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MIDDLE EAST

EU and US pile on pressure for Gaza ceasefire

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In a first, EU leaders have called for a ceasefire in Gaza, while a US draft resolution calling for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza linked to the release of all prisoners will be put to a vote in the UN Security Council today. Arab ministers met in Cairo with US Secretary of State Blinken, who is on a tour of the Middle East, to discuss the need for a ceasefire in Gaza, followed by a period of concrete action towards a two-state political solution. Blinken reportedly urged Qatar to threaten to expel Hamas from Doha if it did not agree to a prisoner exchange.

European Union (EU) leaders ended five months of deep divisions at the Middle East session of their summit in Brussels, adopting a joint statement on Gaza.

“The European Council calls for an immediate ‘humanitarian pause’ to allow for a durable ceasefire, the unconditional release of all prisoners and the delivery of humanitarian aid,” the statement said, expressing dismay at the unprecedented civilian casualties and critical humanitarian situation in Gaza.

“The European Council is deeply concerned about the dire humanitarian situation in Gaza and its disproportionate impact on the civilian population, in particular children, and the risk of imminent famine,” it said.

It stressed that full, rapid, safe and unhindered humanitarian access to Gaza by all routes is essential for the large-scale delivery of life-saving assistance and essential services to the civilian population. “Urgent measures must be taken to prevent further population displacement and to provide safe shelter for the population to ensure that civilians are protected at all times,” the statement said.

Call to refrain from attacks on Rafah

The statement called on Israel to refrain from ground attacks that would worsen the already dire humanitarian situation in Rafah and prevent the delivery of urgently needed basic services and humanitarian aid.

Stressing the importance of respecting and implementing the legally binding decision of the International Court of Justice of 26 January, the statement said that violations of international humanitarian law must be thoroughly and independently investigated and accountability ensured.

The statement noted the vital role of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA).

West Bank and East Jerusalem

“The EU calls for an immediate end to violence in the West Bank and East Jerusalem and for safe access to holy sites. The European Council strongly condemns the violence perpetrated by extremist settlers”.

It condemned Israel’s decision to further expand illegal settlements in the occupied West Bank and called for this decision to be reversed.

On the other hand, Arab ministers conveyed their views on the ceasefire and political solution in Gaza to US Secretary of State Antony Blinken, who visited Egypt as part of his Middle East tour.

According to a written statement issued by the Egyptian Foreign Ministry, Blinken met in Cairo with Egyptian Foreign Minister Samih Shukri, Saudi Foreign Minister Faisal bin Farhan, Qatari Foreign Minister Mohammed bin Abdurrahman, Jordanian Foreign Minister Ayman al-Safedi, United Arab Emirates (UAE) Minister of State for International Cooperation Affairs Rim al-Hashemi, and Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO) Executive Committee Secretary-General Hussein al-Sheikh.

During the meeting, the crisis in Gaza and efforts to reach a ceasefire were discussed, and the rejection of attempts to liquidate the Palestinian issue or force the Palestinians to emigrate and the attack on Rafah were stressed. They also stressed the inevitability of a two-state solution and the establishment of a Palestinian state. The Arab ministers told Blinken that a ceasefire must be achieved in Gaza, followed by a phase of concrete actions aimed at a political solution through the two-state formula.

The meeting agreed to convene an urgent meeting of experts from the participating countries in the coming days to identify concrete and coordinated steps to resolve the humanitarian crisis in Gaza.

On the other hand, according to CNN, US officials said that Blinken sent a message to Hamas that it risked being expelled from Doha, where its senior members are based, unless it agreed to a hostage swap and a ceasefire deal to end the conflict in Gaza.

The message was delivered by Blinken to Qatari Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Mohammed bin Abdurrahman Al Thani at a meeting in Washington on 5 March, officials said.

US officials said Qatar, which has played a mediating role with Washington in efforts to reach a ceasefire agreement, “understood the message and showed no major reaction”.

It was not known whether Qatari officials had relayed the warning to Hamas leaders.

The US, Qatar and Egypt are mediating a prisoner swap and ceasefire deal between Hamas and Israel.

US draft resolution to be voted on at UNSC

The UN Security Council (UNSC) is scheduled to vote today on a draft resolution that the US has been negotiating for some time.

The draft resolution, seen by AA, condemns all forms of terrorism and commends the initiatives taken by Egypt and Qatar.

Noting the importance of turning the ceasefire into a sustainable one, the draft resolution states that “Hamas and other terrorist and extremist groups do not represent the Palestinian people” and that Hamas “has been declared a terrorist organisation by some member states”.

Stressing that Gaza is part of the territories occupied in 1967, the draft resolution supports a two-state solution.

“It is important to achieve an immediate and durable ceasefire in order to protect civilians on all sides, to provide necessary humanitarian assistance, to alleviate suffering and to ensure that this ceasefire is accompanied by the release of all remaining prisoners,” the draft resolution says.

Noting that the ceasefire should be seen as an opportunity to create conditions for a more sustainable cessation of hostilities, the draft resolution calls for intensified diplomatic efforts in this direction.

The draft resolution calls on all parties to abide by international law and humanitarian law, and calls for the protection of civilians and civilian infrastructure and the provision of humanitarian access.

The draft resolution opposes the forcible transfer of civilians in Gaza, stating that this would violate international law, international humanitarian law and international human rights law.

Elected members of the UN Security Council also prepare draft resolution

The 10 elected members of the UN Security Council are also preparing a draft resolution on the situation in Gaza.

The text, known as the “E-10” draft resolution, calls for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza during Ramadan. The draft resolution, which calls for the immediate and unconditional release of all prisoners, also calls for the distribution of humanitarian aid should be increased and obstacles removed.

On the other hand, France, which has been convening the UN Security Council for two weeks in a closed session on Gaza, is also preparing a draft resolution.

It is said that the French draft resolution will focus on a permanent ceasefire.

Negotiations continue in Doha

Meanwhile, an Israeli delegation led by Mossad chief David Barnea will travel today to Qatar, where negotiations on a prisoner swap between Hamas and Israel are continuing.

According to a statement released by the Israeli Prime Minister’s Press Office, the Israeli delegation led by Barnea, who was authorised to travel to Doha by Israeli Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu, will meet with CIA Director William (Bill) Burns, Qatari Prime Minister Mohammed bin Abdurrahman Al Thani and Egyptian intelligence chief Abbas Kamil to discuss the release of prisoners.

It is noteworthy that the visit coincides with the arrival of US Secretary of State Antony Blinken in Israel tomorrow after his visits to Saudi Arabia and Egypt.

The Israeli delegation led by Barnea went to Doha, the capital of Qatar, on 18 March for a new round of negotiations on the release of the prisoners.

The Israeli press announced that the prisoner exchange negotiations between Hamas and Tel Aviv officially started with the arrival of the Israeli delegation led by the head of Mossad in Doha.

The Israeli delegation was said to include Nitzan Alon, who was abducted by the Israeli army and was in charge of the missing persons file.

The news on Israel’s Channel 12 television said that the negotiations could last for about two weeks.

The Israeli press reported that Mossad chief Barnea, who headed the Tel Aviv delegation, returned to his country on 19 March and met with the government and war cabinet the following day.

MIDDLE EAST

Some Afghan journalists contemplating suicide; but why?

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In the past three years, the Taliban have severely limited access to information in Afghanistan and in some cases made it almost impossible. Many journalists who operate from the country say that the space for their activities is getting narrower every day.

These reporters state that in addition to self-censorship, they have experienced a kind of unwanted imprisonment and spend days and nights in their homes. They cannot move freely in the community for fear of interrogation and revenge from the Taliban.

In this report, two journalists have confirmed that they thought of suicide due to pressure from the Taliban. They say that life in Afghanistan has become difficult and that the Taliban have appeared as “death angle” and that if they did not have children, they would commit suicide.

These journalists are disappointed with the institutions that support the media and say that they have no way out of the existing problems. This is despite the fact that the Taliban have imposed more restrictions during the past month and have banned the publication of photos and images in five provinces.

One of the journalists who works under the Taliban regime says that the space for journalists to breathe and live is getting narrower and more limited every day. According to him, the Taliban have created an atmosphere where reporters and media spend day and night in worry and fear, and because of this, they cannot cover many events.

Taliban severely restricted the media landscape in Afghanistan, making it nearly impossible for journalist to operate

She emphasized that in some cases, due to the fear of the Taliban, she has covered news events a few days after they happened to prevent the Taliban from drawing attention and focusing on herself.

This reporter, who does not want to be named in the report, emphasizes that the difficult living conditions, the strict restrictions of the Taliban and the fear of being arrested and interrogated by this group made her think of suicide.

Samera, one of the Afghan female journalists, using her pin name for security reason, said that the painful experience of working under the Taliban rule has made her think about suicide many times. She says that she was once arrested by the Taliban for filming for news coverage.

“My arrest by the Taliban was the most bitter and painful experience, which made forced me to think of committing suicide,” She lamented.

This journalist says: “When the Taliban arrested me, I was thinking what my family, my colleagues and the community would say if I stayed in the prison at night?”

She furthered, “Because the arrest of a woman by the Taliban willfully or unwittingly has negative and harmful consequences that one cannot think of anything other than suicide.”

When the Taliban took some journalists, including females to the court, one of them said “why did you bring them, you should have shot them.”

“There I saw an old man who was the same age as my father. He threw himself at Talib’s feet and apologized, but Talib did not pay any attention to him,” she added.

An Afghan journalist said that he will commit suicide this time if Taliban arrest him

Omid, another journalist who used his pin name to avoid arrest, has thought of suicide many times, and he was also arrested several times. He says that despite his efforts, he did not succeed in leaving Afghanistan. “I’ll commit suicide if the Taliban arrest me once again,” he warned.

He furthered that he has heard a lot about torture and ill-treatment in the Taliban prison and has a horrible image of the prison scenes in his mind.

“Before the Taliban torture and insult me ​​in a terrible way, or take a video commitment from me… I prefer to put an end to this life,” he warned, adding that “I think that suicide is the only way to end all this suffering and misery.”

Another journalist who is currently in Pakistan also confirms that he thought of suicide due to mental and psychological problems. She says: “God is a witness to the hardships I experienced in Pakistan, it had ruined my soul and spirit so much that I thought if I committed suicide, I might get rid of these ordeals.”

In the past one month, the Taliban have continuously and systematically prevented the video activities of the media in a number of provinces across the country. After banning photography and filming, this group has now banned five provinces from these activities and announced that this restriction will be gradually applied in all provinces.

The Taliban authorities have informed the local media of the ban on taking pictures and publishing them, as well as banning the video interviews of their officials in Nangarhar province.

Azizullah Mustafa, the deputy governor of the Taliban in Nangarhar has ordered all the local employees that according to the order of the Taliban supreme leader it is forbidden to take pictures of living creatures and publish them, and the media is only allowed to communicate with Taliban officials.

Taliban already banned taking pictures of living creatures in five provinces in Afghanistan

Kandahar, Takhar, Badghis, Helmand and Nangarhar are among the provinces, where taking pictures of living creatures and publishing them, as well as video interviews, are completely prohibited.

The Taliban have closed three radio stations in Khost province during the past month under extensive pressure. “Gharghasht”, “Zheman” and “Long” radios have been blocked by the Taliban and they have resumed their activities after providing a written commitment to comply with the Taliban’s orders.

The Center of Afghan Journalists has already announced that the Taliban have imposed 17 restrictive directives against the media. These restrictions include preventing women from appearing on national radio and television, banning media coverage of demonstrations and civil protests, imposing restrictions on access to information and publishing news and reports, requiring journalists and media to introduce the Taliban regime as the “government of Afghanistan”.

Also, the Taliban have imposed restrictions on interviews with their opponents and critics. They have banned the broadcast of international television programs in Afghanistan and have imposed restrictions on publishing commercials with political, security and social content. In addition, the media have been prohibited from criticizing the work of Taliban officials, and filming, video interviews, and the publication of women’s voices have been prohibited from the media.

Also, it is forbidden to work with the media that have been declared “forbidden” by the Taliban, and in Helmand province, the publication of women’s voices in the local media is completely prohibited. Orders have also been issued to the media to refrain from using “foreign terms”, which refers to the use of “
“Persian words” for university and college. Prohibiting photography and filming in official and informal meetings of local Taliban officials in Kandahar, and banning girls from making phone calls to radios and televisions in Khost province are among the other restrictions imposed by the Taliban on domestic media in Afghanistan.

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MIDDLE EAST

ICC issues arrest warrant for Netanyahu and Gallant on war Crimes charges

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The International Criminal Court (ICC) has issued arrest warrants for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and former Defence Minister Yoav Gallant, citing war crimes in Gaza.

Despite sanctions and threats from Israel and the United States, the ICC’s decision was based on overwhelming evidence of war crimes and crimes against humanity committed against Palestinians. Among the charges, Netanyahu and Gallant were accused of using starvation as a weapon, with the court stating these allegations are founded on “reasonable grounds.”

Israel reportedly employed its intelligence agency, the Mossad, to spy on, hack, pressure, defame, and allegedly threaten senior ICC officials in an effort to obstruct investigations. Although these efforts were partially exposed through the international press and statements from ICC staff, they failed to deter the Court’s proceedings.

The ICC also clarified that it is undeterred by Israel’s non-recognition of the Court’s authority or its rulings.

Additionally, the ICC issued an arrest warrant for Hamas leader Mohammed Diab Ibrahim Al-Masr on related charges.

While this ruling may not immediately halt Israeli military actions in Gaza or reduce U.S. support for Israel, it is likely to deepen divisions among European nations over their stance on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

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MIDDLE EAST

Hamas: No hostages-for-prisoners swap deal with Israel unless Gaza war ends

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Khalil al-Hayya, a senior member of the Hamas Political Bureau, announced on Al-Aqsa TV that Hamas had accepted a proposal to form a committee to administer Gaza, with the condition that its operations be entirely local.

In his statement regarding the ongoing Gaza ceasefire talks, al-Hayya said: “An idea has been proposed to establish a committee for the administration of Gaza. This suggestion was made by our Egyptian brothers. We have responded responsibly and positively. We accept this proposal on the condition that the committee will operate in a fully localized manner, overseeing all aspects of daily life in Gaza.”

Earlier this month, representatives from both the Hamas and Fatah movements convened in Cairo, Egypt, to discuss a potential ceasefire and the establishment of this administrative committee.

Commenting on the indirect ceasefire and prisoner exchange negotiations between Hamas and Israel, al-Hayya stated: “There will be no prisoner exchange until the Israeli genocide stops. This is an interconnected equation. We are very clear on this: we want this aggression to end. These attacks must cease before any prisoner exchange can take place.”

Al-Hayya added that Hamas remains ready for a ceasefire agreement but emphasized that Israel must demonstrate genuine willingness to proceed. “We are engaging with mediating countries to advance ceasefire negotiations. However, Netanyahu is hindering progress in these talks for political reasons,” he said.

Since the escalation of violence on October 7, 2023, indirect negotiations between the parties have continued, with countries like Qatar mediating ceasefire and prisoner exchange agreements. Both the United States and Egypt have played supporting roles in these efforts.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has faced criticism domestically and from the international community for failing to secure a prisoner exchange agreement with Hamas. Analysts highlight those additional conditions introduced by Israel, particularly its insistence on maintaining control over the Egypt-Gaza border and the Philadelphi Corridor, have further complicated the negotiations.

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