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Polish president to demand WWII reparations during Berlin visit

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Polish President Karol Nawrocki, supported by the opposition conservative-right Law and Justice (PiS) party, is set to meet with Chancellor Friedrich Merz in Berlin.

PiS is demanding that Berlin pay reparations for Nazi Germany’s invasion and occupation of Poland during World War II.

Relations between Poland and Germany have oscillated between close cooperation and open conflict in recent years. Although the two countries have strong trade relations and increasing cooperation in defense, Nawrocki and PiS politicians criticize the EU’s interference in Poland’s internal affairs and express ongoing anger over the historical damage inflicted on Poland by Nazi Germany.

Knut Abraham, the German Foreign Ministry’s coordinator for Polish relations, said the relationship is extremely sensitive. “Even a half-sentence spoken incorrectly can lead to major turmoil,” he stated.

Nawrocki, a former boxer, in many ways represents the “Polish populism” that most troubles Merz and his allies. The Polish president was elected in June on a “Poland First” platform, which demands that the Merz government pay reparations.

No press conference will be held

At a World War II commemoration ceremony earlier this month, Nawrocki said, “Reparations cannot be an alternative to historical memory, but Poland, a key country on NATO’s eastern flank, needs justice and truth [and] clear relations with Germany.”

Nawrocki’s spokesman, Rafał Leśkiewicz, said the president “will definitely raise this issue” during his visit to Berlin.

The Polish president will meet with Merz and German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier. As no press conference is planned, the likelihood of the disagreement becoming public is limited.

After coming to power, the Tusk government withdrew the previous PiS government’s demand for €1.3 trillion in reparations from Germany. Nawrocki continues to support this figure.

Nawrocki, “Trump’s man in Poland”

Despite the tensions, Nawrocki could be useful to Merz and other European leaders in one sense: he has the ear of US President Donald Trump, according to POLITICO.

Trump endorsed Nawrocki before this year’s Polish presidential election and welcomed him with great enthusiasm at the White House earlier this month.

After Russian drones entered Polish airspace last week, Trump called Nawrocki, not Tusk. When Trump held a phone call earlier this month with leaders of the “coalition of the willing” countries providing security guarantees to Ukraine, the White House again called Nawrocki, not Tusk.

This is despite Nawrocki’s position in Polish politics being somewhat ceremonial. Although the Polish president has the power to veto legislation and has used this authority to block Tusk’s agenda, it is Tusk and his ministers who manage foreign policy and defense matters.

Trump’s overt efforts to bypass Tusk have caused tension between the Polish government and the Polish president. “There cannot be two different foreign policies,” said Polish Foreign Ministry spokesman Paweł Wroński earlier this month.

Given this dynamic, it seems unlikely that German and European leaders will take any steps that would weaken Tusk’s position.

The Tusk administration does not want to jeopardize the German market

While the Tusk government believes there is a moral justification for reparations, it argues they are not legally feasible and suggests that pursuing them would damage relations with Germany, Poland’s largest export market.

Instead, Polish Foreign Minister Radosław Sikorski has proposed that the German government provide a “visible sign” acknowledging the damages Poland suffered during the war. Examples include a documentation center or a dialogue center that would recognize the suffering of Poles while also serving as a memorial.

In April, a temporary memorial was erected in Berlin using a 30-ton rock to commemorate the Polish victims of Nazi Germany. A permanent memorial is planned, but it first requires a resolution from the German Bundestag.

However, such gestures are unlikely to satisfy the reparation demands of PiS politicians, given that a large portion of the Polish electorate supports the party’s stance.

According to a poll by SW Research for the news portal Onet, 54% of respondents supported reparations, while 27% opposed the idea.

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EIB to unveil 15 billion euro tech initiative to scale European startups

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The European Investment Bank (EIB) will announce a €15 billion initiative today, in collaboration with EU capitals and private investors, aimed at supporting the growth of European technology companies.

For decades, startups on the continent have struggled to raise the large-scale funding rounds necessary to scale on this side of the Atlantic, frequently turning to US investors or relocating abroad as they expand.

“We are catching up. Now we need to accelerate,” EIB President Nadia Calviño said.

Under the existing European Tech Champions Initiative, the EIB had already pooled resources with six EU governments to establish funds that invest in high-growth companies across the EU.

Calviño described the initiative as “very successful,” noting that it has supported 12 European “unicorn” companies valued at over $1 billion, including the German artificial intelligence translation firm DeepL.

The bank is now expanding the program with a new phase nearly four times the size of the original.

Twenty-five EU governments, alongside private investors such as Santander and Danske Bank, are expected to participate in the program.

This initial €15 billion aims to mobilize up to €80 billion in total investment. Calviño stated that this estimate is based on the multiplier effects achieved under previous programs.

As part of these efforts, the EIB also aims to attract European pension funds, which manage immense pools of capital but have historically allocated fewer resources to technology investments compared to their US counterparts.

In addition to the new funding, Calviño noted that the EIB will create a platform providing a single point of access for existing European scale-up initiatives, including the European Commission’s Scaleup Europe Fund, France’s Tibi initiative, and Germany’s Win initiative.

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Germany to purchase US Tomahawk missiles to build own long-range strike capability

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Germany will purchase Tomahawk cruise missiles from the United States and deploy them on German territory, Chancellor Friedrich Merz announced on Thursday.

The move marks a shift away from planned US deployments and toward Germany establishing its own long-range strike capability.

Merz told lawmakers that he finalized the agreement with the US government during the NATO summit in Ankara, adding that the talks held on Tuesday and Wednesday had exceeded his expectations.

“While we close a critical strategic gap in our defense, we are also working to develop our own European systems and deploy them in Europe,” the Chancellor said.

According to German government sources, Washington committed in a letter of intent signed on Tuesday to approve Germany’s acquisition of Tomahawk missiles and their land-based Typhon launchers in August.

The number of missiles and launchers Germany plans to purchase was not disclosed because the information is classified.

The planned acquisition appears aligned with US President Donald Trump’s pressure on European allies to cover their own security costs, such as by purchasing US weapons.

The fate of the Tomahawk procurement had become uncertain after Trump announced in May that he would reduce the US military presence in Germany.

That development was seen as a cancellation of a plan made under the previous administration to deploy a US battalion equipped with long-range Tomahawk missiles to Germany.

That original plan was designed as a temporary solution to serve as a strong deterrent against Russia while Europeans developed their own versions of such weapons.

Germany produces its own cruise missile, the Taurus, but its range of approximately 311 miles is three to five times shorter than that of the Tomahawk missiles.

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Apple loses EU court appeal over Digital Markets Act gatekeeper designation

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The General Court of the European Union has rejected Apple’s challenges against its “gatekeeper” status designated under the Digital Markets Act (DMA).

With this ruling, the company’s designated status for the App Store and iOS remains valid, while its applications regarding iMessage were also rejected.

Apple had argued that the five separate App Stores it operates for the iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, Mac, and Apple TV should be evaluated as distinct, individual services.

The court rejected this argument, ruling that these stores serve a common purpose of connecting developers and users, regardless of the specific device.

The court also dismissed Apple’s defense that the DMA’s interoperability obligations violate its fundamental rights.

However, it did not conduct a substantive assessment on the legality of this obligation, stating that a direct legal link could not be established between the regulation in question and the determination of “gatekeeper” status.

Following the ruling, Apple argued that the obligations under the DMA “exceed the boundaries of legality and proportionality.” The company asserted that the new rules jeopardize the work it has carried out for years to ensure user privacy and security.

Apple retains the right to appeal the decision, though a company spokesperson did not comment on whether there are plans to do so.

Apple previously declared that DMA rules prevented the launch of the updated version of Siri in Europe, resulting in European users being unable to benefit from the service.

In force in the European Union since 2024, the DMA covers a total of 22 services and products belonging to Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, ByteDance, Meta Platforms, and Microsoft.

The regulation obliges these companies to share certain data with competitors, provide access to user-generated data, and offer verification tools to advertising partners.

Additionally, it prohibits platforms from engaging in anti-competitive practices that favor their own products. Companies failing to comply with the rules face fines of up to 10% of their global turnover, which can rise to 20% in cases of repeated violations.

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