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Britain demands Apple backdoor to user data

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The Washington Post reports that British security authorities have requested Apple to create a backdoor allowing access to all content uploaded to the cloud by Apple users globally. This secret order, issued last month, demands general access to fully encrypted material, not just assistance with specific accounts, and has no known precedent in the G7.

At stake is cloud storage accessible only to the user, not Apple. Apple introduced Advanced Data Protection in 2022, a service it considered offering years earlier but delayed due to FBI objections during the Trump administration. The FBI criticized Apple for hindering the arrest of “murderers, drug dealers, and other violent criminal elements.”

This security option, available to Apple users in the US and other countries, provides enhanced protection against hacking and blocks a common law enforcement method for accessing photos, messages, and other data. While most iPhone and Mac users don’t enable it, iCloud storage and backups are frequent targets of US search warrants, often served on Apple without the user’s knowledge.

Anonymous sources, citing legal and political sensitivities, told The Washington Post that complying would be a significant setback for technology companies “in their decades-long struggle to avoid being used as a tool of the government against their users.” Apple might cease offering encrypted storage in the UK rather than compromise its security promise to global users. However, this wouldn’t satisfy the UK’s demand for backdoor access in other countries, including the US.

The UK Home Office issued a technical capability notice under the Investigatory Powers Act 2016, demanding access. This law, dubbed the “Snoopers’ Charter” by critics, criminalizes disclosure of such government requests. Apple can appeal to a secret technical panel to argue about the cost and to a judge regarding proportionality, but the law doesn’t allow delaying compliance during the appeal.

“There is no reason why the UK [government] should have the authority to decide whether the citizens of the world can enjoy the proven security benefits of end-to-end encryption,” Apple told Parliament in March, anticipating this potential requirement.

Senior US national security officials have been monitoring the situation since Britain first indicated it might request access and Apple announced its refusal. An advisor to the US on encryption issues, speaking anonymously, said Apple would be prohibited from warning users that its advanced encryption no longer provides full security. They called the UK’s request to spy on non-British users without their government’s knowledge “shocking.” A former White House security advisor confirmed the British order.

The UK and FBI argue that encryption aids “terrorists and child abusers.” Technology companies counter that it protects privacy in personal communications and that backdoors for law enforcement are exploitable by criminals and “can be abused by authoritarian regimes.”

Most electronic communications have some level of encryption. Intermediaries like email providers and internet access companies can often provide plaintext to law enforcement. However, end-to-end encryption, where no intermediary has decryption keys, is increasingly common, as with Signal, Meta’s WhatsApp and Messenger, and Apple’s iMessages and FaceTime. Such content typically loses end-to-end protection during cloud backups, but not with Apple’s Advanced Data Protection.

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EIB to unveil 15 billion euro tech initiative to scale European startups

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The European Investment Bank (EIB) will announce a €15 billion initiative today, in collaboration with EU capitals and private investors, aimed at supporting the growth of European technology companies.

For decades, startups on the continent have struggled to raise the large-scale funding rounds necessary to scale on this side of the Atlantic, frequently turning to US investors or relocating abroad as they expand.

“We are catching up. Now we need to accelerate,” EIB President Nadia Calviño said.

Under the existing European Tech Champions Initiative, the EIB had already pooled resources with six EU governments to establish funds that invest in high-growth companies across the EU.

Calviño described the initiative as “very successful,” noting that it has supported 12 European “unicorn” companies valued at over $1 billion, including the German artificial intelligence translation firm DeepL.

The bank is now expanding the program with a new phase nearly four times the size of the original.

Twenty-five EU governments, alongside private investors such as Santander and Danske Bank, are expected to participate in the program.

This initial €15 billion aims to mobilize up to €80 billion in total investment. Calviño stated that this estimate is based on the multiplier effects achieved under previous programs.

As part of these efforts, the EIB also aims to attract European pension funds, which manage immense pools of capital but have historically allocated fewer resources to technology investments compared to their US counterparts.

In addition to the new funding, Calviño noted that the EIB will create a platform providing a single point of access for existing European scale-up initiatives, including the European Commission’s Scaleup Europe Fund, France’s Tibi initiative, and Germany’s Win initiative.

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Germany to purchase US Tomahawk missiles to build own long-range strike capability

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Germany will purchase Tomahawk cruise missiles from the United States and deploy them on German territory, Chancellor Friedrich Merz announced on Thursday.

The move marks a shift away from planned US deployments and toward Germany establishing its own long-range strike capability.

Merz told lawmakers that he finalized the agreement with the US government during the NATO summit in Ankara, adding that the talks held on Tuesday and Wednesday had exceeded his expectations.

“While we close a critical strategic gap in our defense, we are also working to develop our own European systems and deploy them in Europe,” the Chancellor said.

According to German government sources, Washington committed in a letter of intent signed on Tuesday to approve Germany’s acquisition of Tomahawk missiles and their land-based Typhon launchers in August.

The number of missiles and launchers Germany plans to purchase was not disclosed because the information is classified.

The planned acquisition appears aligned with US President Donald Trump’s pressure on European allies to cover their own security costs, such as by purchasing US weapons.

The fate of the Tomahawk procurement had become uncertain after Trump announced in May that he would reduce the US military presence in Germany.

That development was seen as a cancellation of a plan made under the previous administration to deploy a US battalion equipped with long-range Tomahawk missiles to Germany.

That original plan was designed as a temporary solution to serve as a strong deterrent against Russia while Europeans developed their own versions of such weapons.

Germany produces its own cruise missile, the Taurus, but its range of approximately 311 miles is three to five times shorter than that of the Tomahawk missiles.

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Apple loses EU court appeal over Digital Markets Act gatekeeper designation

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The General Court of the European Union has rejected Apple’s challenges against its “gatekeeper” status designated under the Digital Markets Act (DMA).

With this ruling, the company’s designated status for the App Store and iOS remains valid, while its applications regarding iMessage were also rejected.

Apple had argued that the five separate App Stores it operates for the iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, Mac, and Apple TV should be evaluated as distinct, individual services.

The court rejected this argument, ruling that these stores serve a common purpose of connecting developers and users, regardless of the specific device.

The court also dismissed Apple’s defense that the DMA’s interoperability obligations violate its fundamental rights.

However, it did not conduct a substantive assessment on the legality of this obligation, stating that a direct legal link could not be established between the regulation in question and the determination of “gatekeeper” status.

Following the ruling, Apple argued that the obligations under the DMA “exceed the boundaries of legality and proportionality.” The company asserted that the new rules jeopardize the work it has carried out for years to ensure user privacy and security.

Apple retains the right to appeal the decision, though a company spokesperson did not comment on whether there are plans to do so.

Apple previously declared that DMA rules prevented the launch of the updated version of Siri in Europe, resulting in European users being unable to benefit from the service.

In force in the European Union since 2024, the DMA covers a total of 22 services and products belonging to Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, ByteDance, Meta Platforms, and Microsoft.

The regulation obliges these companies to share certain data with competitors, provide access to user-generated data, and offer verification tools to advertising partners.

Additionally, it prohibits platforms from engaging in anti-competitive practices that favor their own products. Companies failing to comply with the rules face fines of up to 10% of their global turnover, which can rise to 20% in cases of repeated violations.

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