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Afghanistan: Ban on women education brutal and injustice

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Taliban banned university education for women across Afghanistan, provoking condemnation from all segments of Afghan societies as well as foreign countries, and the United Nations over another assault on human rights.

Despite promising a softer rule when the Taliban seized power on 15 August 2021, they have ratcheted up restrictions on all aspects of women’s lives, ignoring international outrage as well as Afghan women howl for fundamental rights to education and work.

“You all are informed to immediately implement the mentioned order of suspending education of females until further notice,” the Ministry of Higher Education said in a letter issued to all government and private universities.

The Taliban has not given a reason for the ban, but confirmed that this letter suspending university level education for women until further notice is authentic.

Tuesday’s decision by the Afghanistan’s Taliban rulers come as part of their continued crush on women’s right to education and freedom as most teenage girls across the country have already been banned from secondary school education since last year.

Taliban security forces on Wednesday morning immediately approached universities across Kabul, and provinces to implement the degree and enforced a ban on higher education for women by blocking their access inside the universities. Taliban forces heavily guarded four universities in Kabul, and stopped some women from entering inside the buildings. Some female students wept and consoled each other outside one of the Kabul campuses.

A Spokesman for Kabul University, Rahimullah Nadeem, confirmed that classes for women had stopped, and some women were allowed to enter the campus for some administrative work only.

Taliban not keeping promises on women’s rights

Despite initially promising a more moderate approach, respecting rights for women and girls’ and to let them study and work, Taliban reacted exactly on the opposite side, said a former female lawmaker in the previous Afghan parliament.

“During the negotiations, the Taliban members promised to us and to the world that women can become government officials, able to work in private and social sectors, go to universities and schools, but now that situation is different,” Fawzai Koofi, who was also a member of Afghan peace team, told Harici.

Fawzai Koofi, a former female lawmaker in the Afghan parliament.

Koofi furthered that in contrast to what they have promised, “Taliban now become more oppressive and tougher everyday on their policies towards women and the last nail on the coffin of women’s right was banning girls from education and universities.”

The Taliban don’t see any obligation or any accountability towards human rights at all, and the world, which has been engaged with the Taliban, and giving them money, is also not serious in this issue, according to her.

Human rights and women’s rights are not the priority for the world either because they are giving money to the Taliban and allowing them to travel. The world has only a security-centric approach in engagement with the Taliban, she added.

“The time is ripe for putting a real pressure on Taliban, including meaningful and condition based sanctions, travel ban, and also its time for the people of Afghanistan to stand. I am surprised that the parents really didn’t react and they are silent,” Koofi added.

World urges Taliban to reverse university ban decision

The United Nations and several countries, including the US, EU, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Pakistan have condemned the order, which takes Afghanistan back to the Taliban’s first period of rule when girls could not receive formal education.

“A new law further violates the right to equal education and deepens the erasure of women from Afghan society,” the UN’s Special Rapporteur to Afghanistan said.

Strongly condemning the Taliban’s decision to suspend higher education for Afghan women, Tomas Niklasson, Special Envoy of the European Union for Afghanistan said that “gender persecution is a crime against humanity.”

US Secretary of State Antony Blinken late Tuesday said that no other country in the world bars women and girls from receiving an education. “The Taliban cannot expect to be a legitimate member of the international community until they respect the rights of all in Afghanistan,” he warned. This decision will come with consequences for the Taliban.

Meanwhile, US Chargé d’Affaires to Afghanistan, Karen Decker called on the Afghan men to stand up with Afghan women, emphasizing that “now is the time. What are you waiting for?”

“They are failing their children and grandchildren, but I promise you this: America will not give up its advocacy for Afghan women and girls and will continue to look for ways to offer Afghan girls (and boys) the future Afghan men seem determined to erase,” Decker said.

Decker used “incomprehensible, indefensible and anti-Islamic” words to describe the Minister of Higher Education’s decree suspending education for Afghan girls.

Islamic countries said education is a fundamental human right

Turkey, Qatar, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia, the four Muslim countries, have expressed their disappointment at the university ban and called on the Taliban to reconsider their decision.

Saudi Arabia’s Foreign Ministry said that the Taliban’s ban on university education for women is contradictory to “giving Afghan women their full legal rights, foremost of which is the right to education, which contributes to supporting security, stability, development and prosperity for Afghanistan and its brotherly people.”

The Qatari Foreign Ministry said that Doha expresses deep concern and disappointment with the Afghan caretaker government’s decision to suspend girls’ and women’s studies in Afghan universities.

“As a Muslim country in which women enjoy all their rights, especially education, the State of Qatar calls on the Afghan caretaker government to review its decision in line with the teachings of the Islamic religion concerning women’s rights.”

Turkey also voiced concern about the Taliban’s decision to ban women from attending universities, emphasizing that education is a fundamental human right that all should benefit from it without discrimination. Turkey called on the Taliban to review the decision and take necessary steps about it.

Pakistan Foreign Minister said that Islamabad was disappointed to learn about the suspension of university and higher education for female students in Afghanistan.

“Pakistan’s position on this issue has been clear and consistent. We strongly believe that every man and woman has the inherent right to education in accordance with the injunctions of Islam. We strongly urge the Afghan authorities to revisit this decision,” Pakistan FM said.

Afghan politicians, including former President Hamid Karzia, ex-appointed man for peace and reconciliation, Abdullah Abdullah and several other officials called on the Taliban to reopen universities for women.

Women persisting the ban

A number of women staged protests in the capital Kabul, in eastern Nangarhar and some other provinces against the Taliban’s decision to ban them from going to universities.

Protesters from the Afghanistan Women’s Unity and Solidarity group said they came out on the streets of Kabul to raise their voices against the closure of the girls’ universities.

“Don’t let our education be political. Don’t make education political,” the small demonstrations were chanting in Kabul before being dispersed by the Taliban members.

The women called the silence of the international community “shameful.”

“In Islam, education is a divine command for both men and women, who are the Taliban to take this right from us,” said a university student in Kabul.

Meanwhile, male students in Nangarhar University staged a protest alongside women against the Taliban’s decision on  girl’s education. The students also walked away from their exam in a show of solidarity with the female students and said they will not write any exam until their female classmates are not attending.

Following Nangarhar, male students in Kandahar also walked away from their exam in a show of solidarity with the female students.

Numerous lecturers from different universities in Afghanistan have also resigned from their jobs in protest of the Taliban ban on women and girl’s university education.

Afghan cricket players annoyed by university closures

Many players of the Afghan National Cricket Team on Wednesday took to social media to vent their anger over Taliban’s decision over suspending girls’ and women’s education in universities.

Former National Cricket team captain, Mohammad Nabi said that Afghanistan has a vital need for women’s education, and Afghanistan’s future can only be guaranteed by educated men and women.

Afghan cricket players, (R) Mohammad Nabi and (L) Rashid Khan.

Afghan National Cricket team star, Rashid Khan said that a “woman is a teacher and educator of generations,” and said that “education is obligatory to men and women.”

Another cricket player, Hazratullah Zazai called on the authorities to not deprive “this (women) oppressed group of humanity” from their right to education.”

Gulbuddin Naib, the National team’s all-rounder said that “learning knowledge is a duty for both men and women.”

“We highly support the call of our sisters and women for reopening schools and universities,” said national team’s star Rahmanullah Gurbaz.

In March, the Taliban drew criticism from many Afghan families and the foreign governments for making a U-turn on a previous commitment to open educational institutions to girls beyond grade six. Instead, on the first day of the new school year, the Taliban announced that high schools would remain closed for girls until further notice.

Besides exclusion for girls from secondary school and universities, the Taliban also banned women from parks and gyms.

 

Asia

Chinese navy chief and top nuclear scientist expelled from legislature

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The chief of staff for the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Navy, Vice Admiral Li Hanjun, and Liu Shipeng, the deputy chief engineer of the state-owned China National Nuclear Corporation, were removed from their positions in the country’s legislative body.

Li is the latest in a series of PLA generals and a handful of defense industry executives implicated in a widespread investigation within the military.

In a statement on Friday, the NPC Standing Committee announced, “The Navy Soldiers’ Congress has decided to remove Li Hanjun from his post as a representative to the 14th National People’s Congress.”

The Gansu People’s Congress also dismissed Liu Shipeng from his role as an NPC deputy.

Additionally, the Standing Committee revealed it had voted to remove Miao Hua, a former top general who previously oversaw the PLA’s ideological work, from the Central Military Commission (CMC), China’s highest military command body led by President Xi Jinping.

The removal of Li and Liu from their NPC memberships suggests they are facing serious disciplinary action.

China typically remains silent about purges within the military, and announcements from the NPC are one of the few indicators of such campaigns.

There is little public information available about Li and Liu, as both have worked in sensitive positions.

Before becoming the navy’s chief of staff, Li, 60, was the deputy director of the CMC’s Training and Administration Department. He was appointed to this role after serving for a year in the CMC’s Office for Reform and Organisational Structure.

In 2014, he was promoted to vice admiral upon his appointment as commander of the naval base in Fujian province, where Miao also spent a significant part of his career. At that time, he was the director of training at the China Naval Command College and was soon promoted to president of the school.

According to official media reports, nuclear scientist Liu was born into a family that “served China’s nuclear dream for three generations.”

As the deputy chief engineer at CNNC, which oversees all aspects of China’s civil and military nuclear programs, Liu also served as the Communist Party secretary and president of CNNC’s “404 base” in Gansu.

Covering an area of over 1,000 square kilometers, the base was established in 1958 and is the country’s first and largest nuclear research center. It played a crucial role in the development of China’s first atomic bomb in 1964 and its first hydrogen bomb three years later.

This secretive base is still considered a key hub for China’s nuclear deterrence and nuclear industry.

According to statements from provincial authorities, Liu was named “Gansu’s outstanding entrepreneur” in 2023.

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China, US reach agreement on export controls

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The Chinese Ministry of Commerce announced on Friday afternoon that Beijing and Washington have remained in close contact since the two-day trade talks in London earlier this month, confirming the details of a framework agreement.

“China will review and approve export applications for controlled items in accordance with its laws and regulations, and the US side will, in turn, lift a series of restrictive measures against China,” the ministry stated.

“We hope the US side will cooperate with China in line with the important consensus and conditions established during the conversation between the two presidents on June 5,” the statement continued.

On Thursday, US President Donald Trump said the US had “signed” a trade deal with China the previous day, without providing details.

“We signed the deal with China yesterday, right? We signed the deal with China,” Trump said at a White House event introducing a budget law. “With the China deal, we are starting to open up China,” he added.

He also mentioned that a “very big” deal, likely with India, would be signed soon.

Rare earth elements

Following the event, US Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick told reporters that the US and China had signed an agreement codifying the terms decided upon in previous trade negotiations.

“They will deliver rare earth elements to us,” Lutnick said in a televised interview with Bloomberg, adding that if this commitment is fulfilled, Washington will lift its “countermeasures.”

Rare earth elements, essential for producing high-tech products, including those for the defense industry, were a major point of contention in the trade talks. China holds a near-monopoly on the supply of these minerals due to its massive share of global refining capacity.

Responding to a question on Thursday about rare earth exports, ministry spokesman He Yadong said China had approved a “certain number” of applications and would “continue to strengthen” the review and approval process for eligible applications.

He added that Beijing is willing to “strengthen communication and dialogue” with other countries on export controls and actively promote appropriate trade.

Lutnick also stated that the US plans to reach agreements with 10 major trading partners in the coming weeks. The deadline for countries to negotiate trade terms before higher tariffs are reinstated was July 9, following a 90-day suspension of import tariff hikes announced on April 2.

The two negotiating teams concluded the London talks by announcing they had agreed “in principle” on a “framework” that both sides would take home for their respective leaders to review, as they sought to get their uneasy truce, signed last month in Geneva, back on track.

The negotiations began after a highly anticipated phone call between Xi Jinping and Trump, which seemingly ended an intractable stalemate.

In the weeks following the initial agreement in Switzerland, Washington claimed China was restricting exports of critical minerals, while Beijing reacted to US restrictions on semiconductors and threats to impose visa barriers on Chinese students.

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China hosts SCO defense ministers on warship amid regional tensions

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Chinese Defense Minister Dong Jun hosted his Iranian counterpart and other high-level defense officials from Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) member states aboard an advanced Chinese warship, just days after the US bombed Iran’s nuclear facilities.

Iranian Defense Minister Aziz Nasirzadeh was among the defense officials welcomed by Dong on a military vessel in the coastal city of Qingdao, China, as part of a two-day SCO defense ministers’ meeting that concluded on Thursday.

According to Chinese state television CCTV, Nasirzadeh and other defense officials toured the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Navy’s Type 052D destroyer, the Kaifeng, and later attended a reception on the ship’s deck.

Aboard the ship, Nasirzadeh thanked Beijing for “supporting Iran’s legitimate position following the recent attacks” by Israel and the US.

“We hope that China will continue to stand on the side of justice, help maintain the current ceasefire, and play a greater role in de-escalating regional tensions,” Nasirzadeh said, according to Xinhua.

In his address to the assembled ministers, Dong reportedly stated that “unilateralism, protectionism, and hegemonic and bullying acts are on the rise, seriously disrupting the international order and becoming the greatest source of chaos and conflict.”

Dong called for closer cooperation within the United Nations, the SCO, and other multilateral frameworks, urging members to unite with “more like-minded forces” to defend international justice and maintain global stability.

“SCO countries must remain true to the organization’s founding ideals, uphold the ‘Shanghai Spirit,’ and deepen practical cooperation in all areas,” Dong said. “With stronger actions, we can jointly safeguard a peaceful environment for development,” he added.

The event followed the US attacks on three of Iran’s key nuclear facilities on Saturday, which Beijing strongly condemned.

The Chinese Foreign Ministry stated that the attacks on nuclear facilities under the supervision of the International Atomic Energy Agency seriously violated the UN Charter and its principles.

Additionally, the SCO meeting coincided with a NATO leaders’ summit in The Hague. In a statement from The Hague, US President Donald Trump announced that the US would hold talks with Iran about a possible nuclear deal “in the coming week.”

Bilateral Talks

According to Xinhua, the Chinese defense minister later held separate bilateral meetings with the defense ministers of Belarus, Pakistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia. The state news agency reported that all parties appreciated Beijing’s efforts and significant contributions to developing SCO operational mechanisms and deepening inter-sectoral cooperation during its rotating presidency. They also expressed a strong will to further consolidate and expand military ties.

Pakistani Defense Minister Khawaja Asif praised Beijing’s role in de-escalating tensions. “Pakistan highly values its robust friendship with China and is ready to work together to implement its three global initiatives, deepen military cooperation, and help maintain regional peace and stability,” he said.

For Russian Defense Minister Andrei Belousov, this year—the 80th anniversary of the victory in World War II, the Chinese people’s war of resistance against Japanese aggression, and the world’s anti-fascist war—presents an opportunity to deepen bilateral military relations. “In line with the consensus of our leaders, we will intensify strategic communication and cooperation and contribute to global strategic stability,” he said.

Meanwhile, Indian Defense Minister Rajnath Singh also attended the Qingdao meeting. This marked the first visit by an Indian defense minister to China since the deadly border clash between the two countries in 2020.

Military trust

According to the Chinese Ministry of Defense, the SCO defense ministers’ meeting is one of the key events held during China’s rotating presidency of the SCO this year. The ministers, along with representatives from the SCO and regional anti-terrorism bodies, gathered to further strengthen military trust and deepen practical cooperation among member states.

The SCO, a 10-nation bloc comprising China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, India, Iran, and Belarus, currently covers approximately three-fifths of the Eurasian continent and about 43% of the world’s population.

The Beijing meeting, held under the rotating presidency of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, highlighted China’s role as a significant international actor and the importance Tehran places on its relationship with Beijing, even as China has largely remained on the sidelines of the Israel-Iran conflict.

During a regular press conference at the Chinese Ministry of Defense on Thursday, when asked if Beijing was considering providing military support to Iran as an SCO member, ministry spokesman Zhang Xiaogang told CNN, “China is ready to cooperate with all parties to play a constructive role in maintaining peace and stability in the Middle East.”

Kaifeng destroyer

The Kaifeng destroyer, where the meeting’s reception was held, is the sixth vessel of the extended Type 052D variant and serves in the North Sea Fleet. Commissioned in April 2021, the ship is approximately 159 meters (521 feet) long, weighs 7,500 tons, and is equipped with 517C anti-stealth radar. Its expanded deck allows for the landing of the PLA Navy’s Z-20 helicopters.

The warship has conducted numerous long-range exercises, including a passage through the Tsushima Strait in April, as part of Beijing’s growing operational presence in the western Pacific.

It was publicly displayed during the 74th-anniversary celebrations of the Chinese navy in Qingdao in 2023.

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