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EU clears path for Mercosur trade deal after decades of deadlock

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The European Commission took a major step on Wednesday toward signing a sweeping trade agreement between the EU and the Mercosur bloc.

Brussels addressed France’s concerns by proposing a safeguard to protect farmers if beef and poultry imports from Latin America destabilize local markets.

The Mercosur deal had been stalled for 25 years, facing strong opposition from powerful European farmers who feared an influx of cheap agricultural goods would undermine local producers.

Even after negotiations concluded last December, France—backed by Italy and Poland—opposed the deal and threatened to block its ratification amid continent-wide farmer protests.

However, US President Donald Trump’s launch of a global trade war this year, including tariffs on European and Latin American goods, gave momentum to the agreement.

The Mercosur group, made up of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, was also hit by Trump’s unpredictable tariffs. Trump imposed a 50% tariff on Brazil following the arrest of former President Jair Bolsonaro, who was on trial for an attempted coup.

Trade Commissioner Maroš Šefčovič said while presenting the deal, “In today’s uncertain geopolitical environment, diversifying our supply chains and deepening partnerships with reliable allies, partners, and friends is not a luxury. It is a necessity. These agreements will reinforce the EU’s economic presence in Latin America, which has recently declined.”

The move highlights a delicate balancing act for Brussels. After marathon negotiations, the EU leadership is trying to reassure skeptical member states without jeopardizing the long-awaited deal.

To appease critics in Paris and beyond, Brussels pledged on Wednesday to monitor beef and poultry imports, proposing an additional text that would allow tariffs or import limits if European agriculture was shown to be harmed.

Crucially, this safeguard would not require reopening the trade agreement itself.

Still, this was not enough to sway Warsaw. Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk said Wednesday morning, “Poland will oppose Mercosur because we want to show and prove that we will not retreat when it comes to the interests of Polish agricultural producers.”

Tusk admitted, however, that he lacked partners to form a blocking minority. “Since the French do not want to form this blocking minority with us, we at least agreed they would cooperate with us to prepare a defense mechanism,” he added.

The so-called “cows-for-cars” agreement will eliminate tariffs on 91% of EU exports, including automobiles, within 15 years, and gradually remove tariffs on 92% of Mercosur exports over a period of up to 10 years.

French President Emmanuel Macron told his ministers on Wednesday that Paris had been “right to oppose previous versions” of the Mercosur deal but that his government must “scrutinize the details” of the new version.

Despite France’s renewed political deadlock—Prime Minister François Bayrou is expected to lose next week’s confidence vote due to a €43.8 billion austerity plan—Paris is cautiously endorsing the deal this time.

Trade Minister Laurent Saint-Martin said Wednesday he was “reasonably optimistic,” noting, “France is not opposed to this agreement in principle. What matters is having mechanisms that can limit imports and be deployed effectively.”

By offering safeguard commitments, Brussels is giving these countries a concrete way to placate their small but politically powerful farming constituencies. The Commission also intends to release €6.3 billion in long-term funds under the Common Agricultural Policy to help farmers weather potential market shocks.

A senior Commission official stated, “We always want to keep all family members happy. As with all member states, we worked with France over the summer and take all concerns very seriously. We are leaving no one behind in this debate.”

The texts adopted Wednesday (including a separate update to the EU’s trade agreement with Mexico) launch the ratification process within the bloc.

The trade and political chapters of the deal have been separated to speed approval. Ratification of the trade provisions requires only a qualified majority of 15 out of 27 EU member states, while the political chapter—covering national competences such as investment—requires unanimity.

The Commission expects to sign the agreement in early 2026, pending approval from member state capitals and the European Parliament.

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EIB to unveil 15 billion euro tech initiative to scale European startups

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The European Investment Bank (EIB) will announce a €15 billion initiative today, in collaboration with EU capitals and private investors, aimed at supporting the growth of European technology companies.

For decades, startups on the continent have struggled to raise the large-scale funding rounds necessary to scale on this side of the Atlantic, frequently turning to US investors or relocating abroad as they expand.

“We are catching up. Now we need to accelerate,” EIB President Nadia Calviño said.

Under the existing European Tech Champions Initiative, the EIB had already pooled resources with six EU governments to establish funds that invest in high-growth companies across the EU.

Calviño described the initiative as “very successful,” noting that it has supported 12 European “unicorn” companies valued at over $1 billion, including the German artificial intelligence translation firm DeepL.

The bank is now expanding the program with a new phase nearly four times the size of the original.

Twenty-five EU governments, alongside private investors such as Santander and Danske Bank, are expected to participate in the program.

This initial €15 billion aims to mobilize up to €80 billion in total investment. Calviño stated that this estimate is based on the multiplier effects achieved under previous programs.

As part of these efforts, the EIB also aims to attract European pension funds, which manage immense pools of capital but have historically allocated fewer resources to technology investments compared to their US counterparts.

In addition to the new funding, Calviño noted that the EIB will create a platform providing a single point of access for existing European scale-up initiatives, including the European Commission’s Scaleup Europe Fund, France’s Tibi initiative, and Germany’s Win initiative.

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Germany to purchase US Tomahawk missiles to build own long-range strike capability

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Germany will purchase Tomahawk cruise missiles from the United States and deploy them on German territory, Chancellor Friedrich Merz announced on Thursday.

The move marks a shift away from planned US deployments and toward Germany establishing its own long-range strike capability.

Merz told lawmakers that he finalized the agreement with the US government during the NATO summit in Ankara, adding that the talks held on Tuesday and Wednesday had exceeded his expectations.

“While we close a critical strategic gap in our defense, we are also working to develop our own European systems and deploy them in Europe,” the Chancellor said.

According to German government sources, Washington committed in a letter of intent signed on Tuesday to approve Germany’s acquisition of Tomahawk missiles and their land-based Typhon launchers in August.

The number of missiles and launchers Germany plans to purchase was not disclosed because the information is classified.

The planned acquisition appears aligned with US President Donald Trump’s pressure on European allies to cover their own security costs, such as by purchasing US weapons.

The fate of the Tomahawk procurement had become uncertain after Trump announced in May that he would reduce the US military presence in Germany.

That development was seen as a cancellation of a plan made under the previous administration to deploy a US battalion equipped with long-range Tomahawk missiles to Germany.

That original plan was designed as a temporary solution to serve as a strong deterrent against Russia while Europeans developed their own versions of such weapons.

Germany produces its own cruise missile, the Taurus, but its range of approximately 311 miles is three to five times shorter than that of the Tomahawk missiles.

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Apple loses EU court appeal over Digital Markets Act gatekeeper designation

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The General Court of the European Union has rejected Apple’s challenges against its “gatekeeper” status designated under the Digital Markets Act (DMA).

With this ruling, the company’s designated status for the App Store and iOS remains valid, while its applications regarding iMessage were also rejected.

Apple had argued that the five separate App Stores it operates for the iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, Mac, and Apple TV should be evaluated as distinct, individual services.

The court rejected this argument, ruling that these stores serve a common purpose of connecting developers and users, regardless of the specific device.

The court also dismissed Apple’s defense that the DMA’s interoperability obligations violate its fundamental rights.

However, it did not conduct a substantive assessment on the legality of this obligation, stating that a direct legal link could not be established between the regulation in question and the determination of “gatekeeper” status.

Following the ruling, Apple argued that the obligations under the DMA “exceed the boundaries of legality and proportionality.” The company asserted that the new rules jeopardize the work it has carried out for years to ensure user privacy and security.

Apple retains the right to appeal the decision, though a company spokesperson did not comment on whether there are plans to do so.

Apple previously declared that DMA rules prevented the launch of the updated version of Siri in Europe, resulting in European users being unable to benefit from the service.

In force in the European Union since 2024, the DMA covers a total of 22 services and products belonging to Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, ByteDance, Meta Platforms, and Microsoft.

The regulation obliges these companies to share certain data with competitors, provide access to user-generated data, and offer verification tools to advertising partners.

Additionally, it prohibits platforms from engaging in anti-competitive practices that favor their own products. Companies failing to comply with the rules face fines of up to 10% of their global turnover, which can rise to 20% in cases of repeated violations.

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