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Who will be Vietnam’s next president after Thuong’s resignation?

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The apparent purge of Vo Van Thuong, a rising political star and the second Vietnamese president in a row to resign, has caused public consternation.

On Thursday, Vietnam’s parliament formally accepted Thuong’s resignation after more than a year in office.

Thuong’s departure leaves a potential gap in the list of leadership candidates as Vietnam’s most powerful politician, 79-year-old General Secretary Nguyen Phu Trong, prepares to hand over power in the coming years.

Vietnamese have told This Week in Asia they are anxious that the anti-corruption campaign, which has targeted top politicians and wealthy businessmen since 2020, now includes another high-ranking figure.

“Everything is fast and furious,” said Minh, a Ho Chi Minh City resident who requested anonymity, adding: “Who will be the next president? I have no idea how this country will be run.

Thuong’s resignation follows that of Ngyuen Xuan Phuc, the former head of the powerful Politburo, as a purge of the Communist Party’s top ranks continues.

The sudden resignation comes as Vietnam, one of Southeast Asia’s fastest-growing major economies, plans to invest in the region, with global companies such as Intel, Apple and Microsoft looking to hedge risks by moving their supply chains out of China.

Last year, Vietnam was the only country to host both US President Joe Biden and Chinese President Xi Jinping, signalling its strategic importance to both superpowers.

“His departure is a big shock for Vietnamese politics,” said Nguyen Khac Giang, a visiting fellow at the ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute, adding that the departure of two leaders in less than two years does not bode well for a country often praised for its political stability.

Alleged corruption in infrastructure projects

Although the role is largely ceremonial, the presidency is one of the four most powerful positions in the communist country’s political system. Thuong is also known to have close ties to General Secretary Nguyen Phu Trong, Vietnam’s most powerful politician and the chief architect of the party’s anti-corruption campaign.

Thuong was elected by parliament in March 2023, about two months after his predecessor resigned to take responsibility for another anti-corruption case.

According to state media reports, Thuong’s sentence came after police last month arrested the chairman of the Phuc Son Group, a private construction company, for ‘violating accounting regulations with serious consequences’. A subsequent investigation allegedly uncovered Vo Van Thuong’s links to contracts for infrastructure projects when he was party chief of Quang Ngai province from 2011 to 2013.

His fall also creates a bureaucratic vacuum for the party, which will hold its next congress in 2026 and is likely to elect a replacement for General Secretary Trong.

“In the current Politburo, there are only three members who can be elected to the four pillars of leadership – party secretary, prime minister, head of state and speaker of the National Assembly,” Carlyle Thayer, professor emeritus of politics at UNSW’s School of Humanities and Social Sciences, told the South China Morning Post: “Had Thuong not resigned, he would have been the youngest of the four members. Any other sitting member of the Politburo would have needed a special exemption from the mandatory retirement age of 65 to serve in one of the top four posts.”

The Communist Party of Vietnam has been waging a major anti-corruption campaign for some time. The campaign targets politicians as well as businessmen.

Earlier this month, Vietnamese property tycoon Truong My Lan was found guilty of embezzlement, bribery, abuse of power through family and proxies, and using “ghost” companies to obtain loans in a US$12 billion bank fraud.

Prosecutors recommended the death penalty for Lan on Tuesday.

Also on Tuesday, Do Anh Dung, chairman of property developer Tan Hoang Minh, and his son Do Hoang Viet were charged with illegally issuing bonds to raise more than US$349 million, according to state media.

ASIA

Syria will not follow Afghanistan’s Taliban model of governance

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In an astonishing statement, Ahmed Shará, also known as Abu Mohamad Jolani, the leader of the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) said that he will allow the girls to go to schools and will not turn Syria like Afghanistan under the rule of the Taliban.

Jolani, the de facto ruler of Syria, said that he will distance himself from the Taliban’s strict policies on women’s rights, and said that Syria will not follow the Taliban’s mode of governance.  

Jolani, who brought down the government of Bashar al-Assad and also widely welcomed by the Taliban, said that he believes in the education of women and girls and will not make Syria like Afghanistan.

“Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal. The Afghan model cannot be applied here,” Jolani told a BBC reporter.

Jolani says that Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal.

Jolani’s comment came when the Taliban congratulated the HTS-led victory by Jolani over Assad’s regime after years of fighting. The Afghan Foreign Ministry celebrated Jolani’s victory through a statement and hoped Jolani can bring peace and stability in the country.

“It is hoped that the power transition process is advanced in a manner that lays the foundation of a sovereign and serve-oriented Islamic government in the line with the aspiration of the Syrian people; that unifies the entire population without discrimination and retribution through adoption of a general assembly; and a positive foreign policy with world countries the safeguard Syria from a threat of negative rivalries of foreign actors and creates conditions for the return of millions of refugees,” the statement by Taliban Foreign Ministry.

However, Jolan’s position on the rights of women and girls is in great contrast with the current view of the Taliban leadership. Women and girls have been banned from education and work since the return of the Taliban in August 2021, following the collapse of the Republic System and withdrawal of the US troops from Afghanistan. Girls and women are even banned from medical institutions and visiting public spaces.

Jolani says he has a plan to create a government based institution and a council chosen by the people. 

The situation got worse when the Taliban’s Ministry for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice called women’s voices “immodest” compounding their exclusion from public life. This year, it has been marked as three years since girls were banned from pursuing education over sixth grade. Besides that, on December 20, 2022, the Taliban’s Ministry of Higher Education announced that women would be barred from attending public and private universities.    

In an interview with CNN, Jolani said that he has a plan to create a government based on institutions and a “council chosen by the people.”

“When we talk about objectives, the goal of the revolution remains the overthrow of this regime. It is our right to use all available means to achieve that goal,” said Jolani.

“The seeds of the regime’s defeat have always been within it… the Iranians attempted to revive the regime, buying it time, and later the Russians also tried to prop it up. But the truth remains: this regime is dead.”

Moreover, he also said the Syrian people are the “rightful owners” of the country after the ouster of Assad, and declared a “new history” has been written for the entire Middle East.

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ASIA

Yoon summoned again for questioning on treason charges

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A joint law enforcement team investigating South Korea’s martial law case announced on Friday that it has issued a second summons to ousted President Yoon Suk Yeol, requesting his presence for questioning next week. The inquiry concerns his alleged involvement in the failed implementation of martial law.

The team has scheduled the questioning for 10:00 a.m. next Wednesday at the Corruption Investigation Office for Senior Officials (CIO) headquarters in Gwacheon, located just south of Seoul. This marks the second summons after Yoon refused to cooperate with the initial notice earlier this week.

The decision to hold the questioning on a public holiday appears to be a strategic move by the CIO, likely aimed at addressing security concerns. The office confirmed that the summonses were delivered via express mail and electronically to both Yoon’s residence and the presidential office in Yongsan. Notably, after Yoon’s team refused to accept the first subpoena, the CIO opted against delivering the documents in person for this round.

The investigation focuses on Yoon’s role in the December 3 martial law declaration, which he revoked following a vote in the National Assembly. If Yoon continues to disregard the summons without valid justification, the CIO may seek a court order to detain him for up to 48 hours.

Yoon faces allegations of sedition and abuse of office, charges that have gained traction since his dismissal by parliament last Saturday. His suspension from office remains in effect pending a decision by the Constitutional Court, which will determine whether he is permanently removed or reinstated.

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ASIA

Xi Jinping champions economic diversification during Macau visit

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During a three-day visit to Macau commemorating the 25th anniversary of its return to Chinese sovereignty from Portugal, President Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of economic diversification and maintaining the “one country, two systems” framework.

Speaking at the swearing-in ceremony for Macau’s new Chief Executive Officer, Sam Hou-fai, Xi urged the administration to make economic diversification the city’s primary focus. Sam, the fourth leader since the 1999 handover and the first mainland-born Chinese official to hold the position, is expected to align closely with Beijing’s objectives to reduce Macau’s reliance on gambling. The gambling industry, which accounts for approximately 80% of Macau’s tax revenue, has been the cornerstone of its rapid economic growth in recent years.

“Macau should prioritize proper economic diversification,” Xi stated, calling for enhanced policy support and investment in emerging sectors. He also reiterated the significance of the “one country, two systems” principle, stressing its role in ensuring the city’s “prosperity and stability” for the long term.

Xi’s visit included stops at the Macau University of Science and Technology, where he explored laboratories focusing on traditional Chinese medicine and planetary science. He also attended a cultural performance at the Macau Dome and met with local stakeholders, according to Chinese state media. His trip marked a shift in tone, with Anthony Lawrence, founder of Intelligence Macau, noting that it was the first time Xi publicly praised Macau for its progress rather than delivering critiques or instructions.

Since the liberalization of Macau’s gaming monopoly in 2002, the city has attracted significant foreign investment, including from prominent US casino operators such as Las Vegas Sands, MGM, and Wynn Resorts. However, the economy struggled during the COVID-19 pandemic due to travel restrictions, and recovery has only recently begun.

On Friday, Macau’s casinos were bustling with visitors, while non-gaming initiatives like a stamp exhibition co-organized by MGM China and Beijing’s Palace Museum showcased the city’s efforts to diversify its offerings.

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