Connect with us

AMERICA

Marco Rubio’s views on China

Published

on

Marco Rubio, a U.S. Senator from Florida since 2011, has been appointed Secretary of State in the new Donald Trump administration. Known for his tough stance on Iran, Cuba, and Venezuela, Rubio has consistently positioned himself as one of the leading hawks against the People’s Republic of China.

During Donald Trump’s first term, Rubio was instrumental in pushing forward legislation that imposed sanctions on Chinese politicians and companies. These sanctions were justified as responses to actions taken by Chinese authorities in Hong Kong and Xinjiang. Rubio was also an early advocate for the Inter-Parliamentary Alliance on China (IPAC), a global network of lawmakers from approximately 40 parliaments that coordinates anti-China legislative efforts worldwide.

Rubio has accused Beijing of attempting to “undermine all the institutions and all the norms of the world” to further its pursuit of power. Peter Mattis, president of the Jamestown Foundation, has indicated that Rubio’s approach may involve a more aggressive stance on China-related issues than those of his predecessors. In retaliation, Beijing has imposed sanctions, including a travel ban, on Rubio due to his assertive policies.

National security vs. economic efficiency

In a 2020 interview with The Wire China, Rubio articulated that China is America’s strategic competitor, highlighting how Chinese companies are exploiting American capital markets to fund a totalitarian regime. “We’re going to redefine what critical industries are, and there’s going to be some protectionism around those industries worldwide after the pandemic,” he said, emphasizing how COVID-19 exposed the fragility of supply chains.

Rubio elaborated that while he supports capitalism, it must align with national interests. “One of the things that makes capitalism the best economic model in the world is that it allocates capital efficiently. However, there are situations where the most efficient outcome is not in our national interest,” he noted. As an example, he cited the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), arguing that outsourcing these to China may be cost-effective but compromises U.S. national security.

Rubio referenced historical parallels, pointing to the U.S. decision to restrict Japan’s access to oil and resources before World War II as a trigger for Japan’s attack in December 1941. He warned that allowing China similar leverage over essential resources could increase the risk of armed conflict.

National Security and strategic sectors

Rubio distinguishes between Chinese companies with national security implications and those that do not. Telecommunications, biotechnology, artificial intelligence, and quantum computing are cited as sectors requiring American independence to mitigate reliance on China.

Supply chains and economic strategy

Rubio advocates for bringing supply chains back to the U.S. (onshoring) or relocating production to Central American countries such as El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Haiti. “We thought capitalism would change China; we didn’t think China would try to change capitalism,” he stated, suggesting that Xi Jinping’s aggressive policies are fueled by a perception of Western decline post-2008 financial crisis.

The 2024 Report: ‘The World China Made’

Rubio’s September 2024 report, The World China Made, challenges the narrative of a collapsing Chinese economy. While acknowledging structural issues, he warns against complacency, noting that China’s export- and manufacturing-led model has propelled it to the technological frontier despite its flaws. “An invincible belief in one’s own success breeds complacency, and the evidence before us contradicts that belief,” he wrote, emphasizing that China remains an existential threat to U.S. industry and workers.

The report also highlights China’s strategy of building factories in the Global South to bypass U.S. tariffs. “As trade barriers against Chinese products rise in developed countries, Chinese firms have targeted the Global South as an export market and production base,” the report states. Rubio points out that U.S. imports from the Global South follow an upward trend similar to Chinese exports.

Developing an effective strategy to counteract China’s engagement in the Global South is, according to Rubio, a sine qua non for a robust anti-China policy.

AMERICA

Amazon pledges $1 billion to Trump inauguration fund

Published

on

Amazon confirmed on Thursday that it will contribute $1 million to Donald Trump’s inauguration fund, a move mirroring similar actions by other major tech companies, including Meta, the parent company of Facebook and Instagram. Amazon also plans to broadcast Trump’s inauguration via its Prime Video service.

This announcement comes as major tech executives seek to establish ties with the incoming U.S. president, despite Trump’s longstanding criticisms of Big Tech. Trump has frequently accused technology companies of censorship and bias against conservative media.

Jeff Bezos, Amazon’s founder and CEO, is reportedly planning to meet Trump at his Mar-a-Lago resort next week, according to The Wall Street Journal, which first reported Amazon’s donation. Similarly, Google CEO Sundar Pichai and Apple CEO Tim Cook have expressed their congratulations to Trump since his election victory in November.

Trump’s relationship with Amazon has been fraught with challenges. During his first term, he accused the company of undercutting competition and criticized its tax policies. In 2018, Trump ordered a review of U.S. Postal Service package pricing, claiming the agency acted as Amazon’s “courier.”

Apple, meanwhile, faces potential risks from Trump’s proposed tariff policies, which could disrupt critical supply chains in China. However, during Trump’s first term, Cook secured exemptions for certain Apple products.

Meta’s CEO, Mark Zuckerberg, and other tech leaders have also engaged with Trump. According to The Information, Zuckerberg dined with Trump after the election. Pichai is also expected to meet Trump this week.

While Trump scrutinized Big Tech during his presidency, Amazon now faces mounting regulatory pressure under President Joe Biden. The U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC), led by Lina Khan, has been investigating Amazon for alleged monopoly practices, with several states filing lawsuits last year. The FTC is also examining major cloud service providers, including Amazon, over partnerships in artificial intelligence.

Despite earlier conflicts, Bezos recently praised Trump for his “tremendous grace and courage under real fire” in a post on X (formerly Twitter) following an assassination attempt. Bezos, who also owns The Washington Post, reportedly prevented the newspaper from endorsing Trump’s Democratic opponent Kamala Harris in the 2024 election.

Speculation about a tacit agreement between Bezos and Trump has surfaced, allegedly tied to Blue Origin, Bezos’s rocket company competing with Elon Musk’s SpaceX.

Continue Reading

AMERICA

Investors poured $140 billion into U.S. equities following Trump’s victory

Published

on

Nearly $140 billion has flowed into U.S. equity funds since last month’s election, as investors anticipate Donald Trump’s administration will implement sweeping tax cuts and regulatory reforms.

According to the Financial Times (FT), which cites data from EPFR, U.S. equity funds have seen inflows totaling $139.5 billion since Trump’s victory on November 5. This surge in investment made November the busiest month for equity inflows since records began in 2000.

The massive influx of funds has driven major U.S. stock indexes to a series of record highs, as investors appeared to shrug off concerns about potential economic risks, including inflation and its implications for the Federal Reserve’s interest rate policy.

“The growth agenda that Trump has put on the table is being fully embraced,” said Dec Mullarkey, Chief Executive of SLC Management. He added that Trump’s picks for top administration posts have been seen as “very market friendly.”

Trump has promised to fill his administration with financial experts, including Scott Bessent as Treasury Secretary, and Paul Atkins, a cryptocurrency advocate, as Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

The president-elect has outlined a pro-growth agenda, emphasizing reduced taxes, deregulation, and economic expansion. These proposals have spurred optimism among investors, fueling a rally in the market.

The S&P 500, Wall Street’s primary stock market indicator, has risen 5.3% since Election Day, bringing its total gains for the year to 28%. Smaller companies, which are often seen as more responsive to changes in the U.S. economy, have outperformed larger firms during this period. The Russell 2000 index recently hit a record high for the first time in three years.

While U.S. equity funds have enjoyed record inflows, other global markets have experienced outflows emerging market funds have seen net withdrawals of $8 billion, with China-focused funds accounting for $4 billion; funds investing in Western Europe have lost $14 billion; and Japan-focused funds have seen outflows of approximately $6 billion.

Continue Reading

AMERICA

U.S. tightens export controls on China’s chip industry to curb AI and military growth

Published

on

The United States has introduced new export controls to limit China’s ability to develop advanced semiconductor technology and slow its progress in military applications and artificial intelligence (AI). These measures, described as the most stringent to date, target both U.S. companies and foreign firms utilizing American technology in chip-making equipment.

The controls include a ban on exporting high-bandwidth memory (HBM) chips to China, a crucial component in AI systems. According to U.S. Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo, the restrictions are “groundbreaking and comprehensive.” She emphasized their importance, saying, “These are the strongest controls ever imposed by the United States to reduce the People’s Republic of China’s ability to produce the most advanced chips used in its military modernization.”

In addition, the U.S. Department of Commerce will place 140 Chinese entities on its Entity List, often referred to as a “blacklist.” Companies on this list must obtain export licenses, which are expected to be nearly impossible to secure. Notable targets include, Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation (SMIC), Huawei Technologies, and Chinese firms involved in chip production equipment manufacturing.

According to the Financial Times, the regulations will affect 24 types of chip-making tools previously untouched. To enforce these rules more effectively, the U.S. will apply the Foreign Direct Product Rule (FDPR), impacting non-U.S. companies using American components or technology.

Notably, some U.S. allies, such as Japan and the Netherlands, have been granted FDPR exemptions after agreeing to adopt their own export controls. South Korea is awaiting a similar waiver. An unnamed U.S. official explained that the FDPR aims to prevent companies from circumventing controls by manufacturing tools in locations like Singapore or Malaysia for export to China.

The strategy reflects internal debates within the Biden administration regarding the extent of controls, particularly on Huawei’s operations. Some facilities of the Shenzhen-based company are not yet operational, raising questions about their capability for producing advanced chips. Officials appear divided, balancing tighter restrictions with the need for cooperation from allies.

Interestingly, some experts, including Gregory Allen, an AI specialist at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), have noted that leading U.S. toolmakers, such as Applied Materials, KLA, and Lam Research, are doubling their production capacity outside the U.S.

Despite the robust measures, questions remain regarding why certain Chinese manufacturers, such as CXMT, a producer of HBM, have not been added to the Entity List. Officials believe other restrictions will limit CXMT’s production capabilities, though some have argued for more direct action.

Continue Reading

MOST READ

Turkey