America
Quo Vadis World Economy – I: White Darkness at Davos
A gloomy mood marked this year’s meeting at the rich club Davos. Women were told to take care owing to the explosion of “sex tourism” in Davos, and many millionaires who advocated for vegetarianism and gender equality flew private planes to Switzerland.
Nevertheless, the atmosphere there was dark. Annually released around the time of the Davos Summit, the World Economic Forum (WEF) Global Risk Report presented shocking findings. We are expected to witness social and environmental crises; the cost of living is ranked as the most severe crisis, and “biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse” is viewed as one of the fastest deteriorating global risks.
Inflation could lead to stagflation, the socioeconomic consequences of which could be severe, given an unprecedented interaction with historically high public debt levels. Global economic fragmentation and geopolitical tensions could also contribute to widespread debt distress.
As if that wasn’t bad enough, the report went on to predict that technology would worsen inequality, food and fuel crises exacerbate societal vulnerabilities, and declining investments in human development erode future resilience.
Is there any cause for optimism in this dark scenario? For the WEF, there is.
‘Stakeholder capitalism’
“What kind of capitalism do we want?” was asked by Klaus Schwab, a WEF founder, in his 2019 Davos keynote.
Schwab thinks there are three models/answers to address the crisis.
The first is ‘shareholder capitalism,’ embraced by Western corporations. In this model, a corporation’s primary goal is to maximize its profits.
The second model is “state capitalism,” which entrusts the government with setting the economy’s direction and has risen to prominence in many emerging markets, not least China.
Third, of course, is the way Schwab also proposes, ‘stakeholder capitalism.’ In Schwab’s own words, it is a model he proposed half a century ago, positioning private companies as ‘trustees of society.’
The WEF founder argues that the single-minded focus on profits caused capitalism to become increasingly disconnected from the ‘real economy.’ This form of capitalism is no longer sustainable. Instead, large corporations must cultivate ‘stakeholder capitalism’ along with governments and multilateral organizations.
When discussing the transition from shareholder capitalism to stakeholder capitalism, Schwab emphasized the significance of the ‘Greta Thunberg effect.’ For him, the Swedish climate activist has reminded us that adherence to the current economic system represents a betrayal of future generations. Moreover, Generation Z no longer wants to work for, buy from, or invest in companies that lack values beyond ‘shareholder values.’
Now some facts
The WEF-painted bleak picture and its calls for ‘sustainable’ capitalism are close to the truth.
The 2022 Global Wealth Report by Credit Suisse estimates that global wealth will have increased to $463.6 trillion by the end of 2021. This is almost 4.5 times the total worldwide output.
Furthermore, international wealth climbed by 9.8 percent in 2021, much higher than the average growth rate of 6.8 percent witnessed since the turn of the century.
Behind this enormous jump are rising real estate prices and stock market growth fueled by credit expansion. That is to say, a significant portion of the rise in wealth can be explained by the enrichment of the richer in the world.
Indeed, the report estimates that by 2020, a mere one percent of the global population (56 million individuals) possessed 45.8% of all wealth, while the other 2.9 billion owned just 1.3%. This ratio changed as follows in 2021: What one percent of the population now owns rose to 47.8 percent of all the wealth. The richest 13% has 86 percent of the total wealth.
According to the inequality report by Oxfam, just four cents in every dollar of tax revenue collected globally came from taxes on wealth.
Income tax collection from the wealthiest in OECD countries has decreased from 58 percent (in 1980) to 42 percent now.
This rate drops to 31 percent when the number of countries in the sample is expanded to 100. In the same sampling set, tax on capital income, one of the significant sources of wealth for the top 1%, has an average rate of just 18 percent. Only three countries have a higher tax rate on capital income than on wages.
International institutions are also pessimistic
The warnings of IMF Director Kristalina Georgieva before Davos are worth remembering. According to Georgieva, a third of the world will face a recession in 2023.
The OECD revised down the IMF’s forecast for global GDP growth from 2.7% to 2.2%. Arguing that the growth ‘has lost its momentum,’ the OECD noted that risks are skewed to the downside.
The World Bank went even further, projecting the global growth rate to be at 1.7 percent and growth in per capita income in all regions of the world to be lower than in the pre-COVID decade.
According to the World Bank, by the end of 2024, GDP levels in emerging and developing economies will be roughly 6% below the levels expected before the pandemic.
In the WEF’s Chief Economists Outlook survey, economists are even more pessimistic. 18% of polled chief economists in public and private sectors said that experiencing a global recession this year is ‘extremely likely.’
One-third of economists expect a global recession and anticipate that the United States and Europe will maintain their tight monetary policies.
All surveyed chief economists predict Europe to grow ‘weakly or very weakly’ in 2023. For the US, 91% forecasted ‘weak or very weak growth.’
In last year’s survey, these rates were 86 percent (for Europe) and 64 percent (for the United States).
Nine out of ten respondents agreed that corporations would feel the effects of low demand and high financing costs. At the same time, six out of ten underscored the rising input prices. For these reasons, many chief economists expect multinational corporations to reduce operational costs to cut expenses.
Huge dismissals at tech giants
What the economists polled by the WEF thought about multinational corporations has taken place for a while.
Having seen exorbitant stock rises and announced huge profits during the pandemic, technology giants began to ‘update’ their operational expenses due to the severe drops in their balance sheets last year.
Expanding their workforces in tandem with the growth of online activities during the pandemic period, American multinational monopolies, such as Alphabet (Google), Meta, Amazon, and Microsoft, started laying off employees as a primary measure against the shrinking industry.
The number of layoffs in the IT industry has reportedly reached 200,000 since the beginning of 2022, according to the website layoffs.fyi, which tracks releases in the technology sector.
In 2023, 67,268 people would have lost their jobs in this industry. About 51,000 people have been dismissed in the previous several weeks by Meta, Amazon, Microsoft, and Google alone. The only giant in the industry that has not announced a layoff so far is Apple.
The tech monopolies, on the other hand, are wallowing in money. Recently, Microsoft announced its profit for 2022 Q3 as $16 billion. If federal regulators had not stepped in to block the deal, Microsoft would have acquired the video game producer Activision Blizzard last year for $69 billion.
Meta reported a profit of $4.4 billion in the third quarter of 2022, although reporting a 52% decrease compared to last year.
Amazon also announced a decline in profits, but the company still made almost $3 billion in the latest quarter.
Layoffs spread across all industries
However, Silicon Valley giants are not an exception in dismissals.
Software giant SAP of Germany has announced it would lay off 3,500 staff, while chemical conglomerate Dow will fire 2,000 workers. Executives at Dow have said that they will cut costs by $1 billion this year.
3M, another American multinational giant, will reduce its staff by 2,500 on the pretext of falling customer demand.
The toys company Hasbro will lay off 1,000 workers, equal to 15% of its current workforce.
10% of employees will be dismissed at Salesforce, 6% at Spotify, 11% at Vimeo, 3% at BlackRock, and 7% at Goldman Sachs.
In the following articles, I will focus on the situation in the USA and Europe.
America
Israel looks to Latin America as Isaac Accords seek to expand regional partnerships
As ties between Israel and Latin American countries continue to deepen, the newly launched Isaac Accords are emerging as a framework for expanding cooperation across the region.
The initiative formed the backdrop to a panel discussion on opportunities for Israel in the Western Hemisphere at the 2026 JNS International Policy Summit in Jerusalem on Monday.
The panel, titled “The Coming Isaac Accords: Israel and Latin America,” brought together diplomats and regional experts to discuss developments that could encourage participation in the Isaac Accords, the strategic framework announced in April by Argentine President Javier Milei and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu during Milei’s visit to Israel.
Moderated by JNS correspondent Etgar Lefkovits, the discussion featured Panama’s Ambassador to Israel Ezra Cohen, former US Ambassador to Costa Rica Fitzgerald Haney, and Leah Soibel, founder and CEO of Fuente Latina, which provides Middle East news coverage to Spanish-language media outlets.
Soibel said:
“What we need to understand is that the Isaac Accords have an impact that extends far beyond diplomacy. Twenty percent of the US population is Hispanic. By 2050, that figure is expected to reach 30% of the population. This is the demographic group with the lowest levels of antisemitic sentiment.”
The panel also celebrated the victory of pro-US and pro-Israel candidate Abelardo De La Espriella, who defeated his left-wing rival in Colombia’s presidential election on Sunday.
De La Espriella had made the restoration of relations with Israel and the relocation of his country’s embassy to Jerusalem central elements of his campaign platform.
Cohen said that when he looks at a map of Latin America, only four countries are currently governed by left-wing, anti-Israel administrations.
Referring to an earlier panel discussing what participants described as a bleak future for Jews in Europe, Cohen remarked: “When one window closes, another opens. Come to Latin America.”
Haney argued that “Israel’s friends keep winning” and predicted that “we are going to see a lot more positive developments coming out of Latin America.”
He said a colleague in Colombia had sent him a text message promising: “On August 7 at 5 p.m., we will restore relations with Israel.”
Haney noted that this was the date and time when Colombia’s new president is scheduled to take office and predicted that another announcement regarding the relocation of Colombia’s embassy to Jerusalem would follow.
He described Colombia as the latest in a series of Latin American countries turning toward Israel in pursuit of “shared values, shared prosperity and shared security.”
Haney also said that the Israel Allies Foundation, a pro-Israel advocacy group that works with lawmakers, would bring together representatives from 11 legislative bodies across Latin America in Buenos Aires over the weekend to sign a joint declaration of principles.
He noted that the organisation had successfully worked with Brazil’s legislature despite the position of President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, whom he described as anti-Israel.
According to Haney, Brazil’s legislature has developed a plan to deepen relations with Israel over the next nine months.
Soibel said that 12 Latin American countries had renewed or strengthened their friendships with Israel and that interest in Israel among Spanish-language content creators, influencers and journalists continues to grow. Her organisation has brought 300 non-Jewish Hispanic journalists to Israel.
The panel also highlighted the launch of a Panama-based Spanish-language edition of JNS. Soibel said the work of pro-Israel organisations remains vital because so few such groups operate in the region, while, in her words, “Iran, Qatar and Hezbollah are conducting propaganda campaigns in Spanish throughout Latin America.”
She continued:
“You could probably count on one hand, perhaps two, the number of organisations and leaders operating across the Spanish-speaking world. That makes this work extraordinarily strategic. Its impact is enormous. Israel and the Jewish people should invest more. There is a large Hispanic-Israeli population in Israel, and many of them were victims of the October 7 attacks. We have stories to tell. What we need now is investment and distribution channels to spread those messages and information.”
The panel concluded on an optimistic note, with participants expressing confidence that Latin America will become an increasingly important pillar of Israel’s global diplomatic strategy in the years ahead.
Milei and Netanyahu launch new accord
Argentine President Javier Milei and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announced the launch of the Isaac Accords last Saturday.
The initiative establishes a new strategic framework aimed at strengthening cooperation among Argentina, Israel and like-minded partners across the Western Hemisphere, described as “the descendants of Isaac and nations rooted in the Judeo-Christian tradition,” in defence of freedom and democracy and in the fight against terrorism, antisemitism and drug trafficking.
Participating countries will seek to strengthen coordination against what the agreement describes as terrorist organisations, with particular emphasis on “Iran’s efforts to expand terrorist networks and operational presence throughout the Western Hemisphere.”
The initiative also seeks to promote coordination and alignment in international forums while creating a framework for expanded cooperation in innovation, technology, trade and economic openness.
Speaking alongside Netanyahu at a joint press conference, Milei said:
“We expressed our unwavering support for the United States and Israel in their struggle against terrorism and the Iranian regime, not only because it is the right thing to do, but also because our countries are united through shared suffering.”
Milei referred to the 1992 bombing of the Israeli embassy in Buenos Aires and the 1994 attack on the AMIA Jewish community centre.
Although Argentine courts have attributed both attacks to Iran, Tehran has consistently denied any involvement.
Netanyahu praised the Argentine leader for demonstrating what he called “moral clarity” by standing with Israel and said he hoped other Latin American governments would join the Isaac Accords, which both leaders described as being inspired by the Abraham Accords.
The Abraham Accords, brokered by Washington in 2020, triggered a wave of normalisation in Arab-Israeli diplomatic relations.
US Ambassador to Israel Mike Huckabee attended the signing ceremony and described Milei and Netanyahu as “President Trump’s two closest friends.”
Huckabee added: “I do not think there are two other world leaders whom our president respects as much and with whom he has such a personal relationship.”
During the visit, the two sides also announced the launch of the first direct commercial flights between Buenos Aires and Tel Aviv, scheduled to begin in November.
Milei said the new route would create an “unbreakable bond” between the two countries and reiterated his intention to relocate Argentina’s embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem.
“As soon as circumstances permit, we once again reaffirm our commitment to moving the Argentine embassy to Jerusalem,” he said.
America
Iran team leaves thank-you message in Los Angeles locker room after World Cup draw
Iran’s national football team left a message in its locker room at SoFi Stadium, thanking Los Angeles for its hospitality during the World Cup.
The players said they were leaving the city with honor after keeping their hopes of reaching the knockout stage alive with a 0-0 draw against Belgium.
In the handwritten note, published by the Iran Football Federation, the team wrote:
“From the ancient land of Persia thousands of years ago to the civilized Iran of today, the spirit of Iran remains alive and unshaken. Los Angeles, thank you for your hospitality. We arrived in Los Angeles with pride, competed with honor and leave with dignity.”
The note also thanked Iranian supporters who gave their “hearts, voices and souls” to the team throughout its two matches and concluded with a call for peace, respect and friendship among all nations.
Los Angeles hosted both of Iran’s Group G matches, while the team returned to its training base in Tijuana between games.
Iran has been based in Tijuana throughout the tournament and has had to travel back and forth to the United States for matches because of restrictions related to its stay in the country. Entry bans were also imposed on some members of the national team’s coaching staff and officials.
US authorities said the team’s travel arrangements remain under review, while discussions continue over the possible easing of some restrictions.
Iran head coach Emir Ghalenoei has repeatedly criticized the travel restrictions, saying his squad has faced challenges that no other team in the tournament has been required to endure.
After drawing 2-2 with New Zealand in its opening match at SoFi Stadium, Iran will play its final Group G match against Egypt in Seattle.
America
Colombia’s de la Espriella claims narrow presidential victory in runoff election
The first results from Colombia’s presidential runoff election showed that right-wing candidate Abelardo de la Espriella, backed by Donald Trump, had narrowly won the vote.
The victory of de la Espriella, who has no prior political experience, signals a fundamental shift in the government’s approach to tackling the country’s long-running internal armed conflict and rising violence.
Throughout the campaign, de la Espriella pledged to intensify military pressure on illegal armed groups, drug trafficking networks and criminal organizations. He succeeded in defeating left-wing candidate Iván Cepeda, a close ally of incumbent President Gustavo Petro.
Speaking after the initial results were released, de la Espriella said: “Today marks the beginning of a new era for our country. This era is built on the free and democratic will of millions of citizens who chose to believe in a great, secure, prosperous Colombia full of opportunities.”
Cepeda says he will await official results
According to the preliminary count, with more than 99% of ballots tallied in the runoff election, de la Espriella secured approximately 49.7% of the vote, while Cepeda received 48.7%.
Cepeda, who has not yet conceded defeat, said the preliminary results were neither official nor binding.
“When the official count is completed, the final results are known and the necessary verification procedures are finished, we will recognize the official outcome produced by that process,” Cepeda said.
Reuters reported that the verification process showed very little variation from the preliminary counts recorded during the first round of voting on May 31.
De la Espriella, who grew up in Colombia’s Caribbean region, drew particularly strong support from that part of the country. Addressing a large crowd gathered in the coastal city of Barranquilla after the first results emerged, de la Espriella, who has adopted the nickname “El Tigre” (The Tiger), declared: “Tonight is the beginning of a new story for the nation. Tonight a new era begins, a change of order begins.”
He said he would govern for all Colombians, including those who voted for his opponent, and pledged loyalty to and protection of Colombia’s 1991 constitution.
At celebrations in Barranquilla, supporters wore Colombia’s yellow national football jersey and waved Colombian flags.
With images of de la Espriella projected behind the stage, supporters chanted “Stand firm for the homeland” and “Petro out!” as fireworks lit the sky. Some supporters wore hats bearing the slogan “Make Colombia Great Again,” echoing those worn by supporters of US President Donald Trump.
Trump reacted to the results in a Truth Social post, writing: “BIG won!”
One supporter, Patricia, told reporters: “We are tired of the murders in this country and of this government’s bureaucracy. Now we finally have a president from the coastal region.”
Another supporter said: “We are proud of the Tiger. We hope he transforms the country and, above all, creates a new nation where we will have jobs and greater security.”
Supporters of Cepeda, who narrowly lost the election, also voiced concerns on the streets of Barranquilla.
Catalina La Grande, a student and activist who supports Cepeda, told the BBC: “There is a visible sense of unease in the air. Such a narrow margin worries us because it reflects how divided the country is and the enormous challenges we face in defending democracy, peace and human rights.”
Another young voter backing Cepeda, Maria, said the results showed a divided country but noted that the public had remained peaceful.
“Given the level of polarization we are experiencing, the absence of violence in the streets is a positive development,” she said.
The sharp divisions between the candidates have fueled concerns that unrest could emerge if some opposition groups refuse to accept the outcome.
Late on Sunday night, clashes were reported between protesters and police in Cali, Colombia’s third-largest city. Demonstrators reportedly burned US flags, while police used tear gas to disperse large crowds angered by de la Espriella’s victory.
President Gustavo Petro is also reported to be considering challenging the result. In a post on X, Petro said that based on the preliminary count, “no one can be declared president” and alleged that the security of some polling stations had been compromised. He called for an audit of the voting software but provided no evidence to support the claims.
Who is Abelardo de la Espriella?
De la Espriella, who has no political background, is a lawyer and businessman. During his legal career, he represented clients including Alex Saab, an ally of former Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro who has faced money laundering charges in the US, and David Murcia Guzman, one of Colombia’s most notorious fraudsters.
De la Espriella says he handled those cases in his capacity as a defense attorney.
Often compared to El Salvador’s President Nayib Bukele because of his security policies and distinctive beard, de la Espriella and his supporters frequently wear Colombia’s national football jersey at rallies and on social media. Critics accuse him of politicizing the national team shirt.
He is also known for regularly addressing campaign crowds from behind bulletproof glass panels.
Colombia’s internal armed conflict has persisted for decades, but violence has intensified in recent years. Armed groups and criminal organizations, including dissident factions of the FARC, the ELN and the Clan del Golfo, have doubled their membership over the past five years.
Competition for control of lucrative cocaine trafficking routes and illegal mining operations has further escalated the violence. Fighting along the Colombia-Venezuela border last year displaced tens of thousands of people. Cocaine production in the world’s largest cocaine-producing country has reached record levels.
Critics of President Petro argue that his “total peace” strategy, which prioritizes negotiations with armed groups, has failed, claiming that such groups have used ceasefire arrangements to expand their territorial control and influence.
De la Espriella has pledged to cancel all negotiations with illegal armed groups and increase military pressure to restore order.
As part of that agenda, he has promised closer cooperation with the US, the construction of massive prisons in Colombia’s forests, a smaller state apparatus and reforms to the healthcare system.
Having lived and worked in Miami for many years, de la Espriella has held US citizenship since 2023. During the election campaign, he received support from Donald Trump, who said de la Espriella would “stop illegal migration, fight crime and drugs, and restore law and order.”
Before the election, Trump also said de la Espriella would feel “the full support and strength of the United States” behind him.
Although Colombia has historically been one of Washington’s closest allies in the region, relations have become strained in recent years due to sharp disagreements between President Trump and President Petro over migration policy, tariffs and military intervention in Latin America.
De la Espriella’s election also aligns with a broader trend across Latin America, where security concerns have pushed politics to the right. His victory was welcomed by other conservative leaders across the region.
Argentine President Javier Milei said Colombians had “chosen the path of economic freedom, prosperity and uncompromising security” and had declared that enough was enough to transnational organized crime and drug trafficking.
Chile’s José Antonio Kast said: “A new era of freedom is beginning for Colombia, one that will allow the country to regain security and prosperity.”
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