory it had published concerning the group’s attack methods.

The group later asserted that it had never intended to leak the information and characterised its action as an advertising campaign.

In a report published in May, Reuters noted that the personal data of US military personnel had been used in surveillance and attack preparations.

According to the agency, Washington’s adversaries gained the ability to pinpoint areas where troops were concentrated by exploiting commercially available location data. US lawmakers at the time criticised the Pentagon for failing to adequately protect the personal data of military personnel.

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Canada diversifies oil and gas exports away from US

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US President Donald Trump’s trade policy and the Washington administration’s push to increase Venezuelan oil imports are prompting Canada to diversify its energy exports.

According to a report by The Wall Street Journal, recent developments are accelerating Canada’s development of new oil and natural gas projects.

Steps taken by the Ottawa administration, which aspires to become an energy superpower, are seen as potentially strengthening the country’s position in global markets.

In Canada, the world’s fourth-largest oil producer and fifth-largest natural gas producer, the energy sector accounts for approximately one-fifth of total exports.

Almost all of the country’s natural gas exports and approximately 90% of its oil exports go to the US.

The newspaper writes that the trade war with Washington and the atmosphere of confrontation entered into with Iran have heightened Canada’s desire to turn to alternative markets outside the US.

Officials plan to increase shipments of oil and liquefied natural gas (LNG) to European and Asian markets.

Accelerating infrastructure investments in line with this target, Canada is also shortening approval processes. The government is prioritising the construction of an oil pipeline extending specifically to the west coast.

According to the newspaper’s estimate, if major pipeline projects are implemented, Canada’s daily oil transport capacity could rise to 6.8 million barrels by 2034.

Routes heading to the west coast will make up approximately 30% of this capacity.

The Canadian administration is simultaneously advancing LNG export projects. According to the report, these investments could allow approximately 55% of Canadian natural gas exports to be directed to markets outside the US by the early or mid-2030s.

While the government expands tax incentives for the oil and natural gas sector, the province of Alberta also plans to overhaul its royalty system.

However, the newspaper notes that implementing the new projects requires heavy investment, and the process depends on the final decisions taken by producers as well as the completion of regulatory approval processes.

The expansion of pipeline and LNG infrastructure could gradually reduce Canada’s dependence on the US market while raising its share in the global energy market.

The Canadian Prime Minister’s demand to reduce reliance on the US market had also come to the fore in July.

According to Carney’s statement, the province of Alberta submitted a plan for a pipeline spanning more than 1,000 kilometres to the west coast of British Columbia.

Targeted for completion by September 2027, the line will reach the Pacific coast by following an existing corridor through the mountainous terrain.

This shift in energy comes at a time of strained relations with the US. Donald Trump said that if Canada obtains associate member status in the European Union, he could halt trade with Europe in certain sectors and impose high tariffs.

As reported by the Associated Press, Trump characterised such a rapprochement as a “potentially hostile act”.

European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen had proposed opening the path for Canada to become the EU’s first associate member. The terms of this associate membership status, which is not defined in EU treaties, are not yet clear and require the approval of member states to enter into force.

Canada, which does not seek full membership, aims for maximum rapprochement with the EU.

Following Trump’s return to the White House, relations between Washington and Ottawa deteriorated. The Trump administration, which repeatedly called on Canada to become the “51st state” of the US, introduced additional tariffs.

In July, the US began imposing 50% tariffs on certain Canadian-origin goods.

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