Europe
German election debate: Scholz and Merz clash over immigration, economy
Olaf Scholz, the incumbent chancellor of the Social Democrats (SPD), and Friedrich Merz, the candidate of the Christian Democrats (CDU/CSU), faced each other for the first time in a live debate program on Sunday evening.
On stage, both candidates leveled harsh accusations at each other, including “unreliable,” “ridiculous,” and “very stupid.”
Scholz’s SPD is around 15 points behind the CDU/CSU in the polls.
The harsh tone of Sunday’s duel was typical of what has become one of the most bitter and divisive campaigns Germany has seen in recent memory.
Sunday’s debate was a reminder that the days of “dignified” debate are over as the country struggles to cope with a sluggish economy, geopolitical uncertainty, and major domestic tensions over migration.
At the beginning of the debate, Scholz and Merz expressed mutual respect for each other, despite their exchange of barbs before the debate. But then “the gloves came off.”
Although both tried to maintain civility throughout the 90-minute debate, they clashed repeatedly, especially on the issue of migration, with Merz claiming that “this SPD” could not cooperate.
Immigration issue in first place
“Why would anyone be so stupid?” Scholz exclaimed in a discussion with Merz about plans to turn back all migrants at the German border. According to Scholz, this would undermine the trust of European allies.
Merz and the CDU’s immigration bill had won a majority in the Bundestag for the first time in Germany’s post-war history at the hands of the far right (AfD), but Merz reiterated his rejection of a coalition with the AfD, saying, “It’s out of the question.”
Asked about the hundreds of thousands of protesters who took to the streets across Germany to condemn Merz’s taboo-breaking move in parliament, Merz said he had support from other parts of the electorate.
“The polls are going up,” Merz said, noting that the CDU had increased by one percentage point in the latest polls, “so it can’t be that wrong. I wish this had not happened,” he said.
Scholz blamed Putin for the state of the German economy
In response, Merz described Scholz’s “rosy” picture of his government’s economic record as a “fairytale castle.”
“I am a little surprised by your perception of the state of our economy. It has nothing to do with the reality outside,” Merz said.
The Chancellor, on the other hand, seemed lost in long-winded, technical explanations, which Merz cheerfully noted that he “didn’t quite understand.”
Scholz rejected the claim that the traffic light coalition had made Germans poorer, blaming Russian President Vladimir Putin for the fact that in 2022, the war in Ukraine caused a rise in energy prices and inflation.
Merz asked Scholz “for God’s sake” why Germany was closing its three remaining nuclear power plants in 2023 in the midst of the energy crisis and called the Chancellor’s claim that Germany was not suffering from deindustrialization in the face of a deep crisis in the manufacturing sector “astonishing.”
Attempting to portray Merz as a “dangerous free-market ideologue,” Scholz accused the CDU leader of wanting to privatize Deutsche Bahn, saying he wanted to separate the running of trains in Germany from the railway network.
“This will end as badly as in the United Kingdom, where nothing works anymore and there are only broken rails and bad trains,” Scholz warned.
Merz signals relaxation of the debt brake
Nevertheless, Scholz was able to restrain himself on some issues, especially those concerning social policy, and to repel Merz’s attacks from time to time.
At one point Merz asked Scholz: “Why have so many other countries in the European Union returned to growth rates for so long and we haven’t?” To which the Chancellor replied: “Because we are better at export orientation than others.”
Another thorny issue was the constitutional debt brake. Merz said he was open to reforming the country’s strict borrowing rules while under pressure over how to finance higher defense spending.
The CDU leader conceded that Germany’s constitutional “debt brake” may require reform, saying defense spending in Europe’s largest economy would “probably go towards 3 percent” of GDP under pressure from US President Donald Trump.
After Chancellor Scholz said it was “absurd” to claim that spending cuts and economic growth alone could provide the tens of billions of dollars needed to finance a larger defense budget, Merz raised the possibility of changing the constitutional requirement that limits Germany’s structural deficit to 0.35 percent of GDP.
“I have always said that you can discuss this, but certainly not at first. First comes the savings potential, growth and also the urgently needed budget reallocations,” said Merz.
For all their hostility, the two leaders may find themselves having to form a coalition once again after the election, although this prospect seemed remote on Sunday.
With the CDU and other mainstream parties ruling out a government coalition with the AfD, this may not be as far-fetched as it seems.
Europe
EIB to unveil 15 billion euro tech initiative to scale European startups
The European Investment Bank (EIB) will announce a €15 billion initiative today, in collaboration with EU capitals and private investors, aimed at supporting the growth of European technology companies.
For decades, startups on the continent have struggled to raise the large-scale funding rounds necessary to scale on this side of the Atlantic, frequently turning to US investors or relocating abroad as they expand.
“We are catching up. Now we need to accelerate,” EIB President Nadia Calviño said.
Under the existing European Tech Champions Initiative, the EIB had already pooled resources with six EU governments to establish funds that invest in high-growth companies across the EU.
Calviño described the initiative as “very successful,” noting that it has supported 12 European “unicorn” companies valued at over $1 billion, including the German artificial intelligence translation firm DeepL.
The bank is now expanding the program with a new phase nearly four times the size of the original.
Twenty-five EU governments, alongside private investors such as Santander and Danske Bank, are expected to participate in the program.
This initial €15 billion aims to mobilize up to €80 billion in total investment. Calviño stated that this estimate is based on the multiplier effects achieved under previous programs.
As part of these efforts, the EIB also aims to attract European pension funds, which manage immense pools of capital but have historically allocated fewer resources to technology investments compared to their US counterparts.
In addition to the new funding, Calviño noted that the EIB will create a platform providing a single point of access for existing European scale-up initiatives, including the European Commission’s Scaleup Europe Fund, France’s Tibi initiative, and Germany’s Win initiative.
Europe
Germany to purchase US Tomahawk missiles to build own long-range strike capability
Germany will purchase Tomahawk cruise missiles from the United States and deploy them on German territory, Chancellor Friedrich Merz announced on Thursday.
The move marks a shift away from planned US deployments and toward Germany establishing its own long-range strike capability.
Merz told lawmakers that he finalized the agreement with the US government during the NATO summit in Ankara, adding that the talks held on Tuesday and Wednesday had exceeded his expectations.
“While we close a critical strategic gap in our defense, we are also working to develop our own European systems and deploy them in Europe,” the Chancellor said.
According to German government sources, Washington committed in a letter of intent signed on Tuesday to approve Germany’s acquisition of Tomahawk missiles and their land-based Typhon launchers in August.
The number of missiles and launchers Germany plans to purchase was not disclosed because the information is classified.
The planned acquisition appears aligned with US President Donald Trump’s pressure on European allies to cover their own security costs, such as by purchasing US weapons.
The fate of the Tomahawk procurement had become uncertain after Trump announced in May that he would reduce the US military presence in Germany.
That development was seen as a cancellation of a plan made under the previous administration to deploy a US battalion equipped with long-range Tomahawk missiles to Germany.
That original plan was designed as a temporary solution to serve as a strong deterrent against Russia while Europeans developed their own versions of such weapons.
Germany produces its own cruise missile, the Taurus, but its range of approximately 311 miles is three to five times shorter than that of the Tomahawk missiles.
Europe
Apple loses EU court appeal over Digital Markets Act gatekeeper designation
The General Court of the European Union has rejected Apple’s challenges against its “gatekeeper” status designated under the Digital Markets Act (DMA).
With this ruling, the company’s designated status for the App Store and iOS remains valid, while its applications regarding iMessage were also rejected.
Apple had argued that the five separate App Stores it operates for the iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, Mac, and Apple TV should be evaluated as distinct, individual services.
The court rejected this argument, ruling that these stores serve a common purpose of connecting developers and users, regardless of the specific device.
The court also dismissed Apple’s defense that the DMA’s interoperability obligations violate its fundamental rights.
However, it did not conduct a substantive assessment on the legality of this obligation, stating that a direct legal link could not be established between the regulation in question and the determination of “gatekeeper” status.
Following the ruling, Apple argued that the obligations under the DMA “exceed the boundaries of legality and proportionality.” The company asserted that the new rules jeopardize the work it has carried out for years to ensure user privacy and security.
Apple retains the right to appeal the decision, though a company spokesperson did not comment on whether there are plans to do so.
Apple previously declared that DMA rules prevented the launch of the updated version of Siri in Europe, resulting in European users being unable to benefit from the service.
In force in the European Union since 2024, the DMA covers a total of 22 services and products belonging to Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, ByteDance, Meta Platforms, and Microsoft.
The regulation obliges these companies to share certain data with competitors, provide access to user-generated data, and offer verification tools to advertising partners.
Additionally, it prohibits platforms from engaging in anti-competitive practices that favor their own products. Companies failing to comply with the rules face fines of up to 10% of their global turnover, which can rise to 20% in cases of repeated violations.
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