America
Stoltenberg on the Arctic: Strategic for NATO
NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg will visit Canada and Canadian Arctic with an agenda for Ukraine, climate change, and Arctic defence. The tour is particularly noteworthy as it represents the first visit by a NATO secretary general to the Canadian Arctic since NATO was founded in 1949.
Canada, the second largest border state in the region after Russia, has long opposed NATO involvement in the Arctic, which included even vetoing a statement on the Alliance’s role in the Arctic during a major summit in 2009. There are various opinions on the reasons why. There are those who are concerned about militarizing the Arctic and provoking Russia, as well as those who do not want non-North Alliance members such as Italy and Spain to have a say in the Arctic. But Canada wants to preserve its essentially exclusive economic territory. Moreover, the sea ice has been melting in the Northwest passage through Canadian Arctic due to climate change, and it will potentially be fully open and navigable by 2040. This means changes in routes and marine traffic in international waters. There are those who do not want to share this advantage, as well as those who argue that this will create new security requirements and thus increase the need for the Alliance.
However, the US is trying to completely change Canada’s attitude by using the Ukrainian war and the existence of Russia and China as an excuse.
Andrea Charron, an expert on North American security at the University of Manitoba, spoke to Canadian press about Stoltenberg’s visit: “It’s more of a sign of continued solidarity between NATO’s members as opposed to an actual signal that they are opening the door to NATO exercises in the Canadian Arctic.”
For some, the visit represents an easing of past reluctance to work with NATO on the Arctic.
NATO seeks to improve its defence against China and Russia in North America and expand its position in the Arctic. Finland and Sweden’s integration into NATO is also important in the Arctic context.

‘Russia and China Threats’
Just before his visit to Canada, the NATO Secretary General wrote an article underlining the Alliance’s Arctic defence policy.
Stoltenberg underlined the region’s strategic importance for Euro-Atlantic security and noted that the shortest path to North America for Russian missiles would be over the North Pole.
Stoltenberg stressed that the North Pole will be rapidly ice-free due to climate change, and this will unlock opportunities for shipping routes, natural resources, and economic development, also pointed out Russia and China for increasing the risk of tension.
Stoltenberg note that Russia has significantly increased its military activities in recent years and set up a new Arctic Command, describing Russia’s activities as a “strategic challenge” to the Alliance.
China has declared itself as a ‘near-Arctic state’ and “is expanding its reach by planning a “Polar Silk Road” linking Beijing to Europe via the Arctic, it is rapidly strengthening its navy, with plans to build the world’s biggest icebreaker vessel. China is also investing tens of billions of dollars in energy, infrastructure and research projects in the region” told the NATO Secretary General.
“Earlier this year, Beijing and Moscow pledged to intensify practical co-operation in the Arctic, as part of a deepening strategic partnership that challenges our values and interests,” Stoltenberg said, citing Beijing and Moscow’s collaboration.
‘Finland and Sweden’s membership is critical for the region’
Describing the Arctic as the “the gateway to the North Atlantic, hosting vital trade, transport and communication links between North America and Europe” Stoltenberg said: “Once Finland and Sweden join the Alliance, seven out of the eight Arctic states (Russia, the United States, Denmark, Canada, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Iceland) will be members of NATO. Finland and Sweden’s membership will significantly enhance our posture in the High North and our ability to reinforce our Baltic Allies.”
Arctic geopolitics appears to be at the heart of Sweden’s and Finland’s insistence on NATO membership.
Stoltenberg signs that NATO will secure and militarize the Arctic region, citing it as one of the key areas of competition with China and Russia. NATO, which declared China and Russia a threat at the ‘historic summit’ in Madrid, considers the cooperation of both countries a threat to their interests. In his article, Stoltenberg highlights Beijing-Moscow cooperation in the Arctic, presenting the Alliance to North America as a security need for the Arctic.
Time will tell whether Canada, which has so far opposed the Arctic becoming a NATO agenda, will resist this further after NATO Secretary General’s visit.
Geopolitics of the Arctic
Increasing interest in the Arctic basin stems from the potential for new hydrocarbon and mineral reserves, sea transport routes and fishing in the region soon as glaciers melt due to climate change.
The United States, which stands out with its 48 trillion cubic meters of natural gas and 90 billion barrels of oil reserves, also sees the region as geostrategic in terms of surrounding Russia. By contrast, a new maritime doctrine signed by Putin explicitly challenges Russia being surrounded through the Arctic Ocean. Pointing out that the Arctic waters are a concern of Russia’s national interests in the new doctrine, Putin emphasized that “We will ensure their [Arctic waters] protection firmly and by all means”. The northern route began to gain importance as part of Beijing’s “New Silk Road” project. Because the opening of the Arctic due to melting glaciers will dramatically shorten the distance between Asia and Europe and create new commercial opportunities for China.
With its location and energy resources, the Arctic region is likely to become more prominent as one of the new areas of competition between NATO and Russia-China forces.
America
Musk appointed co-director of Pentagon future warfare initiative
The world’s richest man, Elon Musk, has assumed the co-directorship of a Pentagon initiative focused on the future of warfare, known as “Project Meridian”.
Musk’s new role was announced by US Secretary of Defence Pete Hegseth.
Musk, who has long expressed his conviction that wars will ultimately be fought with autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles, will advise the project as co-director alongside Palmer Luckey, founder of defence start-up Anduril, and former Speaker of the House of Representatives Newt Gingrich.
In a memorandum issued at the Pentagon, Hegseth stated that the group would “examine the battlefields of the future” and “determine which weapons and technologies warfighters must employ to achieve dominance in these environments.”
During his “State of the Force” address at Marine Corps Base Quantico, Hegseth said:
“The best predictors of future conflict do not reside exclusively within the Pentagon. Obvious biases and risks arise when we task ourselves with both framing the questions and answering them.”
Hegseth stated that this initiative would commence immediately and that, following his address, he would convene with Musk, Luckey, and Gingrich at a secure location.
Project Meridian will have 120 days to “ruthlessly map the trajectory of wars, domains, and technologies”, a process that will culminate in the public disclosure of its findings alongside a classified annex.
Hegseth outlined an expansive mandate extending “from beneath the surface of the Earth to beyond the Moon.”
Rather than formulating new military strategies or policies, the panel will seek to identify “the domains we must seize and the capabilities we must master”, focusing on the effort to “discover, develop, and field” the weapons and systems that next-generation American troops may require.
The group is expected to submit a report containing recommendations to him by the end of January.
In 2024, Musk remarked: “Future wars will be entirely about drones and hypersonic missiles.” This was merely one of several similar statements he has made in recent years.
For Musk, whose oversight role at the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) ended in turmoil and escalated into a dispute with President Donald Trump over Trump’s spending bill, this appointment marks his formal return to government in an official capacity.
Musk and Trump ultimately reconciled, and Musk attended a meeting on artificial intelligence safety at the White House this week alongside other technology leaders.
Meridian forms part of a broader push announced by Hegseth to restructure the military around autonomous warfare and rapidly advancing technologies.
Hegseth announced the establishment of the Autonomous Warfare Command (AUTOWARCOM), a new four-star combatant command endowed with what he termed “service-like authorities” to scale autonomous and robotic capabilities across the joint force.
The Department of War will also begin phasing in new occupational frameworks across all military branches to establish specialised career tracks for what Hegseth described as “the next generation of autonomous warfighters.”
“We should have conceived an Autonomous Warfare Command a decade ago,” Hegseth said, explaining that Meridian aims to gaze far enough ahead to enable the military to anticipate the next technological shift rather than lag behind.
America
Pentagon breach exposes personal records of three million people
A cyberattack targeting the US Department of War’s personnel database has resulted in the leak of personal information belonging to approximately 3 million people.
Speaking to ABC News, a Pentagon official stated that the system accessed by unauthorised individuals contained the records of 2,760,000 living persons and 294,000 deceased individuals.
The Military Times portal, which first broke the news, had reported the number of affected individuals as approximately 4 million based on two sources. The Pentagon official subsequently conveyed different figures to ABC News.
The leak encompasses Social Security numbers and duty information belonging to military personnel and civilian employees. According to an official notification examined by Military Times, the compromised records may also include names, dates of birth, contact information, sex, race, and military occupational specialties.
The unauthorised access to the information system of the Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC) lasted for approximately nine months, between October 2025 and 16 July 2026.
ABC News reported that the access in question was obtained by a small number of third-party users. The vulnerability was closed after it was identified.
The DMDC is considered one of the Pentagon’s primary personnel records centres. More than 60 million records belonging to active-duty personnel, reservists, civilian staff, contractors, retirees, veterans, and military family members are stored at the centre.
The Pentagon has not detected any evidence that the leaked data has been misused. Military Times reported that affected individuals were offered identity restoration and credit history monitoring services.
A similar data breach previously occurred on the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s (FBI) recruitment website, FBIJobs.gov. According to information obtained by ABC News from internal communications and sources, the FBI is considering the possibility that data belonging to its entire staff may have been stolen.
The New York Times (NYT) examined a portion of the stolen FBI records. Home addresses, telephone numbers, official email addresses, Social Security numbers, dates of birth, hiring dates, and emergency contact details for relatives were identified within these documents.
The database also contained unit designations, duty roles, and information regarding the supervisors of personnel. Some records revealed assignments within counterintelligence and counternarcotics units, as well as departments examining threats originating from Russia, China, and Iran.
Ciaran Martin, the former head of the UK National Cyber Security Centre, noted that this type of breach could directly affect the FBI’s operational capabilities.
The hacker group known as ShinyHunters had announced that it had seized medical data and security clearance records alongside files belonging to tens of thousands of active and former FBI employees.
Experts evaluating the matter for the NYT warned that this information could be used to track agents, threaten their families, or compile dossiers by foreign intelligence services.
The ShinyHunters group initially threatened to release the data unless the bureau withdrew an advisory it had published concerning the group’s attack methods.
The group later asserted that it had never intended to leak the information and characterised its action as an advertising campaign.
In a report published in May, Reuters noted that the personal data of US military personnel had been used in surveillance and attack preparations.
According to the agency, Washington’s adversaries gained the ability to pinpoint areas where troops were concentrated by exploiting commercially available location data. US lawmakers at the time criticised the Pentagon for failing to adequately protect the personal data of military personnel.
America
Canada diversifies oil and gas exports away from US
US President Donald Trump’s trade policy and the Washington administration’s push to increase Venezuelan oil imports are prompting Canada to diversify its energy exports.
According to a report by The Wall Street Journal, recent developments are accelerating Canada’s development of new oil and natural gas projects.
Steps taken by the Ottawa administration, which aspires to become an energy superpower, are seen as potentially strengthening the country’s position in global markets.
In Canada, the world’s fourth-largest oil producer and fifth-largest natural gas producer, the energy sector accounts for approximately one-fifth of total exports.
Almost all of the country’s natural gas exports and approximately 90% of its oil exports go to the US.
The newspaper writes that the trade war with Washington and the atmosphere of confrontation entered into with Iran have heightened Canada’s desire to turn to alternative markets outside the US.
Officials plan to increase shipments of oil and liquefied natural gas (LNG) to European and Asian markets.
Accelerating infrastructure investments in line with this target, Canada is also shortening approval processes. The government is prioritising the construction of an oil pipeline extending specifically to the west coast.
According to the newspaper’s estimate, if major pipeline projects are implemented, Canada’s daily oil transport capacity could rise to 6.8 million barrels by 2034.
Routes heading to the west coast will make up approximately 30% of this capacity.
The Canadian administration is simultaneously advancing LNG export projects. According to the report, these investments could allow approximately 55% of Canadian natural gas exports to be directed to markets outside the US by the early or mid-2030s.
While the government expands tax incentives for the oil and natural gas sector, the province of Alberta also plans to overhaul its royalty system.
However, the newspaper notes that implementing the new projects requires heavy investment, and the process depends on the final decisions taken by producers as well as the completion of regulatory approval processes.
The expansion of pipeline and LNG infrastructure could gradually reduce Canada’s dependence on the US market while raising its share in the global energy market.
The Canadian Prime Minister’s demand to reduce reliance on the US market had also come to the fore in July.
According to Carney’s statement, the province of Alberta submitted a plan for a pipeline spanning more than 1,000 kilometres to the west coast of British Columbia.
Targeted for completion by September 2027, the line will reach the Pacific coast by following an existing corridor through the mountainous terrain.
This shift in energy comes at a time of strained relations with the US. Donald Trump said that if Canada obtains associate member status in the European Union, he could halt trade with Europe in certain sectors and impose high tariffs.
As reported by the Associated Press, Trump characterised such a rapprochement as a “potentially hostile act”.
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen had proposed opening the path for Canada to become the EU’s first associate member. The terms of this associate membership status, which is not defined in EU treaties, are not yet clear and require the approval of member states to enter into force.
Canada, which does not seek full membership, aims for maximum rapprochement with the EU.
Following Trump’s return to the White House, relations between Washington and Ottawa deteriorated. The Trump administration, which repeatedly called on Canada to become the “51st state” of the US, introduced additional tariffs.
In July, the US began imposing 50% tariffs on certain Canadian-origin goods.
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