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MIDDLE EAST

EU and US pile on pressure for Gaza ceasefire

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In a first, EU leaders have called for a ceasefire in Gaza, while a US draft resolution calling for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza linked to the release of all prisoners will be put to a vote in the UN Security Council today. Arab ministers met in Cairo with US Secretary of State Blinken, who is on a tour of the Middle East, to discuss the need for a ceasefire in Gaza, followed by a period of concrete action towards a two-state political solution. Blinken reportedly urged Qatar to threaten to expel Hamas from Doha if it did not agree to a prisoner exchange.

European Union (EU) leaders ended five months of deep divisions at the Middle East session of their summit in Brussels, adopting a joint statement on Gaza.

“The European Council calls for an immediate ‘humanitarian pause’ to allow for a durable ceasefire, the unconditional release of all prisoners and the delivery of humanitarian aid,” the statement said, expressing dismay at the unprecedented civilian casualties and critical humanitarian situation in Gaza.

“The European Council is deeply concerned about the dire humanitarian situation in Gaza and its disproportionate impact on the civilian population, in particular children, and the risk of imminent famine,” it said.

It stressed that full, rapid, safe and unhindered humanitarian access to Gaza by all routes is essential for the large-scale delivery of life-saving assistance and essential services to the civilian population. “Urgent measures must be taken to prevent further population displacement and to provide safe shelter for the population to ensure that civilians are protected at all times,” the statement said.

Call to refrain from attacks on Rafah

The statement called on Israel to refrain from ground attacks that would worsen the already dire humanitarian situation in Rafah and prevent the delivery of urgently needed basic services and humanitarian aid.

Stressing the importance of respecting and implementing the legally binding decision of the International Court of Justice of 26 January, the statement said that violations of international humanitarian law must be thoroughly and independently investigated and accountability ensured.

The statement noted the vital role of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA).

West Bank and East Jerusalem

“The EU calls for an immediate end to violence in the West Bank and East Jerusalem and for safe access to holy sites. The European Council strongly condemns the violence perpetrated by extremist settlers”.

It condemned Israel’s decision to further expand illegal settlements in the occupied West Bank and called for this decision to be reversed.

On the other hand, Arab ministers conveyed their views on the ceasefire and political solution in Gaza to US Secretary of State Antony Blinken, who visited Egypt as part of his Middle East tour.

According to a written statement issued by the Egyptian Foreign Ministry, Blinken met in Cairo with Egyptian Foreign Minister Samih Shukri, Saudi Foreign Minister Faisal bin Farhan, Qatari Foreign Minister Mohammed bin Abdurrahman, Jordanian Foreign Minister Ayman al-Safedi, United Arab Emirates (UAE) Minister of State for International Cooperation Affairs Rim al-Hashemi, and Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO) Executive Committee Secretary-General Hussein al-Sheikh.

During the meeting, the crisis in Gaza and efforts to reach a ceasefire were discussed, and the rejection of attempts to liquidate the Palestinian issue or force the Palestinians to emigrate and the attack on Rafah were stressed. They also stressed the inevitability of a two-state solution and the establishment of a Palestinian state. The Arab ministers told Blinken that a ceasefire must be achieved in Gaza, followed by a phase of concrete actions aimed at a political solution through the two-state formula.

The meeting agreed to convene an urgent meeting of experts from the participating countries in the coming days to identify concrete and coordinated steps to resolve the humanitarian crisis in Gaza.

On the other hand, according to CNN, US officials said that Blinken sent a message to Hamas that it risked being expelled from Doha, where its senior members are based, unless it agreed to a hostage swap and a ceasefire deal to end the conflict in Gaza.

The message was delivered by Blinken to Qatari Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Mohammed bin Abdurrahman Al Thani at a meeting in Washington on 5 March, officials said.

US officials said Qatar, which has played a mediating role with Washington in efforts to reach a ceasefire agreement, “understood the message and showed no major reaction”.

It was not known whether Qatari officials had relayed the warning to Hamas leaders.

The US, Qatar and Egypt are mediating a prisoner swap and ceasefire deal between Hamas and Israel.

US draft resolution to be voted on at UNSC

The UN Security Council (UNSC) is scheduled to vote today on a draft resolution that the US has been negotiating for some time.

The draft resolution, seen by AA, condemns all forms of terrorism and commends the initiatives taken by Egypt and Qatar.

Noting the importance of turning the ceasefire into a sustainable one, the draft resolution states that “Hamas and other terrorist and extremist groups do not represent the Palestinian people” and that Hamas “has been declared a terrorist organisation by some member states”.

Stressing that Gaza is part of the territories occupied in 1967, the draft resolution supports a two-state solution.

“It is important to achieve an immediate and durable ceasefire in order to protect civilians on all sides, to provide necessary humanitarian assistance, to alleviate suffering and to ensure that this ceasefire is accompanied by the release of all remaining prisoners,” the draft resolution says.

Noting that the ceasefire should be seen as an opportunity to create conditions for a more sustainable cessation of hostilities, the draft resolution calls for intensified diplomatic efforts in this direction.

The draft resolution calls on all parties to abide by international law and humanitarian law, and calls for the protection of civilians and civilian infrastructure and the provision of humanitarian access.

The draft resolution opposes the forcible transfer of civilians in Gaza, stating that this would violate international law, international humanitarian law and international human rights law.

Elected members of the UN Security Council also prepare draft resolution

The 10 elected members of the UN Security Council are also preparing a draft resolution on the situation in Gaza.

The text, known as the “E-10” draft resolution, calls for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza during Ramadan. The draft resolution, which calls for the immediate and unconditional release of all prisoners, also calls for the distribution of humanitarian aid should be increased and obstacles removed.

On the other hand, France, which has been convening the UN Security Council for two weeks in a closed session on Gaza, is also preparing a draft resolution.

It is said that the French draft resolution will focus on a permanent ceasefire.

Negotiations continue in Doha

Meanwhile, an Israeli delegation led by Mossad chief David Barnea will travel today to Qatar, where negotiations on a prisoner swap between Hamas and Israel are continuing.

According to a statement released by the Israeli Prime Minister’s Press Office, the Israeli delegation led by Barnea, who was authorised to travel to Doha by Israeli Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu, will meet with CIA Director William (Bill) Burns, Qatari Prime Minister Mohammed bin Abdurrahman Al Thani and Egyptian intelligence chief Abbas Kamil to discuss the release of prisoners.

It is noteworthy that the visit coincides with the arrival of US Secretary of State Antony Blinken in Israel tomorrow after his visits to Saudi Arabia and Egypt.

The Israeli delegation led by Barnea went to Doha, the capital of Qatar, on 18 March for a new round of negotiations on the release of the prisoners.

The Israeli press announced that the prisoner exchange negotiations between Hamas and Tel Aviv officially started with the arrival of the Israeli delegation led by the head of Mossad in Doha.

The Israeli delegation was said to include Nitzan Alon, who was abducted by the Israeli army and was in charge of the missing persons file.

The news on Israel’s Channel 12 television said that the negotiations could last for about two weeks.

The Israeli press reported that Mossad chief Barnea, who headed the Tel Aviv delegation, returned to his country on 19 March and met with the government and war cabinet the following day.

MIDDLE EAST

Floods in Afghanistan leave over 300 dead and survivors with no home

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At least 315 people have lost their lives, thousands of homes were damaged and livestock wiped out during the recent flash floods caused by heavy rain in northern Afghanistan.

Taliban authorities announced that over 1,600 people were wounded and the villagers buried their dead and aid agencies scrambling to help the survivors. “The death toll has exceeded 300, and sadly, we expect this number to rise. The flood has also destroyed more than 2,000 homes,” the UN’s International Organization for Migration (IOM) said on X.

Most of the casualties were reported in the northern Baghlan province where the floods destroyed 3,000 homes, damaged farmland, and washed away livestock. People are in desperate need as the deadly flood also damaged health centers.

Taliban’s Deputy Prime Minister for Economic Affairs, Abdul Ghani Baradar had visited Baghlan and met with the victims. He called on the aid organizations and the traders to help the affected people and the residents are in a deep shock as they buried dozens of bodies. The most of the victims are from Nahrin district

We have not food and no drinking water 

“We have no food, no drinking water and no shelter or blankets,” said Najibullah, who has lost nine members of his family. Three children are among the casualties.

The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) said that heavy rainfall and flash floods affected 21 districts across Badakhshan, Baghlan, and Takhar provinces.

At least 73 people have lost their lives and 76 others were wounded in Baghlani Jadid district where 1,500 houses have been damaged or destroyed. “In Burka district, 70 deaths and 150 injuries have been confirmed, along with damage to 5,000 homes. Elsewhere, 13 deaths were reported across Dahnai Ghori,  Guzargah Noor, Jelga, Narin and Puli Khumri districts where 1,612 homes were reportedly destroyed or damaged. A further 603 homes were reported as such in Khost and Tala wa Barfak  districts,” it said in a statement.

Afghan relatives offer prayers during a burial ceremony, near the graves of victims who lost their lives following flash floods after heavy rainfall at a village in Baghlan-e-Markazi district of Baghlan province.

At least 24 people were reportedly killed across Chall, Ishkamish, Farkhar and Namak Ab districts in Takhar province, with 14 injured and a further seven missing. More than one hundred homes were also reportedly destroyed or damaged – the vast majority in Chall and Ishkamish districts.

Baghlan, Badakhshan and Takhar provinces are affected the most

In Badakhshan province, Teshkan district has been the most affected with 200 homes, 50 bridges and 30 electricity dams destroyed or damaged and 2,000 animals killed.

“With every beat of our hearts, we feel the deep sorrow that’s befallen Baghlan and all of Afghanistan. In this tragic time, our spirits reach out to embrace the families in mourning,” the International Labour Organization (ILIO) covering Afghanistan said in X.

UN Special Rapporteur Richard Bennett, said that “recent floods in Afghanistan including Baghlan which claimed many lives, are a stark reminder of Afghanistan’s vulnerability to the climate crisis and both immediate aid and long term planning by the Taliban and international actors are needed”.

Recent floods are stark reminder of Afghanistan’s vulnerability to the climate crisis 

Indrika Ratwatte, deputy special representative of UNAMA for Afghanistan said that the country has remained amongst the world’s top 10 climate impacted countries while having no significant carbon footprint. “Climate shocks continue to ravage vulnerable communities. Urgent support for climate adaptation and mitigation for the people of Afghanistan is a critical need,” he added.

He furthered that Afghanistan Humanitarian Fund (AHF) will remain the main funding platform for providing life saving humanitarian assistance to millions. The international community needs to step up and support this critical lifeline for the people of Afghanistan, he added.

At the same time the World Health Organization’s Director-General, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said that WHO and its partners have deployed 17 mobile health teams to assist flood victims in Afghanistan.

In a post on X, Tedros emphasized that the recent floods resulted in more than 300 deaths and caused extensive damage to homes and health facilities.

“We are providing essential medicines and medical supplies to the affected communities,” he added.

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MIDDLE EAST

‘Israel sends its diplomats back to Turkey’

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According to a report by Ragıp Soylu of the British news agency Middle East Eye, citing Israeli sources, Israel has started to gradually send its diplomats back to Turkey as of this month.

After 7 October, Israel, which began attacks in Gaza and faced fierce protests in the countries of the region as the intensity of its attacks increased, withdrew all its diplomats in the region, including Turkey, for security reasons.

Israeli sources told Middle East Eye that Israel began returning its diplomats from Turkey earlier this month, six months after withdrawing them. According to the report, a Turkish official confirmed that Israeli diplomats had returned to their posts.

The report noted that Israel’s move to repatriate the diplomats came after Ankara completely cut off trade with Israel.

Turkey and Israel had downgraded their diplomatic relations to the level of charge d’affaires, reducing diplomatic and political contacts to zero, due to tensions that began in 2018 when the US recognised Jerusalem as Israel’s capital and moved its embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem.

However, last year, in line with the main trend in the region, steps were taken to normalise relations and reciprocal ambassadors were appointed. 7 October and the subsequent Israeli attacks on Gaza interrupted this trend.

In the first days after 7 October, Turkey adopted a more balanced discourse, but after Israel’s attack on the Al-Ahli hospital, Turkey began to harden its tone. Erdoğan accused Israel, which he blamed for the attack, of carrying out attacks ‘bordering on genocide’.

Israeli diplomats serving in Turkey, including Israeli Ambassador to Ankara Irit Lillian, decided to leave Turkey for “security reasons” after protests outside the embassy and consulate intensified on 19 October.

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MIDDLE EAST

Israelis take to the streets to demand a ceasefire

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Israeli citizens demonstrated in several locations to demand that their government sign the Gaza ceasefire and prisoner exchange agreement.

A group of about 1,500 people gathered in Habima Square in central Tel Aviv at the call of the We Stand Together NGO, which brings together Israelis and Palestinians. The demonstrators carried banners, posters and placards with messages such as “Children in Rafah and children in Israel”, “Enough with the death of children”, “Deal now”, “Bring the prisoners home”, “Right now”, “Only peace will bring security”, “End half a year of hell”.

In his speech, Palestinian-born Israeli MP Ahmad Tibi accused Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of not supporting a ceasefire for fear of losing his seat.

Prisoners’ relatives block the road

Relatives of Israeli prisoners in Gaza and their supporters gathered in the evening on Menachem Begin Street in front of the Ministry of Defence building in Tel Aviv.

The group of hundreds of Israelis carried banners and placards reading “Murderers”, “No price is too high for prisoners”, “Enough is enough”, “Attack on Rafah = killing prisoners” and pictures of Israeli prisoners in Gaza.

Israelis chanted “Bring them all”, “Deal now”, “Deal on the table, sign it”.

Israeli police closed Menachem Begin Street to traffic. Relatives of Israeli prisoners faced police obstructions as they marched from Begin Street to Kaplan Street. Scuffles broke out between the Israeli police and the demonstrators. The demonstrators closed Kaplan Street to one-way traffic for a while and long queues of vehicles formed.

Israelis marched around the Ministry of Defence building.

On the other hand, relatives of Israeli prisoners marched from the Israeli Supreme Court in West Jerusalem to the parliament building.

The demonstrators carried an empty coffin representing their relatives who died in the ongoing clashes in Gaza and have not yet been buried.

Carrying banners calling for the release of Israeli prisoners, the demonstrators chanted “We will not rest until they are all brought back to life, healed or buried in Israeli graves”.

At times, Israeli police intervened with the demonstrators and scuffles broke out.The police arrested two people.

Hamas approves ceasefire proposal

Ismail Haniyeh, the head of the political bureau of the Hamas movement, has informed Qatar and Egypt that he has accepted their proposals for a ceasefire agreement in the Gaza Strip. After Hamas announced its acceptance of the “ceasefire proposals” put forward by Qatar and Egypt, the Israeli war cabinet decided to continue the attacks in Rafah. On 7 May, the Israeli army launched a ground assault east of Rafah and took control of the Palestinian side of the Rafah border crossing with Egypt.

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