Europe
American LNG faces challenges as Europe eyes Russian gas
American liquefied natural gas (LNG) has helped European Union (EU) countries replace a significant portion of Russian gas.
However, the trade war initiated by Donald Trump has also brought about distrust towards the US.
While the EU administration currently intends to use the US’s 90-day suspension of tariffs to agree on large-scale LNG purchases, some major European companies have begun to discuss the return of Russian gas to the market.
Didier Hollo, Vice President of the French company Engie, which is partly state-owned and was one of Gazprom’s largest customers before the war, told Reuters, “If an acceptable peace is achieved in Ukraine, it may be possible to return to supplying 60, perhaps 70 billion cubic meters per year, including LNG.”
In 2021, Russian gas supplies exceeded 150 billion cubic meters, accounting for approximately 40% of the EU’s gas imports. This was largely Gazprom’s product, and LNG purchases were not significant in the total volume at that time.
However, during the war, Gazprom lost more than two-thirds of its exports to the EU, and its share in the union’s imports fell below 10% this year, while Novatek’s LNG supply increased.
Patrick Pouyanné, CEO of French TotalEnergies, warned Europe against over-reliance on American gas, telling Reuters: “We need diversification; we need many routes instead of relying too much on one or two sources.”
Pouyanné added, “Europe will never return to importing 150 billion cubic meters from Russia as before the war… but I would bet on 70 billion cubic meters.”
TotalEnergies supplies a large amount of American LNG while also being a shareholder in Novatek and selling LNG from the Yamal LNG project, which is not under sanctions.
According to the European Commission and LSEG data, in 2024, Russian gas provided 18.8% of the EU’s imports; 11.4% came via pipelines, and 7.4% came in liquefied form.
This total share was higher than the share of LNG coming from the US (16.7%).
However, according to the Bruegel analysis center, the situation changed radically in the first quarter of 2025.
Total Russian supply decreased from 14.1 billion cubic meters in the previous quarter to 10.1 billion cubic meters.
This decrease resulted from the cessation of transit through Ukraine and LNG imports falling to their lowest level since the first quarter of 2021.
Meanwhile, purchases from the US reached an “unprecedented” level, hitting a record 18.4 billion cubic meters.
European companies have filed a total of 18 billion euros in claims against Gazprom because it stopped supplies in 2022.
The courts have already ruled that German Uniper should be paid 14 billion euros and Austrian OMV 230 million euros in compensation.
According to Hollo, as a first step towards resuming Gazprom’s contractual obligations, it could start supplying gas via pipeline through Ukraine with Kyiv’s approval to pay the compensations determined by the court: “Do you [Gazprom] want to return to the [European] market? Very well, but we will not sign a new contract until you pay the compensations [as per the court decision].”
The return of Russian gas is also advocated at the Leuna Chemical Park, one of Germany’s largest chemical production centers, where companies like Dow Chemical and Shell have facilities.
Previously, Russia covered 60% of the park residents’ needs, mostly via the Nord Stream pipeline, which was sabotaged in 2022.
Christoph Günther, General Manager of InfraLeuna, the park’s operator, stated, “We are in a severe crisis, and we cannot wait.”
Günther noted that the return of Russian gas is a “taboo” subject, but many of his colleagues agree that they need it.
Employment in Germany’s chemical industry has been declining for five consecutive quarters, an unprecedented situation in decades.
Meanwhile, according to three European officials speaking to Politico, the EU plans to start negotiations with the US to increase American LNG purchases to end the tariff war.
Brussels had tried this before, even before Trump announced he would impose comprehensive import tariffs, but according to diplomats, it faced bureaucratic obstacles and a lack of interest from Washington.
Now that Trump has postponed the implementation of increased tariffs (which would have been 20% for the EU) by three months, the European Commission will try to make an additional effort to reach an agreement on LNG.
In particular, a “collective demand” plan is being developed, under which the EU could place larger, pan-European orders at more favorable prices.
However, Politico notes that it is unclear how this will work. Ultimately, companies, not governments, make the deals, and some European companies state that they are already buying enough American gas.
Additionally, insufficient export capacity in the US currently limits the increase in supply.
New terminals are expected to become operational in 2026-2027, according to plans.
Europe
EIB to unveil 15 billion euro tech initiative to scale European startups
The European Investment Bank (EIB) will announce a €15 billion initiative today, in collaboration with EU capitals and private investors, aimed at supporting the growth of European technology companies.
For decades, startups on the continent have struggled to raise the large-scale funding rounds necessary to scale on this side of the Atlantic, frequently turning to US investors or relocating abroad as they expand.
“We are catching up. Now we need to accelerate,” EIB President Nadia Calviño said.
Under the existing European Tech Champions Initiative, the EIB had already pooled resources with six EU governments to establish funds that invest in high-growth companies across the EU.
Calviño described the initiative as “very successful,” noting that it has supported 12 European “unicorn” companies valued at over $1 billion, including the German artificial intelligence translation firm DeepL.
The bank is now expanding the program with a new phase nearly four times the size of the original.
Twenty-five EU governments, alongside private investors such as Santander and Danske Bank, are expected to participate in the program.
This initial €15 billion aims to mobilize up to €80 billion in total investment. Calviño stated that this estimate is based on the multiplier effects achieved under previous programs.
As part of these efforts, the EIB also aims to attract European pension funds, which manage immense pools of capital but have historically allocated fewer resources to technology investments compared to their US counterparts.
In addition to the new funding, Calviño noted that the EIB will create a platform providing a single point of access for existing European scale-up initiatives, including the European Commission’s Scaleup Europe Fund, France’s Tibi initiative, and Germany’s Win initiative.
Europe
Germany to purchase US Tomahawk missiles to build own long-range strike capability
Germany will purchase Tomahawk cruise missiles from the United States and deploy them on German territory, Chancellor Friedrich Merz announced on Thursday.
The move marks a shift away from planned US deployments and toward Germany establishing its own long-range strike capability.
Merz told lawmakers that he finalized the agreement with the US government during the NATO summit in Ankara, adding that the talks held on Tuesday and Wednesday had exceeded his expectations.
“While we close a critical strategic gap in our defense, we are also working to develop our own European systems and deploy them in Europe,” the Chancellor said.
According to German government sources, Washington committed in a letter of intent signed on Tuesday to approve Germany’s acquisition of Tomahawk missiles and their land-based Typhon launchers in August.
The number of missiles and launchers Germany plans to purchase was not disclosed because the information is classified.
The planned acquisition appears aligned with US President Donald Trump’s pressure on European allies to cover their own security costs, such as by purchasing US weapons.
The fate of the Tomahawk procurement had become uncertain after Trump announced in May that he would reduce the US military presence in Germany.
That development was seen as a cancellation of a plan made under the previous administration to deploy a US battalion equipped with long-range Tomahawk missiles to Germany.
That original plan was designed as a temporary solution to serve as a strong deterrent against Russia while Europeans developed their own versions of such weapons.
Germany produces its own cruise missile, the Taurus, but its range of approximately 311 miles is three to five times shorter than that of the Tomahawk missiles.
Europe
Apple loses EU court appeal over Digital Markets Act gatekeeper designation
The General Court of the European Union has rejected Apple’s challenges against its “gatekeeper” status designated under the Digital Markets Act (DMA).
With this ruling, the company’s designated status for the App Store and iOS remains valid, while its applications regarding iMessage were also rejected.
Apple had argued that the five separate App Stores it operates for the iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, Mac, and Apple TV should be evaluated as distinct, individual services.
The court rejected this argument, ruling that these stores serve a common purpose of connecting developers and users, regardless of the specific device.
The court also dismissed Apple’s defense that the DMA’s interoperability obligations violate its fundamental rights.
However, it did not conduct a substantive assessment on the legality of this obligation, stating that a direct legal link could not be established between the regulation in question and the determination of “gatekeeper” status.
Following the ruling, Apple argued that the obligations under the DMA “exceed the boundaries of legality and proportionality.” The company asserted that the new rules jeopardize the work it has carried out for years to ensure user privacy and security.
Apple retains the right to appeal the decision, though a company spokesperson did not comment on whether there are plans to do so.
Apple previously declared that DMA rules prevented the launch of the updated version of Siri in Europe, resulting in European users being unable to benefit from the service.
In force in the European Union since 2024, the DMA covers a total of 22 services and products belonging to Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, ByteDance, Meta Platforms, and Microsoft.
The regulation obliges these companies to share certain data with competitors, provide access to user-generated data, and offer verification tools to advertising partners.
Additionally, it prohibits platforms from engaging in anti-competitive practices that favor their own products. Companies failing to comply with the rules face fines of up to 10% of their global turnover, which can rise to 20% in cases of repeated violations.
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