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Unprecedented escalation in the Middle East; How did Israel attack Iran?

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Iran has confirmed that two military personnel were killed following Israeli airstrikes early Saturday, involving over 100 drones and missiles, underscoring the scale of the operation. Iranian media identified the victims as Jahandidah and Staff Sergeant Shahrokhifar.

Israeli media says that Israeli officials, including the country’s Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Defense Minister Yoav Gallant have been closely monitoring the attack from the military’s command center in Tel Aviv. 

The Israeli army said that this action was in response to Iran’s missile attack on the country earlier this month. This attack is the latest confrontation in the increasing conflicts between the two hostile countries.

After a few hours of the attack, the Israeli army announced that the country’s attacks have ended, and its goals have been achieved.

Israeli army spokesman, Daniel Hagari warned Iran not to react; while an Iranian news agency reported, quoting the country’s officials that Tehran will have a “proportionate” reaction to Israel’s actions.

Iranian media reported that several explosions occurred within hours in the capital and nearby military bases. This comes as before the sunrise on Saturday, Israel announced that three waves of attacks had been completed and the operation was over.

However, Iran announced that its air defense system succeeded in repelling Israeli attacks on military targets in the provinces of Tehran, Khuzestan and Ilam. But it confirmed that “limited” damage has been done to some places. So far, the details of the number of missiles fired and drones hitting targets in Iran have not been disclosed.

The region is close to a regional war ignited by the US

After Iran’s attack on Israel on October first, concerns among the Middle East countries about Israel’s attack on Iran has been intensified. At that time, Iran fired about 200 rockets at Israel and one person in the West Bank died as a result of these attacks.

Tensions between Israel and Iran, as arch-rivals of each other, have increased since Hamas, a group allegedly supported by Iran, attacked Israel on October 7, 2023. Hamas is also supported by Lebanon-based Hezbollah, which is also said to be supported by Iran.

With the escalation of Israel’s attacks on Lebanon’s Hezbollah since last month, including its airstrikes on the Lebanese capital Beirut and its ground operations and year-long war in Gaza, concerns have increased about the possibility of Iran and the United States being drawn into a regional war.

“In response to months of continuous attacks by the Iranian regime against the State of Israel, the Israeli Defense Forces are currently conducting precision strikes against military targets in Iran,” the Israeli military said in a statement.

The Israeli army claimed that it had ended its “targeted” attacks on Iran, targeting the country’s missile production facilities and missile defense systems. Israel added that its planes have returned safely to their bases.

The Israeli army emphasized in a statement: “If the Iranian regime makes the mistake of starting a new round of escalation, we will be forced to respond.”

Meanwhile, a US official said the targets did not include Iran’s energy infrastructure or nuclear facilities.

US President Joe Biden, who is the main supporter and supplier of weapons to Israel, previously warned that Washington would not support an attack on Tehran’s nuclear facilities and that Israel should consider other options instead of attacking Iran’s oil fields.

The United States was aware of the Israeli attacks

Video footage released by Iranian media showed air defense systems continuously firing at Israeli missiles in central Tehran.

Without specifying which sites were targeted, the Tasnim news agency reported that the IRGC bases that had been attacked were not damaged and said that as of 9:00 a.m. (05:30 GMT) after a pause during Israel’s attack, it resumed its flights.

Meanwhile, Israel’s defense minister also held talks with US defense minister Lloyd Austin after the attacks began.

The Pentagon says that Mr. Austin emphasized strengthening the US force posture to defend American, Israeli and partner forces and personnel throughout the region.

An American official told Reuters that Israel had informed the United States before the attack; But Washington was not involved in these attacks.

Iran is not willing to involve in war with Israel

Unfortunately, Iran is involved in a ping pong war with Israel and there is no end sees in sight. It is predicted that if the cycle of war continues, the US will be involved too. In this case, the situation will grow worse, and the damage will be serious.

It is the expectation that the United Nations and US should have behaved more responsibly and prevent the spread of war in the region.

It is a belief among the Iranian people that the United States tried to convince Israel to measure its attacks carefully, it also assured the country that it would help defend it if Tehran launched a counterattack. This support includes Biden’s decision to transfer US Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) anti-missile defense systems to Israel. Biden has already sent about 100 American soldiers to advance the operation of these systems to the Middle East.

But the Iranian people and even the government are not willing to involve themselves in the war, but the spokesman of Iran foreign affairs ministry announced that Iran has the right to defend the country.

Reactions to Israel’s attack on Iran

Saudi Arabia condemned the attack as a “violation of sovereignty” and international law and called on all parties to show maximum restraint. Riyadh asked the international community to take necessary measures to reduce tensions and end conflicts in the region.

Meanwhile, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Pakistan, in a statement in response to Israel’s missile attack on Iran, said that these attacks are a “gross violation” of the United Nations Charter and international laws.

“These attacks undermine peace and stability in the region and cause a dangerous escalation of conflicts in the region,” the statement said, and held Israel responsible for the escalation and expansion of the conflict in the region.

These attacks have also been met with reactions from a number of Afghan politicians.

Hamid Karzai, the former president of Afghanistan, condemned Israel’s missile attack and called it a “violation of the national sovereignty and privacy” of Iran.

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Syria will not follow Afghanistan’s Taliban model of governance

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In an astonishing statement, Ahmed Shará, also known as Abu Mohamad Jolani, the leader of the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) said that he will allow the girls to go to schools and will not turn Syria like Afghanistan under the rule of the Taliban.

Jolani, the de facto ruler of Syria, said that he will distance himself from the Taliban’s strict policies on women’s rights, and said that Syria will not follow the Taliban’s mode of governance.  

Jolani, who brought down the government of Bashar al-Assad and also widely welcomed by the Taliban, said that he believes in the education of women and girls and will not make Syria like Afghanistan.

“Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal. The Afghan model cannot be applied here,” Jolani told a BBC reporter.

Jolani says that Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal.

Jolani’s comment came when the Taliban congratulated the HTS-led victory by Jolani over Assad’s regime after years of fighting. The Afghan Foreign Ministry celebrated Jolani’s victory through a statement and hoped Jolani can bring peace and stability in the country.

“It is hoped that the power transition process is advanced in a manner that lays the foundation of a sovereign and serve-oriented Islamic government in the line with the aspiration of the Syrian people; that unifies the entire population without discrimination and retribution through adoption of a general assembly; and a positive foreign policy with world countries the safeguard Syria from a threat of negative rivalries of foreign actors and creates conditions for the return of millions of refugees,” the statement by Taliban Foreign Ministry.

However, Jolan’s position on the rights of women and girls is in great contrast with the current view of the Taliban leadership. Women and girls have been banned from education and work since the return of the Taliban in August 2021, following the collapse of the Republic System and withdrawal of the US troops from Afghanistan. Girls and women are even banned from medical institutions and visiting public spaces.

Jolani says he has a plan to create a government based institution and a council chosen by the people. 

The situation got worse when the Taliban’s Ministry for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice called women’s voices “immodest” compounding their exclusion from public life. This year, it has been marked as three years since girls were banned from pursuing education over sixth grade. Besides that, on December 20, 2022, the Taliban’s Ministry of Higher Education announced that women would be barred from attending public and private universities.    

In an interview with CNN, Jolani said that he has a plan to create a government based on institutions and a “council chosen by the people.”

“When we talk about objectives, the goal of the revolution remains the overthrow of this regime. It is our right to use all available means to achieve that goal,” said Jolani.

“The seeds of the regime’s defeat have always been within it… the Iranians attempted to revive the regime, buying it time, and later the Russians also tried to prop it up. But the truth remains: this regime is dead.”

Moreover, he also said the Syrian people are the “rightful owners” of the country after the ouster of Assad, and declared a “new history” has been written for the entire Middle East.

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Yoon summoned again for questioning on treason charges

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A joint law enforcement team investigating South Korea’s martial law case announced on Friday that it has issued a second summons to ousted President Yoon Suk Yeol, requesting his presence for questioning next week. The inquiry concerns his alleged involvement in the failed implementation of martial law.

The team has scheduled the questioning for 10:00 a.m. next Wednesday at the Corruption Investigation Office for Senior Officials (CIO) headquarters in Gwacheon, located just south of Seoul. This marks the second summons after Yoon refused to cooperate with the initial notice earlier this week.

The decision to hold the questioning on a public holiday appears to be a strategic move by the CIO, likely aimed at addressing security concerns. The office confirmed that the summonses were delivered via express mail and electronically to both Yoon’s residence and the presidential office in Yongsan. Notably, after Yoon’s team refused to accept the first subpoena, the CIO opted against delivering the documents in person for this round.

The investigation focuses on Yoon’s role in the December 3 martial law declaration, which he revoked following a vote in the National Assembly. If Yoon continues to disregard the summons without valid justification, the CIO may seek a court order to detain him for up to 48 hours.

Yoon faces allegations of sedition and abuse of office, charges that have gained traction since his dismissal by parliament last Saturday. His suspension from office remains in effect pending a decision by the Constitutional Court, which will determine whether he is permanently removed or reinstated.

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Xi Jinping champions economic diversification during Macau visit

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During a three-day visit to Macau commemorating the 25th anniversary of its return to Chinese sovereignty from Portugal, President Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of economic diversification and maintaining the “one country, two systems” framework.

Speaking at the swearing-in ceremony for Macau’s new Chief Executive Officer, Sam Hou-fai, Xi urged the administration to make economic diversification the city’s primary focus. Sam, the fourth leader since the 1999 handover and the first mainland-born Chinese official to hold the position, is expected to align closely with Beijing’s objectives to reduce Macau’s reliance on gambling. The gambling industry, which accounts for approximately 80% of Macau’s tax revenue, has been the cornerstone of its rapid economic growth in recent years.

“Macau should prioritize proper economic diversification,” Xi stated, calling for enhanced policy support and investment in emerging sectors. He also reiterated the significance of the “one country, two systems” principle, stressing its role in ensuring the city’s “prosperity and stability” for the long term.

Xi’s visit included stops at the Macau University of Science and Technology, where he explored laboratories focusing on traditional Chinese medicine and planetary science. He also attended a cultural performance at the Macau Dome and met with local stakeholders, according to Chinese state media. His trip marked a shift in tone, with Anthony Lawrence, founder of Intelligence Macau, noting that it was the first time Xi publicly praised Macau for its progress rather than delivering critiques or instructions.

Since the liberalization of Macau’s gaming monopoly in 2002, the city has attracted significant foreign investment, including from prominent US casino operators such as Las Vegas Sands, MGM, and Wynn Resorts. However, the economy struggled during the COVID-19 pandemic due to travel restrictions, and recovery has only recently begun.

On Friday, Macau’s casinos were bustling with visitors, while non-gaming initiatives like a stamp exhibition co-organized by MGM China and Beijing’s Palace Museum showcased the city’s efforts to diversify its offerings.

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