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Italy faces backlash for refusing to take back migrants under Dublin rules

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The number of migrants Italy refuses to take back is increasing. Italy has accepted only three of the 12,841 migrants that Germany wants it to take back under Dublin rules, adding to the bureaucratic uncertainty of a system that Rome officially supports.

The 12,841 migrants in question are individuals who arrived in Italy before traveling to Germany. Under the Dublin rules, Italy is responsible for processing their asylum claims and providing them with accommodation. Over the past two years, however, the Italian government has quietly ignored these obligations, fueling tensions with European governments, especially Germany.

According to Eurostat figures, in 2023, Italy received 42,468 requests from other member states to receive migrants under the Dublin rules—the highest number of any member state—followed by Bulgaria (18,145). At the other end of the spectrum, Germany and then France leads the way in requests to other countries to receive migrants under Dublin, with 74,620 and 48,724 respectively.

“What Germany is demanding from Italy is technically correct, but it is based on flawed and unfair rules created by the Dublin Regulation, which only create new problems,” Pasqualino Penza, an Italian Five Star Movement MEP and member of the parliament’s interior committee, told Euractiv .

The Italian Interior Ministry refuses to comment publicly, but sources confirmed to Euractiv that the suspension is due to the large number of arrivals from North Africa straining Italy’s reception system. These were the same arguments used by the Italian government in late 2024 when it issued a circular calling on the 27 EU member states to temporarily halt transfers, citing a lack of space in reception centers.

Penza argued that Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni should not have reaffirmed Italy’s commitment to Dublin rules by signing the new EU agreement on migration and asylum, describing the move as “pointless and clumsy.” The opposition MP argued that the agreement would almost double Italy’s responsibility for migrants and speed up the process of returning migrants under Dublin rules.

Matteo Mauri, a Democratic Party MP and deputy chairman of the parliamentary home affairs committee, also believes that Meloni’s decision is politically motivated. “He didn’t want to clash with his nationalist friends like [Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor] Orbán. It is clear that nationalist leaders cannot cooperate when they have conflicting interests,” Mauri told Euractiv .

According to Mauri, Meloni preferred to sign the agreement rather than push for reforms to the Dublin Regulation but then tried to circumvent them by not implementing the rules. “It is too easy to say that Dublin should not be changed and then try to solve the problem by ignoring European regulations,” Mauri said.

The EU Court of Justice has also intervened in the matter. In December, it ruled against Italy in a case brought by two Syrian nationals whose asylum claims were rejected in Germany on the grounds that Italy was responsible for the processing of their applications. The judgment confirmed that Italy cannot unilaterally suspend the Dublin rules without a reasoned legal judgment. According to the court, a unilateral suspension does not constitute a “systemic failure,” which is the only legal condition for a country to refuse to take back persons it is required to take under the Dublin rules.

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EIB to unveil 15 billion euro tech initiative to scale European startups

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The European Investment Bank (EIB) will announce a €15 billion initiative today, in collaboration with EU capitals and private investors, aimed at supporting the growth of European technology companies.

For decades, startups on the continent have struggled to raise the large-scale funding rounds necessary to scale on this side of the Atlantic, frequently turning to US investors or relocating abroad as they expand.

“We are catching up. Now we need to accelerate,” EIB President Nadia Calviño said.

Under the existing European Tech Champions Initiative, the EIB had already pooled resources with six EU governments to establish funds that invest in high-growth companies across the EU.

Calviño described the initiative as “very successful,” noting that it has supported 12 European “unicorn” companies valued at over $1 billion, including the German artificial intelligence translation firm DeepL.

The bank is now expanding the program with a new phase nearly four times the size of the original.

Twenty-five EU governments, alongside private investors such as Santander and Danske Bank, are expected to participate in the program.

This initial €15 billion aims to mobilize up to €80 billion in total investment. Calviño stated that this estimate is based on the multiplier effects achieved under previous programs.

As part of these efforts, the EIB also aims to attract European pension funds, which manage immense pools of capital but have historically allocated fewer resources to technology investments compared to their US counterparts.

In addition to the new funding, Calviño noted that the EIB will create a platform providing a single point of access for existing European scale-up initiatives, including the European Commission’s Scaleup Europe Fund, France’s Tibi initiative, and Germany’s Win initiative.

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Germany to purchase US Tomahawk missiles to build own long-range strike capability

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Germany will purchase Tomahawk cruise missiles from the United States and deploy them on German territory, Chancellor Friedrich Merz announced on Thursday.

The move marks a shift away from planned US deployments and toward Germany establishing its own long-range strike capability.

Merz told lawmakers that he finalized the agreement with the US government during the NATO summit in Ankara, adding that the talks held on Tuesday and Wednesday had exceeded his expectations.

“While we close a critical strategic gap in our defense, we are also working to develop our own European systems and deploy them in Europe,” the Chancellor said.

According to German government sources, Washington committed in a letter of intent signed on Tuesday to approve Germany’s acquisition of Tomahawk missiles and their land-based Typhon launchers in August.

The number of missiles and launchers Germany plans to purchase was not disclosed because the information is classified.

The planned acquisition appears aligned with US President Donald Trump’s pressure on European allies to cover their own security costs, such as by purchasing US weapons.

The fate of the Tomahawk procurement had become uncertain after Trump announced in May that he would reduce the US military presence in Germany.

That development was seen as a cancellation of a plan made under the previous administration to deploy a US battalion equipped with long-range Tomahawk missiles to Germany.

That original plan was designed as a temporary solution to serve as a strong deterrent against Russia while Europeans developed their own versions of such weapons.

Germany produces its own cruise missile, the Taurus, but its range of approximately 311 miles is three to five times shorter than that of the Tomahawk missiles.

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Apple loses EU court appeal over Digital Markets Act gatekeeper designation

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The General Court of the European Union has rejected Apple’s challenges against its “gatekeeper” status designated under the Digital Markets Act (DMA).

With this ruling, the company’s designated status for the App Store and iOS remains valid, while its applications regarding iMessage were also rejected.

Apple had argued that the five separate App Stores it operates for the iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, Mac, and Apple TV should be evaluated as distinct, individual services.

The court rejected this argument, ruling that these stores serve a common purpose of connecting developers and users, regardless of the specific device.

The court also dismissed Apple’s defense that the DMA’s interoperability obligations violate its fundamental rights.

However, it did not conduct a substantive assessment on the legality of this obligation, stating that a direct legal link could not be established between the regulation in question and the determination of “gatekeeper” status.

Following the ruling, Apple argued that the obligations under the DMA “exceed the boundaries of legality and proportionality.” The company asserted that the new rules jeopardize the work it has carried out for years to ensure user privacy and security.

Apple retains the right to appeal the decision, though a company spokesperson did not comment on whether there are plans to do so.

Apple previously declared that DMA rules prevented the launch of the updated version of Siri in Europe, resulting in European users being unable to benefit from the service.

In force in the European Union since 2024, the DMA covers a total of 22 services and products belonging to Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, ByteDance, Meta Platforms, and Microsoft.

The regulation obliges these companies to share certain data with competitors, provide access to user-generated data, and offer verification tools to advertising partners.

Additionally, it prohibits platforms from engaging in anti-competitive practices that favor their own products. Companies failing to comply with the rules face fines of up to 10% of their global turnover, which can rise to 20% in cases of repeated violations.

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