Europe
IG Metall warns of urgent need to combat deindustrialisation in Europe
Jürgen Kerner, vice-president of Germany’s largest trade union, IG Metall, warned that Europe’s former industrial heartland must act urgently to overcome economic turmoil and prevent deindustrialisation, which has already led to thousands of job cuts.
IG Metall represents 2.2 million workers in the automobile, machinery, steel, and electronics industries. Numerous companies have announced layoffs in recent months, including Germany’s largest carmaker, Volkswagen; the largest steelmaker, ThyssenKrupp; and various automotive suppliers.
Kerner argued to Euractiv that the EU and the new government “can still stop job losses” with “joint action.”
The trade unionist explained that they are currently facing both a crisis of demand and a crisis related to industrial transformation. He emphasized that it is still possible to halt three years of job losses in energy-intensive sectors to counter this trend.
“For this, politicians must act together, but employers must also act responsibly,” said Kerner, arguing that the share of industry in Germany’s GDP must be increased again.
According to Kerner, all industrialised countries in Europe are in crisis, but Germany has one of the highest industrial shares. Since all industries are internationally interconnected, when German industry weakens, the impact spreads from Central Europe to the East and West.
The challenges are similar everywhere, Kerner noted, including the fact that markets are no longer as open as they used to be and that high energy costs persist, as illustrated by “America First” policies and industrial strategies in China.
When reminded that economists often argue that the transition from industry to services is “a natural part of economic development,” Kerner responded: “We have to accept that deindustrialisation in the US or the UK, for example, has not led to a richer society but has left many people working in services that they cannot make a living from. The proportion of highly skilled services is not sufficient to replace industrial jobs. As a trade union, we need to make it clear that we can’t all make a living cutting hair.”
“We want answers that normal people can understand,” the union leader said, adding that America and China have completely closed their doors in various technologies and sectors. This means that excess capacity is being brought to Europe, and Europe must respond accordingly.
“If you want to sell products in Europe, they must have a European production share,” Kerner said, adding that they also want Chinese cars to be produced in Europe—not just final assembly, but also with a certain proportion of local suppliers.
Kerner pointed out that what he fundamentally rejected was allowing products to be sold in Europe at “dumping prices” or produced under poor working conditions, leading to the disappearance of European production.
“My impression is that [European Commission President] Ursula von der Leyen has also realised that we need this,” Kerner claimed.
Asked whether this transformation would jeopardise the German export model, Kerner responded: “We have to take into account what is happening in the US and China. So I don’t think we are jeopardising anything.”
Kerner said that Trump and China were not models for them because these countries had “completely closed themselves off.” He pointed out that no one from IG Metall had called for “100 per cent European production.”
Kerner concluded: “We just want to make it clear: If you want to be active in the European market, you must bring a certain amount of production share with you. We can do this without bringing the trade that we Germans, in particular, benefit from to a standstill.”
Europe
EIB to unveil 15 billion euro tech initiative to scale European startups
The European Investment Bank (EIB) will announce a €15 billion initiative today, in collaboration with EU capitals and private investors, aimed at supporting the growth of European technology companies.
For decades, startups on the continent have struggled to raise the large-scale funding rounds necessary to scale on this side of the Atlantic, frequently turning to US investors or relocating abroad as they expand.
“We are catching up. Now we need to accelerate,” EIB President Nadia Calviño said.
Under the existing European Tech Champions Initiative, the EIB had already pooled resources with six EU governments to establish funds that invest in high-growth companies across the EU.
Calviño described the initiative as “very successful,” noting that it has supported 12 European “unicorn” companies valued at over $1 billion, including the German artificial intelligence translation firm DeepL.
The bank is now expanding the program with a new phase nearly four times the size of the original.
Twenty-five EU governments, alongside private investors such as Santander and Danske Bank, are expected to participate in the program.
This initial €15 billion aims to mobilize up to €80 billion in total investment. Calviño stated that this estimate is based on the multiplier effects achieved under previous programs.
As part of these efforts, the EIB also aims to attract European pension funds, which manage immense pools of capital but have historically allocated fewer resources to technology investments compared to their US counterparts.
In addition to the new funding, Calviño noted that the EIB will create a platform providing a single point of access for existing European scale-up initiatives, including the European Commission’s Scaleup Europe Fund, France’s Tibi initiative, and Germany’s Win initiative.
Europe
Germany to purchase US Tomahawk missiles to build own long-range strike capability
Germany will purchase Tomahawk cruise missiles from the United States and deploy them on German territory, Chancellor Friedrich Merz announced on Thursday.
The move marks a shift away from planned US deployments and toward Germany establishing its own long-range strike capability.
Merz told lawmakers that he finalized the agreement with the US government during the NATO summit in Ankara, adding that the talks held on Tuesday and Wednesday had exceeded his expectations.
“While we close a critical strategic gap in our defense, we are also working to develop our own European systems and deploy them in Europe,” the Chancellor said.
According to German government sources, Washington committed in a letter of intent signed on Tuesday to approve Germany’s acquisition of Tomahawk missiles and their land-based Typhon launchers in August.
The number of missiles and launchers Germany plans to purchase was not disclosed because the information is classified.
The planned acquisition appears aligned with US President Donald Trump’s pressure on European allies to cover their own security costs, such as by purchasing US weapons.
The fate of the Tomahawk procurement had become uncertain after Trump announced in May that he would reduce the US military presence in Germany.
That development was seen as a cancellation of a plan made under the previous administration to deploy a US battalion equipped with long-range Tomahawk missiles to Germany.
That original plan was designed as a temporary solution to serve as a strong deterrent against Russia while Europeans developed their own versions of such weapons.
Germany produces its own cruise missile, the Taurus, but its range of approximately 311 miles is three to five times shorter than that of the Tomahawk missiles.
Europe
Apple loses EU court appeal over Digital Markets Act gatekeeper designation
The General Court of the European Union has rejected Apple’s challenges against its “gatekeeper” status designated under the Digital Markets Act (DMA).
With this ruling, the company’s designated status for the App Store and iOS remains valid, while its applications regarding iMessage were also rejected.
Apple had argued that the five separate App Stores it operates for the iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, Mac, and Apple TV should be evaluated as distinct, individual services.
The court rejected this argument, ruling that these stores serve a common purpose of connecting developers and users, regardless of the specific device.
The court also dismissed Apple’s defense that the DMA’s interoperability obligations violate its fundamental rights.
However, it did not conduct a substantive assessment on the legality of this obligation, stating that a direct legal link could not be established between the regulation in question and the determination of “gatekeeper” status.
Following the ruling, Apple argued that the obligations under the DMA “exceed the boundaries of legality and proportionality.” The company asserted that the new rules jeopardize the work it has carried out for years to ensure user privacy and security.
Apple retains the right to appeal the decision, though a company spokesperson did not comment on whether there are plans to do so.
Apple previously declared that DMA rules prevented the launch of the updated version of Siri in Europe, resulting in European users being unable to benefit from the service.
In force in the European Union since 2024, the DMA covers a total of 22 services and products belonging to Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, ByteDance, Meta Platforms, and Microsoft.
The regulation obliges these companies to share certain data with competitors, provide access to user-generated data, and offer verification tools to advertising partners.
Additionally, it prohibits platforms from engaging in anti-competitive practices that favor their own products. Companies failing to comply with the rules face fines of up to 10% of their global turnover, which can rise to 20% in cases of repeated violations.
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