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Xi’s economy-focused orders to boost China’s growth

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President Xi Jinping has issued a series of business-focused directives over the past week, as attention turns to Beijing’s efforts to stimulate China’s economy.

Xi’s latest remarks came on Sunday in the northeastern city of Tianjin, during an event marking the 40th anniversary of China’s economic development zones.

During inspection trips to Fujian and Anhui last week, Xi appeared to seek a first-hand understanding of the state of the world’s second-largest economy and the implementation of recent policies.

Xi’s emphasis on “development” comes at a time when China’s economy is facing pressure from domestic challenges and global uncertainties, with growing concerns about meeting its annual growth target.

In Fujian, Xi invoked the spirit of “daring to be first and striving to win” and quoted a famous saying in Hefei, Anhui province: “How many times in life can you seize the moment to fight?”

Vice-Premier He Lifeng conveyed Xi’s directives at a symposium in Tianjin on Sunday, held to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the first national-level economic and technological development zone.

Xi stressed that “national-level economic and technological development zones should focus on advancing China’s modernization, continuously promoting innovation and internal dynamism… participating in the high-standard Belt and Road Initiative… and helping build the ‘Invest in China’ brand.”

As symbols of China’s opening-up and reform over recent decades, these zones have become key drivers of local economic growth, starting with coastal regions such as Guangdong, Fujian, and Shanghai.

Zhang Zhiwei, president and chief economist at Pinpoint Asset Management, noted that Xi’s speeches during the tours echoed the message from the Politburo meeting in late September, when a “package of incremental measures” was announced to stimulate the economy.

“The economy is under pressure, so the [central] government really wants to mobilize local government officials to take stronger initiatives, assume more responsibility, and be more proactive in stimulating the local economy,” Zhang told the South China Morning Post.

Speaking in Tianjin, Vice-Premier He emphasized that development zones should identify new challenges, spearhead reforms, drive regional growth, and lead China’s economic transformation and global integration.

Since the establishment of the first national-level development zone in 1984, China has created 229 economic and technological development zones, which have played a significant role in promoting high-quality manufacturing and establishing open, high-standard economic systems.

According to the Ministry of Commerce, these zones achieved an industrial output of 15.2 trillion yuan (US$2.1 trillion) in the first half of the year, up 3.7 percent year-on-year. The regions also contributed 1.3 trillion yuan in fiscal revenue, with tax revenue reaching 1.2 trillion yuan. Additionally, the zones reported an import and export value of 4.7 trillion yuan, an increase of 9.2 percent from the previous year. However, foreign capital utilization during the same period dropped by 27.2 percent to US$16.6 billion.

China’s leaders are grappling with multiple economic challenges, ranging from weak domestic demand to uncertainties surrounding the “around 5%” annual growth target.

To revive growth, Beijing has launched a broad policy push, but questions remain about whether these efforts will be sufficient to reverse the economic slowdown.

Recent press conferences by the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development have unveiled a series of measures aimed at stabilizing the economy, focusing on property and fiscal policy.

These initiatives set the stage for upcoming high-level meetings, including the much-anticipated NPC Standing Committee and Politburo gatherings, as well as the Central Economic Work Conference in mid-December.

These key meetings are expected to outline broader strategies for boosting growth and addressing the complex challenges facing the Chinese economy.

ASIA

Syria will not follow Afghanistan’s Taliban model of governance

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In an astonishing statement, Ahmed Shará, also known as Abu Mohamad Jolani, the leader of the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) said that he will allow the girls to go to schools and will not turn Syria like Afghanistan under the rule of the Taliban.

Jolani, the de facto ruler of Syria, said that he will distance himself from the Taliban’s strict policies on women’s rights, and said that Syria will not follow the Taliban’s mode of governance.  

Jolani, who brought down the government of Bashar al-Assad and also widely welcomed by the Taliban, said that he believes in the education of women and girls and will not make Syria like Afghanistan.

“Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal. The Afghan model cannot be applied here,” Jolani told a BBC reporter.

Jolani says that Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal.

Jolani’s comment came when the Taliban congratulated the HTS-led victory by Jolani over Assad’s regime after years of fighting. The Afghan Foreign Ministry celebrated Jolani’s victory through a statement and hoped Jolani can bring peace and stability in the country.

“It is hoped that the power transition process is advanced in a manner that lays the foundation of a sovereign and serve-oriented Islamic government in the line with the aspiration of the Syrian people; that unifies the entire population without discrimination and retribution through adoption of a general assembly; and a positive foreign policy with world countries the safeguard Syria from a threat of negative rivalries of foreign actors and creates conditions for the return of millions of refugees,” the statement by Taliban Foreign Ministry.

However, Jolan’s position on the rights of women and girls is in great contrast with the current view of the Taliban leadership. Women and girls have been banned from education and work since the return of the Taliban in August 2021, following the collapse of the Republic System and withdrawal of the US troops from Afghanistan. Girls and women are even banned from medical institutions and visiting public spaces.

Jolani says he has a plan to create a government based institution and a council chosen by the people. 

The situation got worse when the Taliban’s Ministry for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice called women’s voices “immodest” compounding their exclusion from public life. This year, it has been marked as three years since girls were banned from pursuing education over sixth grade. Besides that, on December 20, 2022, the Taliban’s Ministry of Higher Education announced that women would be barred from attending public and private universities.    

In an interview with CNN, Jolani said that he has a plan to create a government based on institutions and a “council chosen by the people.”

“When we talk about objectives, the goal of the revolution remains the overthrow of this regime. It is our right to use all available means to achieve that goal,” said Jolani.

“The seeds of the regime’s defeat have always been within it… the Iranians attempted to revive the regime, buying it time, and later the Russians also tried to prop it up. But the truth remains: this regime is dead.”

Moreover, he also said the Syrian people are the “rightful owners” of the country after the ouster of Assad, and declared a “new history” has been written for the entire Middle East.

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Yoon summoned again for questioning on treason charges

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A joint law enforcement team investigating South Korea’s martial law case announced on Friday that it has issued a second summons to ousted President Yoon Suk Yeol, requesting his presence for questioning next week. The inquiry concerns his alleged involvement in the failed implementation of martial law.

The team has scheduled the questioning for 10:00 a.m. next Wednesday at the Corruption Investigation Office for Senior Officials (CIO) headquarters in Gwacheon, located just south of Seoul. This marks the second summons after Yoon refused to cooperate with the initial notice earlier this week.

The decision to hold the questioning on a public holiday appears to be a strategic move by the CIO, likely aimed at addressing security concerns. The office confirmed that the summonses were delivered via express mail and electronically to both Yoon’s residence and the presidential office in Yongsan. Notably, after Yoon’s team refused to accept the first subpoena, the CIO opted against delivering the documents in person for this round.

The investigation focuses on Yoon’s role in the December 3 martial law declaration, which he revoked following a vote in the National Assembly. If Yoon continues to disregard the summons without valid justification, the CIO may seek a court order to detain him for up to 48 hours.

Yoon faces allegations of sedition and abuse of office, charges that have gained traction since his dismissal by parliament last Saturday. His suspension from office remains in effect pending a decision by the Constitutional Court, which will determine whether he is permanently removed or reinstated.

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Xi Jinping champions economic diversification during Macau visit

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During a three-day visit to Macau commemorating the 25th anniversary of its return to Chinese sovereignty from Portugal, President Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of economic diversification and maintaining the “one country, two systems” framework.

Speaking at the swearing-in ceremony for Macau’s new Chief Executive Officer, Sam Hou-fai, Xi urged the administration to make economic diversification the city’s primary focus. Sam, the fourth leader since the 1999 handover and the first mainland-born Chinese official to hold the position, is expected to align closely with Beijing’s objectives to reduce Macau’s reliance on gambling. The gambling industry, which accounts for approximately 80% of Macau’s tax revenue, has been the cornerstone of its rapid economic growth in recent years.

“Macau should prioritize proper economic diversification,” Xi stated, calling for enhanced policy support and investment in emerging sectors. He also reiterated the significance of the “one country, two systems” principle, stressing its role in ensuring the city’s “prosperity and stability” for the long term.

Xi’s visit included stops at the Macau University of Science and Technology, where he explored laboratories focusing on traditional Chinese medicine and planetary science. He also attended a cultural performance at the Macau Dome and met with local stakeholders, according to Chinese state media. His trip marked a shift in tone, with Anthony Lawrence, founder of Intelligence Macau, noting that it was the first time Xi publicly praised Macau for its progress rather than delivering critiques or instructions.

Since the liberalization of Macau’s gaming monopoly in 2002, the city has attracted significant foreign investment, including from prominent US casino operators such as Las Vegas Sands, MGM, and Wynn Resorts. However, the economy struggled during the COVID-19 pandemic due to travel restrictions, and recovery has only recently begun.

On Friday, Macau’s casinos were bustling with visitors, while non-gaming initiatives like a stamp exhibition co-organized by MGM China and Beijing’s Palace Museum showcased the city’s efforts to diversify its offerings.

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