America
CSIS report warns US munitions reserves depleted to critical levels following Iran conflict
The United States faces a critical depletion of its munitions warfare reserves following the conflict with Iran, leaving the Pentagon with strategic vulnerabilities that could take years to rectify, according to a comprehensive report by the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS).
The study, titled “The Last Rounds? The State of Critical Munitions in the Iran War Ceasefire,” details how high expenditure rates of Tomahawk, Patriot, and other sophisticated missile systems during recent hostilities have strained American arsenals. While CSIS analysts determined the US maintained sufficient stocks to sustain the conflict under reasonable scenarios, they warned that the primary risk lies in the nation’s ability to wage future wars.
Munition stockpiles shifted to war footing
During a 39-day air and missile campaign preceding the ceasefire, US forces heavily utilized the military’s most expensive and advanced systems. According to the report, the US may have exhausted more than 50% of its pre-war inventories for four out of seven categories of critical munitions.
“Returning to pre-war levels for seven types of munitions will take between one and four years as missiles on the production line are delivered,” the report stated. These systems are considered vital not only for Middle Eastern stability but also for potential high-intensity conflict in the Western Pacific.
CSIS analysts argued that the munitions crisis predated the war with Iran but was severely exacerbated by it. The report noted that even prior to the conflict, stockpiles were deemed insufficient for a “peer-level” struggle; this gap has widened, and building reserves appropriate for a potential conflict with China will require additional time.
The dwindling inventory is projected to directly impact US capacity to supply Patriot, Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD), and Precision Strike Missiles (PrSM) to Ukraine and other allies.
Low-cost alternatives may bolster inventory
Despite shortages in specific categories, the report acknowledged that many other ammunition types remain at acceptable levels. This suggests that the US could continue combat operations even if its most elite missiles are depleted.
The report highlighted that alternatives for land-attack missions are significantly cheaper while providing comparable explosive power. For example, a bomb equipped with a Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) guidance kit costs less than $100,000, compared to $2.6 million for a Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile (JASSM).
While both deliver approximately 450-kilogram payloads with precision, cheaper alternatives have shorter ranges, increasing the risk to launch platforms. The analysis emphasized that air superiority is a prerequisite for the widespread use of these systems, detailing the status and unit costs of JDAM, Joint Air-to-Ground Missiles (JAGM), and Small Diameter Bombs (SDB).
Furthermore, the study noted the growing importance of low-cost interceptors designed to counter unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and cruise missiles.
Deliveries to Japan face potential delays
The CSIS report categorizes seven critical munitions into two groups: long-range land-attack systems and air-and-missile defense systems. Both proved highly effective in combat, leading to the reported high expenditure rates.
The report noted that the Trump administration has announced several industrial agreements to put munitions production on a “war footing.” It observed that the President’s fiscal year 2027 budget request, which includes significant munitions procurement, underscores the “urgency of rebuilding and expanding the inventory.”
However, analysts warned that near-term deliveries are constrained by historically low order volumes. “Even if Congress allocates the requested fiscal year 2027 funds, it will take years for these missiles to be delivered,” the report cautioned.
The international ramifications are significant. Notably, the report mentioned that Japan has been informed that the delivery of 400 Tomahawk missiles may be delayed due to the war with Iran. This delay is seen as a setback for the US position in the Western Pacific as Tokyo builds military capacity to deter China.
Precision Strike Missile inventory nearly exhausted
Long-range precision munitions are considered invaluable for a conflict with China, which possesses robust air defenses and a vast inventory of cruise and ballistic missiles.
The report disclosed that US forces struck over 13,000 targets in the 39 days leading up to the ceasefire. More than 850 Tomahawk missiles were launched in the first month alone, with the total exceeding 1,000 by the time of the truce.
Data regarding the Precision Strike Missile (PrSM), a newer system that entered service in 2023, is particularly stark. The report cited one Army official claiming the entire PrSM inventory was expended during the war, though other officials maintain some stock remains. This depletion effectively eliminates the possibility of allies like Ukraine receiving the system in the near future.
THAAD missiles identified as most critical gap
In the air and missile defense category, CSIS examined the SM-3, SM-6, THAAD, and Patriot systems. While vital for the Western Pacific, their high cost and scarcity make them unsuitable for defending against low-cost drones.
The report identified THAAD interceptors as the most critical among the seven systems due to low inventory levels and a lack of alternatives. No THAAD interceptor deliveries have been made since August 2023, and they are not expected to resume until April 2027.
Beyond the missiles themselves, the report warned that the loss or damage of AN/TPY-2 radar systems—which provide targeting data for THAAD—would create a capability gap that is difficult to fill. To date, the US has received only 13 such radar units.
Patriot usage in Middle East impacts Ukraine
The strain on the Patriot system remains a focal point of the report. The current PAC-3 MSE version is used by 18 countries, creating immense global demand. Approximately half of annual production is currently allocated to supporting allies.
Ukraine, a major operator, has received over 600 missiles during its ongoing conflict. While Lockheed Martin plans to increase annual production from 600 to 2,000 units, the US faces difficult choices until that capacity is realized.
The report cited Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, who noted that “every Patriot fired in the Middle East is one fewer missile available for Ukraine.” This scarcity is reportedly prompting other allies, such as Switzerland, to seek alternative systems.
Delivery timelines exceed four years
The report detailed the industrial challenges of converting budget requests into physical hardware. Historically, production lead times averaged 24 months, but that has extended to 36 months or more as demand outpaces capacity.
When factoring in the production time for a full lot, the total delivery cycle can reach 52 months—more than four years. “Many systems are limited by production capacity, so manufacturing lead times are even longer,” the report stated, though it added an optimistic note that funding initiated by previous administrations is beginning to increase production rates.
LUCAS provides low-cost precision strike capability
Resource constraints have driven the development of cheaper alternatives. The report highlighted the Low-Cost Unmanned Combat Assault Strike (LUCAS) system, which the US military developed by reverse-engineering Iran’s Shahed-136 drone. Costing approximately $35,000, LUCAS has a range of 800 kilometers but carries a small 18-kilogram warhead.
For counter-drone operations, systems like APKWS, Roadrunner, and Coyote are being developed. However, the US still lacks a sufficient volume of inexpensive interceptors. The report noted that the US and Gulf allies have frequently used armed helicopters, fixed-wing aircraft, and air-to-air missiles like the AIM-120—which costs $1 million per unit—to down drones. Analysts emphasized that using a $1 million missile to intercept a cheap drone is not a sustainable long-term solution.
Risk projected for next conflict
CSIS explained that the US was able to sustain the recent war despite depleted stocks because the high expenditure of the first week dropped by more than 80% as Iranian drone and missile attacks subsided. US forces also transitioned from expensive systems to more abundant, cheaper munitions for ground strikes.
Nonetheless, the underlying risk remains. “A war against a capable and peer adversary like China would consume munitions at even higher rates than in this war,” the report warned.
The study concluded that the current administration appears to have adopted the theory that “winning the current war decisively is more important than preserving capacity for a future war that may never happen.” As naval assets return to the Pacific from the Middle East, the report stressed that munitions recovery will be a long-term endeavor requiring “strategic patience and industrial transformation.”
America
Nvidia board prepares to remove CEO Jensen Huang amid scandal
The Nvidia board of directors is preparing to oust company founder and Chief Executive Officer Jensen Huang, The Wall Street Journal reported, citing people familiar with the matter.
The same sources said a board meeting to address Huang’s future could take place today.
Bloomberg reported, citing a person familiar with the situation, that Nvidia’s board has hired an outside firm to identify potential candidates to succeed Huang.
The source told the news agency that company leadership is also considering the option of appointing an interim executive until a permanent successor is found.
Sources for CBS News reported that US President Donald Trump’s administration is aware of the Nvidia board’s plans.
The New York Times previously reported, citing its own sources, that Huang, who was under investigation over his links to Megaspeed executive Alice Huang, had engaged in an extramarital affair with a subordinate.
US intelligence agencies assess that Alice Huang was recruited by China’s Ministry of State Security.
According to the NYT, the affair involved Nvidia Vice President Kimberly Powell.
Two former company employees recounted that moments of Huang and Powell showing affection toward each other were captured on video during a company conference held at a hotel in California.
The NYT specifically noted that it had not viewed this video recording.
Both Huang and Powell are married to other people.
Against the backdrop of these developments, TradingView data showed Nvidia shares dropped abruptly from $165.26 to $156.46.
As of 02:00 Türkiye time, the company’s shares were trading around $159, down 8.2%.
Suspicions regarding Huang’s close ties to the Megaspeed executive emerged in early November.
According to a Financial Times report, the connection between the two was not limited to close contact, but was romantic.
In an address to employees, the Nvidia CEO admitted to being unfaithful to his wife.
Apologising for the pain he caused his wife and children, Huang did not disclose the name of the woman with whom he had the affair.
Nvidia’s board of directors had announced the launch of an independent investigation to examine potential intelligence activity targeting the CEO.
It was announced that the review would be conducted by independent board members with the participation of outside legal counsel.
Emphasising that there was as yet no evidence that state secrets or proprietary Nvidia information had been compromised, the company expressed confidence in Huang and stated that he would remain in his post.
US President Donald Trump also voiced support for the Nvidia CEO, expressing the view that he should stay in office.
China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs rejected the espionage allegations, describing them as groundless speculation and an attempt to smear the country.
According to a subsequent Reuters report, investors filed a class-action lawsuit against Nvidia and Huang.
The lawsuit accuses the company and its CEO of misleading shareholders by concealing the executive’s connections to the Megaspeed executive.
America
US voters approve bans on transgender athletes across four states
Despite the electoral success of Democrats last week, ballot measures barring transgender women and girls from competing on female sports teams were approved in four US states.
The measures passed in Arizona, Nebraska, Washington, and Colorado demonstrated that transgender rights face significant obstacles even in traditionally Democratic strongholds.
Following these ballot defeats, civil society organisations advocating for transgender athletes are preparing the ground for future campaigns by planning fresh public information initiatives.
Speaking to The Hill newspaper, Shelby Chestnut, executive director of the Transgender Law Center, said: “I certainly do not think the fight for trans kids in sports is over, but I do believe this election clearly showed that people still have a long way to go to understand what it means to support trans rights, including the right to participate in sports.”
The four statewide approved measures introduced new restrictions or expanded existing curbs on transgender athletes at primary, secondary, and collegiate levels.
Opinion polls also show that the public continues to broadly support such bans.
According to April data from the Siena College Research Institute, 59% of respondents opposed transgender athletes competing on high school teams that align with their gender identity.
In the same poll, 58% of respondents opposed transgender athletes competing on women’s teams at the collegiate level.
In Siena College’s 2025 data, the share of respondents opposing transgender athletes competing on their preferred teams stood at 65% across both high school and collegiate levels.
The narrow margins of victory for the measures in certain states provided a source of hope for transgender rights advocates.
The ballot measure in Colorado passed with 52% support.
Advocates emphasised that although the outcome was disappointing, the close result demonstrated meaningful progress in shifting public opinion.
Shannon Minter, legal director of the National Center for LGBTQ Rights, said: “Under the pressure of these measures being put to a public vote in the states, we managed to transform public opinion quite significantly in a relatively short period of time.”
Placing the issue directly before voters represented a new tactic for groups seeking to restrict transgender athletes.
Previously, 27 US states had passed laws against transgender athletes, while two states had taken similar steps through administrative regulations.
The strategy of taking the issue directly to the ballot proved successful for proponents of the restrictions.
Beth Parlato, legal counsel for the Independent Women’s Forum, said: “I think this is ingenious, and a brilliant way to protect girls’ sports.”
Noting her hope that the strategy will be used in more states, Parlato stated that their ultimate goal is the passage of federal legislation on the matter.
Activists defending transgender athletes believe they can win this fight over time.
While less than 1% of athletes in the US are estimated to be transgender, advocates argue that the issue should be addressed at the local level.
Minter noted that the matter is not an irreconcilable dilemma, stating:
“When the public gets the opportunity to understand that this is not an all-or-nothing issue, that reasonable rules can be established depending on the child’s age, the sport, and the level of competition, they are supportive; because people generally do not want to exclude anyone. Another factor people are beginning to realize, and which led to such close votes, is seeing that the real impact of these policies is subjecting all girls to scrutiny, potentially including invasive examinations or testing that many would find objectionable.”
Brian K. Bond, chief executive of the LGBTQ rights organisation PFLAG, said engaging with communities and addressing challenging topics is essential to defending transgender people.
“That means moving beyond our familiar circles and stepping outside the echo chambers created by our algorithms,” Bond said.
Rights advocates plan to challenge the restrictions in court and increase pressure on elected officials.
Outlining their strategy, Chestnut said:
“I know some groups are pointing to litigation, and there are administrative avenues being pursued as well. What is clear for us is holding newly elected members of Congress accountable, whether at the federal or local level, to ensure their policies are inclusive of transgender people.”
The ballot results reminded advocates of the measures enacted in the early 2000s to restrict same-sex marriage.
Pointing to those historical parallels, Bond said: “In the 1990s and 2000s, ballot measures were one of the primary tools used to divide communities over the rights of LGBTQ+ people. But ballot outcomes, including losses, only capture a snapshot in time; they are not a final verdict on the future of rights or what can be achieved. We believe that people ultimately value fairness and respect the diversity that strengthens our communities.”
America
Absent Democrats derail floor vote on Pete Hegseth impeachment
Democrats in the US House of Representatives are reacting with anger after Republicans blocked an impeachment push against Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth, aided by the absence of 11 Democratic lawmakers from the vote.
The eight-article impeachment resolution, drafted by Republican Representative Thomas Massie, reached the House floor on Tuesday evening and was rejected by a vote of 211 to 204.
Calculations indicate that had eight of the 11 absent Democrats been present on the floor, the impeachment process could have advanced to the next stage.
The outcome has intensified calls within the Democratic Party to tighten attendance discipline for floor votes.
The situation has also revived demands from Democratic lawmakers who advocate prioritizing Hegseth’s impeachment early next year, when they are set to take control of both chambers of Congress.
This pressure risks creating divisions with party leadership, which favours a more cautious, phased approach to executive oversight.
New York Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez emphasized that losing any vote due to absenteeism was entirely unacceptable: “This is completely unacceptable. We must bring this matter back up as soon as possible and ensure everyone shows up.”
Noting that they have an obligation to do their jobs and be present for votes, Ocasio-Cortez said, “This is what we are here for.”
Offering a similar assessment, California Representative Ro Khanna said, “We must make it clear that members absolutely have to show up for major votes.”
Khanna, who wants a vote on Hegseth’s impeachment held without delay once his party takes the House majority next year, said, “We should do this as quickly as we can.”
Asked whether hearings or an investigation would be required before bringing a resolution to the floor, Khanna replied, “No, we should move forward directly.”
This stance creates the potential for a clash with Democratic leaders, who oppose unprepared and hasty impeachment proceedings.
Although Democratic leaders supported this week’s resolution, they did not bring the measure to the floor themselves.
They state that once they secure the majority next year, they intend to conduct comprehensive inquiries into various officials in Donald Trump’s administration before taking any impeachment steps.
California Representative Pete Aguilar, who is expected to serve as House Majority Leader, stated that party leadership has no plans to revisit Hegseth’s impeachment next year.
Addressing the matter, Aguilar said, “When we are in the majority, we are committed to holding people accountable, and that will begin early on through oversight mechanisms. But there is no such item under discussion at this stage.”
Among the 11 Democrats who missed the vote, Melanie Stansbury and Jonathan Jackson reported that traffic congestion prevented them from reaching the House in time.
The office of former House Speaker Nancy Pelosi stated that she was attending a Veterans Day event in San Francisco, but noted that she supported Hegseth’s impeachment and would have voted against referring the resolution to committee.
Nevada Representative Steven Horsford announced that a personal emergency caused him to arrive late to the floor, adding that he took full responsibility.
Michigan Representative Rashida Tlaib criticized the absent lawmakers, warning that voters who delivered Democrats a majority will expect more from the new Congress.
Acknowledging that an accident had caused travel difficulties around the Capitol, Tlaib said, “However, especially when we are in the majority, we have to stay focused on our work and turn out every single vote.”
Calling for Hegseth’s impeachment early next year, Tlaib said, “I believe allowing someone to act contrary to the country’s fundamental interests would set a dangerous precedent.”
Massachusetts Representative Jim McGovern also pointed out that all lawmakers must attend votes, remarking that everyone needs to be there regardless of whether their presence would alter the outcome.
Every Democrat who took part in Tuesday’s vote opposed referring Massie’s resolution to committee.
New York Representative Joe Morelle argued that Democrats clearly demonstrated their stance against the danger Hegseth poses to the American people, asserting that the secretary is unfit for office.
Morelle noted that the caucus would hold consultations in the coming weeks regarding the path forward.
Massie, the author of the resolution, contends that Hegseth abused his authority by conducting combat operations in Iran without congressional authorization, kidnapping the president of Venezuela from his country, and directing the extrajudicial execution of suspected drug traffickers in international waters.
The Republican lawmaker had launched a similar impeachment push against Hegseth in September, but House Republican leaders averted a vote on the resolution by cancelling votes and sending lawmakers home on an early recess.
In an interview with Politico, Massie said he does not plan to reintroduce the articles of impeachment to the floor.
Holding a press conference on Tuesday, Defence Secretary Hegseth described Massie’s effort as a “political stunt” and a “personal manifesto fuelled by ego and anger.”
In his defence, Hegseth said: “In the 250-year history of the American republic, no secretary of war or defence has ever been impeached for executing lawful military operations, which in our case were successful. War Powers Act or not, it has never happened once. History is abundantly clear. A disgruntled member of Congress wants to disregard that over policy disagreements. This is nothing more than a policy disagreement.”
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