Connect with us

Europe

Meloni government implicated in spyware scandal, claims victory in referendum failure

Published

on

Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni experienced a significant setback followed by a major victory within the span of a week.

The setback originated from a parliamentary inquiry into the Israeli spyware, Graphite. The parliamentary committee confirmed that the government had utilized this spyware, developed by the offensive cyber company Paragon, to hack the smartphones of several activists working with migrants.

The committee verified that Paragon supplied Graphite to two Italian institutions, including the country’s foreign intelligence service, starting in 2023. According to the report, the version of Graphite provided did not include the capability to activate a phone’s microphone or camera. Instead, it allowed operators to access encrypted communications on the hacked devices.

The report also confirmed that Graphite exploited a vulnerability in WhatsApp, which Meta detected and fixed in December 2024, just one month before the spyware’s activities were publicly disclosed. A recent report on Israeli television revealed that the discovery of this vulnerability caused panic within Unit 8200, Israel’s military intelligence unit.

Government’s use of Israeli spyware confirmed

The Italian committee also confirmed Meta’s claim that the phones of several activists involved in migrant rights in Italy had been hacked. These activists included Luca Casarini, Giuseppe Caccia, and David Yambio. However, in Yambio’s case, the hacking was carried out by another, unnamed spyware, not Graphite.

According to the committee’s final report, the phone of investigative journalist Francesco Cancellato, known for his criticism of the country’s ruling party, was not hacked by Italian intelligence agencies. The report stated that these activists were legally monitored and that the use of spyware against them was coordinated with the relevant legal authorities in Italy.

Nevertheless, the committee recommended improving the oversight mechanisms that regulate the use of spyware in the country. It also emphasized that Casarini and Caccia were targeted in operations initiated by previous governments before Giorgia Meloni came to power.

Israeli company halts Italian intelligence access

Paragon developed the Graphite spyware, which has been sold to intelligence and law enforcement agencies in Israel, Europe, the US, and Singapore. In January, WhatsApp announced it had detected that approximately 100 user accounts were hacked using Paragon’s spyware.

The list of potential targets included civil society activists and an Italian investigative journalist who had exposed links between Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni’s party and neo-fascist movements.

Unlike Israel’s more famous spyware manufacturer, NSO, Paragon promotes itself as a “clean and responsible” company committed to human rights. This was the first time it faced backlash over allegations of misuse of its spyware, which allows states to access encrypted devices.

After Meta announced the WhatsApp hack, Paragon cut off the Italian intelligence agency’s access to its systems until the results of the ongoing parliamentary commission inquiry in Rome were released. According to a recent report by the Israeli television program Zman Emet (Real Time), Italian officials were so angered by Paragon’s decision that the Italian prime minister reportedly called Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to demand an explanation.

Referendum boycott proves effective

Italy’s attempt to repeal significant labor and citizenship laws through five national referendums failed due to low turnout, which remained at 30%. This participation rate was well below the 50% required for the results to be valid.

According to the Italian Ministry of the Interior, approximately 30% of eligible voters participated in the two-day referendum, which aimed, among other things, to halve the time migrants must live in Italy before they can apply for citizenship.

Although polling was open on Sunday and Monday (June 8-9) until 3:00 PM, turnout never approached the constitutional threshold. The referendums—four concerning the protection of workers’ rights and one on reducing the residency requirement for non-EU citizens applying for Italian citizenship from 10 to 5 years—were declared invalid due to insufficient participation.

The referendum, supported by the left-wing opposition and activist groups, sought to repeal a 1992 law that had increased the residency requirement for non-EU foreigners from 5 to 10 years. Had the referendum succeeded, 2.5 million foreign migrants who have lived in Italy for five years or more would have been immediately eligible to apply for citizenship.

Among those who did vote, support for the “Yes” campaign was overwhelming: about 80% supported the changes to labor laws, while approximately 65% backed the citizenship proposal. However, because the quorum was not met, the results have no legal standing.

The referendum campaign began amid heated debates following Italy’s Olympic gold medal win last year with a women’s volleyball team composed of daughters of African immigrants.

Opposition blames government as ruling party declares victory

The opposition parties, which largely supported the referendums, accused the government of deliberately suppressing turnout by calling for a boycott, thereby discouraging voters from going to the polls. Forza Italia was particularly active in this tactic, drawing criticism for a social media post urging voters to “go to the beach” instead of the ballot box.

As soon as the failure was certain, Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni’s party, Fratelli d’Italia (Brothers of Italy), went on the offensive. The party shared an image of opposition leaders with the caption “You lost,” claiming the referendums were a veiled attempt to weaken the government.

Government officials framed the result as a broader endorsement of the status quo. Deputy Prime Minister Giovanbattista Fazzolari stated, “The opposition tried to turn the five referendums into a vote against the Meloni government. The result is clear: the government has emerged stronger, and the left weaker.”

Once it became clear the referendum would not reach a quorum, Deputy Prime Minister Matteo Salvini announced that his Lega party would push for stricter laws to make naturalization even more difficult. “Citizenship is not a gift,” Salvini said in a statement. “We want stricter and tougher rules to become an Italian citizen. A few more years of residence is not enough.”

In response, Pina Picierno, a Democratic Party deputy and Vice President of the European Parliament, described the outcome as a “deep, serious, and avoidable defeat.” She warned her own side against “political myopia,” adding, “Outside our bubble, there is a country that wants a future, not a settling of old scores.”

Italy’s state broadcaster, Rai, and other mainstream media outlets and newspapers almost completely censored coverage of the referendum. On the Sunday of the vote, the national newspaper headlines barely mentioned it.

Calls for reform from both sides

While the vote exposed Italy’s deep-seated political divisions, it also revealed a rare point of consensus: the current referendum system is facing increasing criticism. Representatives from both the government and the opposition have openly called for its reform, albeit for very different reasons.

Antonio Tajani, leader of Forza Italia and Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs, argued that issues put to a referendum should require more signatures and questioned the cost of the current system. “Perhaps the time has come to revise the law,” Tajani said. “Considering the money spent, for example, on the hundreds of thousands, even millions, of ballots sent abroad and returned blank, the signature threshold may need to be raised.”

These remarks drew sharp criticism from referendum supporters. Riccardo Magi, leader of +Europa and chairman of the citizenship referendum committee, called Tajani’s comments “literally shameful,” noting that the government showed no concern for the “much more expensive and scandal-ridden detention centers in Albania.”

“It is dangerous to play with public disillusionment,” Magi warned, announcing he would propose a constitutional amendment to abolish the turnout requirement.

Europe

EU rejects US proposal to resume Russian gas flows through Ukraine

Published

on

The European Commission has rejected a peace plan proposal from the US administration that entails resuming Russian natural gas purchases via Ukraine.

Commission spokesperson Paula Pinho stressed that Brussels has not changed its stance.

Pinho recalled that European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen had previously stated clearly that no restrictions on Russia would be lifted until the conflict comes to an absolute end.

The New York Times reported that the US president’s new peace proposal includes Europe returning to large-scale Russian gas purchases through Ukraine.

According to the report, Special Envoy Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner raised the matter during talks in Kyiv last month with Ukrainian and European officials, including Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy.

Sources contacted by the newspaper noted that some European and Ukrainian officials believe Washington would seek to secure a share of Russian gas exports.

Under this plan, the objective is to channel a share of the profits to American companies or the US government.

Russian President Vladimir Putin had said Moscow was ready to work on supplying fuel to European nations, but noted that a signal must come from the other side.

Putin stated that Moscow must evaluate the feasibility and necessity of fuel flows to the Western market, adding that they would not wait for Europe to shut the door ostentatiously on energy supplies.

Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov remarked that European nations rejecting Russian gas would make them dependent on the US and deprive them of the ability to diversify their supply sources.

Peskov noted that the US sells gas at very high prices and that if European nations pay more for energy, their industries will suffer.

The EU plans to halt liquefied natural gas imports from Russia entirely by 1 January 2027 and pipeline gas by 30 September 2027.

Von der Leyen had previously announced that the bloc would reduce Russian gas imports to zero by the end of 2027.

Russia halted gas flows to Europe via Ukraine as of 1 January 2025, when the five-year contract between Gazprom and Naftogaz of Ukraine expired.

Putin had stated that Kyiv refused to extend the transit agreement. Following the closure of the Ukrainian route, the TurkStream pipeline remained the only operational corridor carrying Russian pipeline gas to Europe.

Continue Reading

Europe

Serbian prosecutor in Trump Tower inquiry targeted by Israeli spyware

Published

on

A prosecutor investigating corruption allegations surrounding a real estate project linked to US President Donald Trump in Serbia was targeted with spyware, a new investigation has revealed.

The findings, published by the University of Toronto’s Citizen Lab alongside the Serbia-based digital rights group SHARE Foundation, showed that Rade Bajić, who served at the Prosecutor’s Office for Organized Crime, was selected as a target.

Bajić became a target of the Pegasus spyware developed by Israel-based NSO Group after he publicly spoke out about political interference and abuses of power.

The prosecutor stated that on 13 August, he received a warning alert from Apple cautioning him against state-sponsored or mercenary spyware attacks.

Project cancelled, but investigation and pressure continue

The probe centres on a plan to transform the historic complex in Belgrade that housed the former Yugoslav Ministry of Defence headquarters into a luxury Trump Tower skyscraper.

Linked to US President Trump’s son-in-law Jared Kushner, the real estate development drew fierce backlash amid political pressure disputes and allegations that the site’s protected heritage status had been unlawfully revoked.

The investment firm founded by Kushner announced late last year that it was pulling out of the project, citing respect for the Serbian public and the city of Belgrade.

Recalling his investigation into claims that senior government officials had improperly lifted the historic military complex’s protected status, former prosecutor Bajić said: “In my opinion, my role in this case was the sole reason for the illegal spyware attack.”

Target list widens to university and judicial figures

The spyware scandal in Serbia has widened, sweeping in political opposition figures, civil society, and academic circles.

It was also confirmed that an iPhone belonging to University of Belgrade Rector Vladan Đokić was infiltrated by Pegasus spyware.

Đokić, who refused to back the government’s crackdowns on student demonstrations, has become one of the prominent figures of the protest movement.

Police raided his office on 31 March, seizing his computers and servers. Đokić had also been touted as a likely leader for a student-backed opposition list ahead of early general elections scheduled for Sunday.

Shortly before the report was published, a pro-government tabloid released audio recordings allegedly capturing Đokić discussing his political ambitions, putting him directly in the crosshairs.

While the source of the recordings remained undisclosed, Đokić stressed that the breach of his phone represented a grave assault on his personal privacy, safety, and the dignity of the rector’s office, demanding that those responsible be punished.

State institutions silent on allegations

Speaking to Politico, SHARE Foundation policy advisor Andrijana Ristić noted that surveillance operations had spread from civil society and journalists to student activists, politicians, and finally to members of academia and the judiciary.

Ristić stated that the lack of state action despite formal criminal complaints has fuelled this escalation.

Citizen Lab senior researcher John Scott-Railton emphasized that technology from NSO Group, which claims to turn over a new leaf every time an abuse is uncovered, is being deployed directly for repression.

Scott-Railton pointed out that targeting individuals who defend freedom against corruption was no coincidence.

The Serbian Ministry of Internal Affairs left questions unanswered, though officials had previously denied allegations of cyber espionage.

NSO Group, which maintains that it sells its products exclusively to governments and was blacklisted by the US government in 2021 over human rights abuses, also made no comment.

Apple confirmed that it had sent mass threat notifications to users on 13 August, but provided no specific details regarding the cases of Bajić or Đokić.

In September, Citizen Lab and the SHARE Foundation disclosed that at least 14 individuals, including student activists and opposition figures, had received similar spyware alerts.

Continue Reading

Europe

Macron rejects interior minister’s resignation over violent unrest

Published

on

French Interior Minister Laurent Nuñez tendered his resignation amid some of the country’s most violent street unrest in recent years. President Emmanuel Macron rejected the resignation.

According to a statement from the Elysée Palace, Macron made the decision because law enforcement required uninterrupted command under current conditions. Macron instructed Nuñez to roll out new methods on the ground as quickly as possible.

The president also demanded that all necessary measures be taken to ensure transparency regarding the lapses in intelligence and foresight that led to the violence.

How many people were on the streets during Saturday’s protests?

The demonstrations were organised on 17 October over the rising cost of living and discontent with the government’s social policies. According to the Interior Ministry, approximately 550,000 people took part, while trade unions put the figure at 800,000.

Hundreds of thousands marched peacefully on Saturday. However, clashes with law enforcement broke out in Paris, Lyon, Marseille, and other cities, where shops were looted and buildings set on fire.

In Marseille, protesters stormed the city hall. As they forced their way in, they shouted, “This is a revolution, we are taking the Bastille!”, and went on to loot numerous stores.

In Lyon, the office of a tourism company housed in a 19th-century building was vandalised and torched. In Limoges, a 19th-century city hall was set ablaze.

Damage incurred by French businesses is reportedly estimated in the hundreds of millions of euros.

Citing Nuñez reported approximately 1,800 detentions and more than 500 injuries among police officers, gendarmes, and firefighters. Reuters reported that Nuñez stated 2,400 people had been detained nationwide and around 1,000 security personnel injured.

During the demonstrations in Paris, one person suffered a fatal heart attack while being detained.

Macron: We feel anger and shame

In a televised address, Macron said that nothing could justify the events. “There is nothing that can justify, explain, or excuse this. Tonight, we all feel anger and shame,” he said.

In the same speech, he stressed that peaceful demonstrators had legitimate grievances and should not be equated with those resorting to violence. He also noted that the protesters’ voices must be heard and that the government had already begun efforts to address them.

Macron said that legitimate demands must not be conflated with violence, and that violence should not prevent those demands from being heard.

Right demands state of emergency, Macron holds off

Right-wing politicians demanded the declaration of a state of emergency.

Macron declined to do so, stating that the government could allow local authorities to ban protests if necessary to protect public buildings and businesses.

Marine Le Pen, who is expected to run as the candidate for the far-right National Rally in next year’s presidential election, called for restraint. Le Pen said the situation in the country must not be treated as normal.

Meanwhile, Jean-Luc Mélenchon, leader of the far-left France Unbowed, stated that Macron must meet the demands of high school students staging demonstrations.

Macron’s term in office ends in 2027.

Throughout his nearly decade-long presidency, the country has frequently witnessed widespread protests, alongside persistent criticism over economic weakness and mounting public debt.

Continue Reading

MOST READ

Turkey