Connect with us

Europe

Ukraine reburies OUN leader Melnyk as Poland and Israel condemn honoring of wartime nationalist figures

Published

on

Last week, the remains of Nazi collaborator Andriy Melnyk were transferred from Luxembourg to Ukraine and reburied in the presence of President Volodymyr Zelenskyy.

Melnyk led OUN(M), the Melnyk faction of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists, whose members collaborated with Nazi Germany and many of whom later joined the Waffen-SS Galicia Division.

Zelenskyy also awarded the title “Heroes of the UPA” to a Ukrainian special forces unit. During World War II, the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) was responsible for the killing of approximately 100,000 Poles and numerous Jews.

The moves triggered protests from Poland and Israel, while the German government chose to remain silent.

Kyiv is now planning to establish a “Pantheon of Distinguished Ukrainians” and intends to rebury additional Nazi collaborators as part of the initiative.

Discussions are reportedly underway regarding the transfer of the remains of two individuals buried in Munich. German authorities would be required to approve such transfers.

Nazi collaborator “heroes” of Ukrainian nationalism

The state-sponsored honoring of Nazi collaborators is not a new phenomenon in Ukraine. The process began during the presidency of the pro-Western President Viktor Yushchenko between 2005 and 2010.

In 2007, Yushchenko awarded Roman Shukhevych the title of “Hero of Ukraine,” followed by Stepan Bandera in 2010.

Shukhevych was one of the leaders of the UPA and continued the underground struggle against the Soviet Union even after 1945.

Bandera led OUN(B), a rival faction to Melnyk’s OUN(M), and was assassinated by the Soviet Union in Munich in 1959.

Following the pro-Western change of power in Kyiv in February 2014, the glorification of these Nazi collaborators intensified.

In April 2015, the Ukrainian parliament classified members of the OUN and UPA as “fighters for Ukraine’s independence.” Since then, under parliamentary legislation, questioning the “legitimacy” of their struggle for Ukrainian independence has been prohibited.

Since 2015, October 14, the anniversary of the UPA’s founding, has also been celebrated as a national holiday.

The role of Ukrainian nationalists in the Waffen-SS Galicia Division

The rehabilitation of Ukrainian Nazi collaborators is currently gaining new momentum.

Melnyk’s remains were exhumed in Luxembourg on May 19, transported to Kyiv, and subsequently reburied during a state ceremony at the National Military Memorial Cemetery near the Ukrainian capital.

The ceremony was attended by Zelenskyy and Kyrylo Budanov, who has served as head of the Presidential Office since earlier this year and is reported to have been a driving force behind the initiative.

Melnyk and OUN(M) closely cooperated with the Nazi Reich in pursuit of separating Ukraine from the Soviet Union and transforming it into an authoritarian state modeled on fascism.

However, when they attempted to establish a Ukrainian state following the invasion of the Soviet Union, Nazi authorities opposed the effort and arrested Melnyk.

Members of OUN(M) played a key role in the formation of the 14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Galician), commonly known as the Waffen-SS Galicia Division.

The division was involved in massacres of the Polish population in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia, resulting in the deaths of thousands of people.

Crimes against Poles and Jews

The UPA was responsible for the majority of the deaths in the massacres carried out in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia from February 1943 until the end of the war, during which nearly 100,000 Polish civilians were killed.

Unlike the Waffen-SS Galicia Division, the UPA primarily recruited its members from OUN(B).

Among them were individuals who had previously participated in pogroms and massacres against Jewish populations in the occupied Soviet Union, including in Lemberg, now Lviv, in late June 1941. There, OUN militias, acting alongside German occupiers, killed approximately 4,000 Jews.

Beginning in 1943, the UPA’s massacres of Polish civilians in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia were aimed at creating an exclusively Ukrainian territory in which a postwar Ukrainian state could be established.

Numerous Jews also became victims of UPA massacres, bringing Ukrainian militias into participation in the genocide.

Last Tuesday, a decree entered into force granting a unit of Ukraine’s Special Operations Forces the honorary title “Heroes of the UPA.”

According to Zelenskyy, the decision was intended to “revive the historical traditions of the national armed forces.”

Protests from Israel and Poland

The reburial of Melnyk and the awarding of the “Heroes of the UPA” title to a special forces unit sparked international protests.

In a statement, Israel’s Foreign Ministry said it viewed “with regret” the decision to hold an official state funeral for Melnyk, whom it described as an “OUN leader who collaborated with the Nazis.” The ministry added that there should be “no room for ignoring historical truth and the memory of victims murdered by the Nazis and their collaborators.”

The Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial described Melnyk’s reburial as “a source of deep concern” and argued that honoring “the leader of a movement that supported Nazi Germany during the period when millions of Jews were persecuted and murdered” would undermine the “moral integrity” essential to Holocaust remembrance.

The renewed honoring of the UPA has provoked particular anger in Poland. On May 28, the Foreign Ministry informed Ukraine’s ambassador that it viewed the measure with “deep dissatisfaction.”

On May 29, Poland’s chargé d’affaires in Kyiv reiterated that position during a meeting at Ukraine’s Foreign Ministry.

Also on May 29, Polish President Karol Nawrocki announced that he would seek to strip Zelenskyy of the Order of the White Eagle.

Zelenskyy received the decoration, Poland’s highest state honor, in April 2023. Then-President Andrzej Duda said Zelenskyy had earned the award as an “exceptional figure” who “did not abandon his country during the most difficult period in Ukraine’s history.”

A decision regarding the withdrawal of the award is expected in Warsaw next Monday.

Prime Minister Donald Tusk is currently attempting to defuse tensions. In doing so, critics argue that he is downplaying the mass crimes committed by the OUN and UPA.

Speaking last weekend, Tusk said Poland and Ukraine shared a common enemy, referring to Russia.

According to Tusk, if a dispute over “historical emotions” were allowed to escalate, “Moscow would have reason to rejoice,” and such an outcome should be avoided.

Germany silent over honoring of Nazi collaborators

While protests have come from countries where relatives and descendants of victims of Ukrainian Nazi collaborators reside, no reaction has emerged from the German government, which frequently presents itself as one of Ukraine’s strongest supporters.

Among those expressing disappointment is Ukrainian Holocaust researcher Marta Havryshko. She described Melnyk’s reburial as “an insult to everyone who once believed that the slogan ‘Never Again’ still had meaning in today’s Ukraine.”

It is becoming increasingly clear that German authorities may soon be involved in similar initiatives. According to reports, the Kyiv government plans to establish a “Pantheon of Distinguished Ukrainians” intended to serve as a “special place for strengthening the values of the Ukrainian people.”

Preparations are currently underway for the exhumation and transfer of the remains of other Ukrainian nationalists. The transfer of the remains of OUN founder Yevhen Konovalets, who is buried in Rotterdam, has already been approved.

The reburial of Yaroslav Stetsko, who continued to lead the OUN from exile in West Germany after the end of World War II, as well as OUN(B) leader Stepan Bandera, is also being considered.

Stetsko and Bandera are buried at Munich’s Waldfriedhof cemetery. The transfer of their remains would require approval from German government authorities.

Europe

Mutual accusations of blackmail and assault overshadow AfD state election congress in Germany

Published

on

The Alternative for Germany (AfD) state congress in North Rhine-Westphalia ended in chaos on Sunday.

During the selection of the 22nd position on the candidate list for next year’s state elections, delegates aligned with the far-right Bundestag member Matthias Helferich proposed more than 100 candidates. This move was reportedly designed to block the vote in the town of Marl, halting progress on the list to force negotiations for subsequent positions.

Earlier in the candidate selection process, supporters of State Co-Chairman and lead candidate Martin Vincentz, who represents the moderate wing of the party, had prevailed. The defeat of Zacharias Schalley—a figure close to Helferich—by a candidate from the Vincentz camp triggered significant discontent within the radical wing of the party. Representing approximately 40% of the delegates, Helferich’s supporters reportedly demanded strong representation in the next state parliamentary group.

During the congress, Helferich claimed that Bundestag member Knuth Meyer-Soltau, a member of the Vincentz camp, physically assaulted him. Speaking to the newspaper WELT on Sunday, the 37-year-old Helferich described the incident:

“Meyer-Soltau was passing by the row where I was sitting. He was arguing with another member. When he turned back, while I was sitting in my chair, he shouldered me and shouted, ‘Shut up, you idiot!'”

Helferich added: “I do not know if he wanted to knock me out of my chair. However, because he insulted me in anger, I cannot rule out the possibility that this was a deliberate attack.”

An email exchange sent to the federal executive board and state management revealed that Helferich filed a criminal complaint on Monday.

“Meyer-Soltau hit my chair and my body, either intentionally or through negligence”

In the complaint filed by Helferich, he stated: “Meyer-Soltau hit my chair and my upper body hard, either intentionally or through negligence; I was only able to avoid falling by holding onto the edge of the table.” The complaint also named two witnesses.

In his letter to the party leadership, Helferich wrote: “Since numerous similar incidents of electoral law significance occurred at the state election congress, I believe the duty to maintain party order falls to the Federal Executive Board.”

Meyer-Soltau, a 61-year-old lawyer like Helferich, denied the allegations. Speaking to WELT on Sunday, the lawmaker said: “I reject the accusation being made.”

Meyer-Soltau suggested that Helferich viewed him as a powerful opponent because he had previously acted as the negotiator for the state executive board in the party’s expulsion proceedings against Helferich before the Federal Arbitration Court. The party court recently rejected the expulsion request.

“It is clear that this situation has not had a positive impact on our relationship,” Meyer-Soltau said. “Mr. Helferich, having suffered a heavy defeat at the nomination meeting, is clearly seeking satisfaction through other means. I will hand the matter over to my lawyer and take legal action.”

A letter sent to Helferich by Meyer-Soltau’s lawyer, which was leaked to the press, stated: “My client has never insulted you or physically assaulted you.” The letter demanded that Helferich cease repeating the claim and sign a cease-and-desist declaration carrying a contractual penalty.

Additionally, Meyer-Soltau’s lawyer filed a criminal complaint with the Dortmund Prosecutor’s Office for defamation. The petition submitted to the prosecutor’s office stated: “The accusation of physical assault is highly defamatory, calculated to permanently damage my client’s public reputation, and socially discredit him.”

Allegations of blackmail made against delegates at the congress

Allegations of threats against delegates also emerged at the state congress in Marl. Helferich ran against Klaus Esser, a close associate of Vincentz, for the 13th position on the candidate list. Esser, who needed just one vote to be elected in the first round, only secured a majority in the second round of voting.

Following the announcement of the results, a delegate took the stage to claim that before the second round, a state executive board member from the Vincentz camp went to the rows of the Wuppertal district association and threatened that a state lawmaker from Wuppertal would be expelled from the parliamentary group if the necessary votes for Esser were not delivered. The delegate announced that a complaint would be filed regarding the matter.

A spokesperson for AfD Co-Leader Alice Weidel told the media outlet “The Pioneer”: “Weidel does not approve of this situation. Such things must not happen.”

Other allegations of threats were voiced through the hall microphones during the congress. One delegate claimed that a candidate had been threatened by a district councilor and a district chairman.

“He was told that if he did not withdraw his candidacy, he would have no future in this party. There are numerous witnesses who can confirm this,” the delegate asserted.

Another delegate reported that a young woman was pressured by a district chairman who asked whether she would “lend herself to this game and submit to blackmail,” warning her that the situation would have “consequences for her in the district association.”

Marco Vogt, the Deputy Chairman of the Düsseldorf AfD and an ally of Helferich, said during his candidacy speech that young members who participated in the list disruptions had been threatened by their employers present in the hall.

Another candidate, a municipal councilor from Würselen, stated that a district administrator from the Aachen region had issued an implicit threat, telling him he would make many enemies in his own association if he did not withdraw his candidacy.

Candidate Leon Biallawons directly targeted lawmaker Knuth Meyer-Soltau, saying: “I tell you clearly, dear Knuth, I will not allow myself to be threatened by you. Because, dear Knuth, it is not you but the grassroots who will decide who succeeds in this party, and the grassroots will assert their will in the long term.”

Meyer-Soltau declined to comment on these allegations, stating: “I do not wish to comment on such baseless claims.”

Other tactics were used to slow down the proceedings at Sunday’s congress. One delegate requested a 30-minute recess because “there is an ice cream truck outside,” though this request was rejected. The convention manager, Julian Flak, was heard calling out to a delegate: “Take that garden furniture outside immediately!”

A message shared on Saturday in a chat group close to Vincentz stated that the “self-proclaimed patriotic group” had threatened to completely block the congress. It was alleged that the core group led by Helferich planned to deliberately disrupt the flow of the congress to force their opponents to the negotiating table.

Weidel accused of undermining efforts in chat group

On Sunday, in the same chat group, it was written that the sabotage action was being coordinated by Federal Deputy Chairman Sven Tritschler and Helferich. The message claimed that Tritschler had discussed the move with “his boss Alice Merkel”—a reference to AfD leader Alice Weidel. “This is a clear operation of attrition. We will not bow to an Alice Merkel,” the message read.

By Monday night, the ballot for the 22nd list position contained the names of 81 candidates. Some individuals who announced their candidacies withdrew before speaking. The results are expected to be announced next weekend.

The North Rhine-Westphalia AfD association has allocated a total of four weekends for candidate selection meetings. With the party projected by public opinion polls to win between 30 and 40 seats in the state parliament, competition for the top spots on the list remains intense.

An article titled “AfD-NRW Grassroots Resist Cartel Partyization,” published Monday on a Telegram channel close to Helferich, described the events as a “heroic act” and an “impressive reaction of an alert, idealistic grassroots.” The mass candidacy process was characterized as a “combination of Carl Schmitt’s partisan theory with a democratic liberation move unprecedented in AfD history.”

The article argued that if lead candidate Vincentz wants to translate polling success into a strong election result, he must unify the party by granting Helferich’s supporters viable, electable positions on the list.

Continue Reading

Europe

EIB to unveil 15 billion euro tech initiative to scale European startups

Published

on

The European Investment Bank (EIB) will announce a €15 billion initiative today, in collaboration with EU capitals and private investors, aimed at supporting the growth of European technology companies.

For decades, startups on the continent have struggled to raise the large-scale funding rounds necessary to scale on this side of the Atlantic, frequently turning to US investors or relocating abroad as they expand.

“We are catching up. Now we need to accelerate,” EIB President Nadia Calviño said.

Under the existing European Tech Champions Initiative, the EIB had already pooled resources with six EU governments to establish funds that invest in high-growth companies across the EU.

Calviño described the initiative as “very successful,” noting that it has supported 12 European “unicorn” companies valued at over $1 billion, including the German artificial intelligence translation firm DeepL.

The bank is now expanding the program with a new phase nearly four times the size of the original.

Twenty-five EU governments, alongside private investors such as Santander and Danske Bank, are expected to participate in the program.

This initial €15 billion aims to mobilize up to €80 billion in total investment. Calviño stated that this estimate is based on the multiplier effects achieved under previous programs.

As part of these efforts, the EIB also aims to attract European pension funds, which manage immense pools of capital but have historically allocated fewer resources to technology investments compared to their US counterparts.

In addition to the new funding, Calviño noted that the EIB will create a platform providing a single point of access for existing European scale-up initiatives, including the European Commission’s Scaleup Europe Fund, France’s Tibi initiative, and Germany’s Win initiative.

Continue Reading

Europe

Germany to purchase US Tomahawk missiles to build own long-range strike capability

Published

on

Germany will purchase Tomahawk cruise missiles from the United States and deploy them on German territory, Chancellor Friedrich Merz announced on Thursday.

The move marks a shift away from planned US deployments and toward Germany establishing its own long-range strike capability.

Merz told lawmakers that he finalized the agreement with the US government during the NATO summit in Ankara, adding that the talks held on Tuesday and Wednesday had exceeded his expectations.

“While we close a critical strategic gap in our defense, we are also working to develop our own European systems and deploy them in Europe,” the Chancellor said.

According to German government sources, Washington committed in a letter of intent signed on Tuesday to approve Germany’s acquisition of Tomahawk missiles and their land-based Typhon launchers in August.

The number of missiles and launchers Germany plans to purchase was not disclosed because the information is classified.

The planned acquisition appears aligned with US President Donald Trump’s pressure on European allies to cover their own security costs, such as by purchasing US weapons.

The fate of the Tomahawk procurement had become uncertain after Trump announced in May that he would reduce the US military presence in Germany.

That development was seen as a cancellation of a plan made under the previous administration to deploy a US battalion equipped with long-range Tomahawk missiles to Germany.

That original plan was designed as a temporary solution to serve as a strong deterrent against Russia while Europeans developed their own versions of such weapons.

Germany produces its own cruise missile, the Taurus, but its range of approximately 311 miles is three to five times shorter than that of the Tomahawk missiles.

Continue Reading

MOST READ

Turkey