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BRICS summit begins with dinner hosted by Putin

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The 16th BRICS Summit kicked off today in Kazan, hosted by Russian President Vladimir Putin.

According to the Kremlin, representatives from 32 countries, including 24 heads of state, are expected to attend the event in the semi-autonomous Republic of Tatarstan.

The summit will officially begin this evening with a “friendly dinner” for all attending leaders. Before that, however, Putin will hold a series of bilateral meetings, which are set to continue after dinner and over the coming days.

Today, the Russian president is scheduled to meet with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa, Chinese President Xi Jinping, and Egyptian President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi. The leaders are expected to discuss a wide range of issues.

Putin will also meet with the President of the New Development Bank, former Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff. This marks their third meeting since Rousseff took on her role at the New Development Bank.

Expansion agenda

The BRICS group—comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa—has recently expanded to include Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates.

The BRICS bloc now represents 45 percent of the world’s population and 35 percent of the global economy in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.

President Putin noted that 34 countries, including Turkey, have expressed interest in joining the bloc.

Experts expect the summit to focus on BRICS expansion, with Russian officials highlighting the group’s adaptability and long-term growth agenda.

While BRICS is often seen as an alternative to Western-centric institutions, Putin told reporters from BRICS countries that “BRICS is not in opposition to anyone” and that the shift in global growth dynamics is simply a reflection of reality.

“This is a union of states working together on the basis of shared values, a common vision of development, and, above all, the principle of taking each other’s interests into account,” he said.

As the BRICS summit opens, finance chiefs from around the world are also gathering in Washington for an IMF meeting.

Xi and Modi attend summit, Lula absent due to illness

Chinese President Xi Jinping arrived in Russia this morning to attend the summit, accompanied by senior Chinese Communist Party official Cai Qi and Foreign Minister Wang Yi.

Xi is expected to hold bilateral talks during the summit, focusing on key issues such as financing, technology, food trade, and expanding the bloc’s membership.

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi is also attending, though Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva canceled his trip on medical advice. Lula was advised to avoid long-haul flights temporarily following a head injury that caused a minor brain hemorrhage.

Before departing for Russia, Prime Minister Modi emphasized the importance of BRICS in fostering dialogue on global challenges. “India values close cooperation within BRICS, which has become an important platform for dialogue on the global development agenda, reformed multilateralism, climate change, economic cooperation, building resilient supply chains, and promoting cultural and people-to-people linkages,” he said, according to India Today.

BRICS vs. G7

The term BRIC was first coined in 2001 by then-Goldman Sachs chief economist Jim O’Neill in a research paper that highlighted the growth potential of Brazil, Russia, India, and China.

These countries began formal cooperation, and Brazil was later added, followed by South Africa. Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, and the UAE have since joined, although Saudi Arabia has not yet formally become a member.

According to the International Monetary Fund, the BRICS’ share of global GDP is expected to rise to 37 percent by the end of the decade, while the G7’s share is projected to decrease from 30 percent to around 28 percent this year.

Alternative payment systems to counter sanctions

Russia is urging BRICS countries to develop an alternative platform for international payments, one that is resistant to Western sanctions.

Alternative payment methods are expected to be a key topic on the summit’s agenda.

In an interview with the Serbian daily Politika, published on the Russian Foreign Ministry’s website, Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Sergei Ryabkov suggested that significant progress could be made in mutual payment mechanisms after the Kazan summit.

“I believe that as a result of the summit in Kazan, we will see significant developments in this area. As our Chinese friends say, ‘a journey of a thousand miles begins with one small step.’ I think we will take a not-so-small first step,” Ryabkov said.

However, Ryabkov cautioned that no “giant leap forward” should be expected, noting that the process will likely evolve gradually, as BRICS operates on a consensus basis.

“We have a long way to go for a gradual transition from payments in national currencies to the creation of a single BRICS currency,” the diplomat added.

DIPLOMACY

Fidan and Rubio discuss Syria, Gaza, and defense in US meeting

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Minister of Foreign Affairs Hakan Fidan and his accompanying delegation began a two-day visit to the US.

During the visit, Fidan met with US Senator Marco Rubio. According to a statement attributed to US State Department Spokesperson Tammy Bruce, the two discussed cooperation on key issues in security and trade.

Rubio requested Turkey’s support for peace in Ukraine and the South Caucasus, while appreciating Ankara’s leadership in the “Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS.”

According to the spokesperson, the American senator reiterated the need for close cooperation to support a “stable, unified, and peaceful Syria,” stating they do not want Syria to be “either a base for international terrorism or a pathway for Iran’s destabilizing activities.”

Rubio also highlighted recent progress in bilateral trade and encouraged an even greater economic partnership moving forward.

Finally, the Senator expressed concerns regarding the recent arrest of Ekrem Imamoglu in Turkey and the subsequent protests.

Turkey has not made an official statement: AA reported based on ‘foreign ministry sources’

According to Turkish Foreign Ministry sources cited by AA, Fidan and Rubio emphasized the “importance of engaging with the Syrian government” during their meeting on Tuesday.

The sources stated, “Both sides emphasized the importance of engaging with the Syrian government and expressed their determination regarding the stabilization of Syria and the fight against terrorism.”

According to the sources speaking to AA, Fidan and Rubio discussed a range of regional and bilateral issues, including the need for a permanent ceasefire in Gaza, deemed essential for “regional peace.”

The sources also mentioned that the issues discussed in the phone call between President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and US President Donald Trump on March 16 were followed up on during the meeting.

The two sides also discussed preparations for upcoming presidential-level visits and expressed their determination to remove obstacles to defense cooperation.

The report added, “Both sides clearly expressed their political will to remove obstacles to cooperation in the defense industry. Technical meetings will be held to resolve existing issues.”

The two sides also discussed efforts to achieve a ceasefire between Russia and Ukraine, with Turkey expressing support for recent US efforts in this direction.

The talks also covered the ongoing peace process between Azerbaijan and Armenia and the importance of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s stability for the entire Balkan region.

Is Hamas on the table?

Meanwhile, Trump, during a White House meeting with a group of US Ambassadors confirmed by the Senate, referred to Turkey and Erdogan as a “good country, a good leader.”

The new US Ambassador to Ankara, Thomas Barack, was also present at the meeting. Barack, known as a close friend of Trump and a real estate magnate, thanked the President for appointing him to Turkey, “one of the ancient civilizations.”

In an article penned by Murat Yetkin in Yetkin Report, it is alleged that Trump might engage in bargaining over Hamas and Gaza in exchange for steps such as lifting CAATSA sanctions against Turkey.

Yetkin relays that CHP leader Ozgur Ozel, in a statement on March 18, referred to the Trump-Erdogan phone call, criticizing the lack of mention of Gaza and Israel, and accused Erdogan of “selling out the Palestinian cause for Trump.”

Recalling that Trump’s special representative Steve Witkoff told Tucker Carlson in an interview that they expect “good news” from Turkey, Yetkin underscores that Witkoff also stated elsewhere in the interview, “A terrorist organization cannot run Gaza; this is unacceptable for Israel. But their disarmament is possible. Then they can stay for a while longer and even get involved in politics.”

Yetkin asks, “Is Trump supporting Erdogan because of a plan to disarm the PKK and Hamas together?” while also noting that the Secretary of the PLO Executive Committee, Hussein al-Sheikh, met with Foreign Minister Fidan in Ankara on March 19, before Fidan flew to the US.

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DIPLOMACY

Agreement reached on Black Sea navigation safety between US, Russia, and Ukraine

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According to a statement from the White House, the US has reached an agreement with Ukraine and Russia to ensure navigational safety in the Black Sea.

It was stated that both sides agreed to refrain from using force and would not permit commercial vessels to be used for military purposes.

In return, the US will assist Russia’s return to the global market for agricultural products and fertilizer exports, reduce maritime transport insurance costs, and expand access to ports and payment systems for such operations.

Additionally, Washington has reached an agreement with Kyiv and Moscow to halt mutual attacks on energy facilities.

The White House stated, “The US will continue to facilitate negotiations to achieve a peaceful resolution between the two sides.”

Simultaneously, it insists on fulfilling US President Donald Trump’s demand to “stop the killings on both sides.”

Ukrainian Defense Minister Rustem Umerov confirmed the agreement but claimed that “Russia moving its warships outside the eastern part of the Black Sea would be considered a violation of the spirit of this agreement,” a breach of obligations to ensure freedom of navigation, and constitute “a threat to national security.”

Umerov asserted that in such a situation, Ukraine would “exercise its right to self-defense.”

Umerov also reported that the presidents of all parties agreed to implement agreements on a complete cessation of attacks on the energy infrastructure of Ukraine and Russia.

Furthermore, according to Umerov, the US confirmed it would assist with prisoner exchanges, the release of civilian detainees, and the return of forcibly displaced Ukrainian children.

A provision to this effect is also included in the White House statement.

“Effective implementation of the agreements will require additional technical consultations to coordinate all details, including ensuring monitoring and control of the agreement,” Umerov added.

Russia confirmed its agreement not to use force in the Black Sea amid the ongoing war with Ukraine.

However, Moscow insists on inspections to prevent the use of commercial vessels for military purposes.

The Kremlin also emphasized that compliance with the Black Sea ceasefire would begin after sanctions related to Russia’s food and fertilizer exports are lifted.

Specifically, this involves connecting the Russian Agricultural Bank (Rosselkhozbank) to the SWIFT system and opening necessary correspondent accounts.

Besides this, Moscow expects the removal of restrictions on food and fertilizer producers and exporters, and the elimination of obstacles for insurance companies working with such cargo.

Another point is the lifting of sanctions on Russian-flagged vessels used in the trade of these products and the removal of restrictions on their servicing in ports.

Finally, the Kremlin demanded the resumption of unobstructed supplies of agricultural machinery to Russia.

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DIPLOMACY

Athens postpones Mitsotakis-Erdoğan meeting after Imamoglu arrest

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The arrest of Istanbul Mayor Ekrem Imamoglu has shaken diplomatic relations between Türkiye and Greece, leading Athens to announce the postponement of a planned meeting between the leaders of the two countries.

Greek government spokesperson Pavlos Marinakis stated, “Given these developments, it is becoming difficult to organize the High-Level Cooperation Council between Greece and Türkiye immediately.”

The High-Level Council consists of a series of meetings aimed at improving relations through “soft politics,” as progress on contentious issues such as territorial disputes has stalled.

As Kathimerini recently reported, the meeting planned between Greek leader Kyriakos Mitsotakis and Recep Tayyip Erdoğan on April 8 was not yet finalized due to the political crisis in Türkiye, even though negotiations between Athens and Ankara had reached their final stage.

The spokesperson added, “We are monitoring the developments in Türkiye. The situation remains fluid and concerning. Our stance on Imamoglu has not changed. Concessions on the rule of law and political freedoms are unacceptable, and convincing answers are needed for any concessions made.”

Marinakis mentioned that the issue could be discussed by the foreign ministers of both countries at the NATO foreign ministers’ summit in Brussels in early April.

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