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Federal courts weigh religious freedom against ICE enforcement tactics

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Numerous religious congregations have filed lawsuits challenging the Trump administration’s decision to rescind a 30-year policy restricting Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) operations at or near houses of worship. The organizations contend that the policy change effectively bars clergy from providing “pastoral care” to individuals held in temporary detention facilities.

Religious groups, representing thousands of congregations across various faiths, have initiated legal action in response to these policy shifts, securing favorable rulings from several federal judges.

As reported by Politico, Ingrid Rasmussen, head pastor of the Holy Trinity Lutheran Church in Minneapolis, referenced President Donald Trump’s State of the Union address, stating: “The President said religious freedom is important to him. But I cannot help but wonder if this administration believes that only certain people should have the right to practice their faith and accept visits from religious leaders they trust.”

Some federal judges have found that the administration’s drive for mass deportations impedes the religious rights of not only the immigrants but also the congregations that welcome them.

The legal battles center on the constitutional right to free exercise of religion and the Religious Freedom Restoration Act, which requires the government to utilize the “least restrictive means” in instances where official action hinders religious observance.

Earlier this month, US District Judge Robert Gettleman determined that the restrictions imposed by ICE at a detention center in the Chicago area “significantly burdened” the rights of clergy serving immigrants. Judge Gettleman ordered ICE to grant these individuals limited access to the facility to provide “ashes and communion” on Ash Wednesday.

In Minnesota, US District Judge Jerry Blackwell scheduled a hearing for March 13 regarding a similar lawsuit brought by religious organizations and clergy seeking access to the Bishop Henry Whipple Federal Building in Minnesota.

These disputes are part of a broader conflict regarding the administration’s “Day 1” policy change, which rescinded decades-old restrictions on ICE operations at “sensitive locations,” including churches, hospitals, and schools. This change eliminated “hard rules” for operations at these sites, replacing them with guidance for local ICE officials to exercise “common sense.”

Religious organizations representing thousands of congregations have filed lawsuits, arguing that this policy shift has led to a measurable decline in attendance at houses of worship that welcome immigrants. The threat of enforcement actions has chilled public expression, altered decisions regarding the appointment of immigrants to leadership positions, and compelled congregations to consider new security measures to protect their members.

The Trump administration maintains that these concerns are exaggerated. Department of Homeland Security spokesperson Tricia McLaughlin stated: “The Freedom of Worship clause does not permit unlawful conduct. Those who are here legally and have not broken other laws have nothing to fear. Elected officials and clergy who choose to spread fear by distorting the truth are doing our country a great disservice… We are protecting our schools and houses of worship by preventing criminal aliens and gang members from exploiting these places and finding sanctuary.”

In court, the administration’s argument is straightforward: ICE has conducted very few enforcement operations at churches, and therefore, fears of frequent future operations cannot be legally challenged.

However, a panel of the federal appeals court in Washington, D.C., appeared skeptical of this position during arguments this month in a case brought by Christian and Jewish congregations, who are demanding that ICE obtain judicial warrants before conducting operations near houses of worship.

During the proceedings, Judge Robert Wilkins remarked: “We are going to lift the barriers to enforcement at houses of worship, but the court is supposed to assume that, even though we are enforcing everywhere else, we will not enforce at houses of worship? Make that make sense.”

Judge Florence Pan added that requiring ICE to obtain warrants for operations at churches would effectively render houses of worship “safer than your own home.”

Quaker, Baptist, and Sikh congregations secured a smaller-scale preliminary injunction last year, mere weeks after the administration rescinded the former restrictions.

Irina Vaynerman, CEO of Groundwork Legal and lead attorney for the clergy seeking access to the Whipple building in Minnesota, stated that the crux of this struggle is the fundamental need to show human dignity to individuals facing dire circumstances in detention.

“Denying them the ability to connect with a religious leader who could otherwise provide emotional or spiritual support is the next iteration of the inhumane treatment that has permeated the handling of individuals,” Vaynerman said.

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Musk appointed co-director of Pentagon future warfare initiative

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The world’s richest man, Elon Musk, has assumed the co-directorship of a Pentagon initiative focused on the future of warfare, known as “Project Meridian”.

Musk’s new role was announced by US Secretary of Defence Pete Hegseth.

Musk, who has long expressed his conviction that wars will ultimately be fought with autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles, will advise the project as co-director alongside Palmer Luckey, founder of defence start-up Anduril, and former Speaker of the House of Representatives Newt Gingrich.

In a memorandum issued at the Pentagon, Hegseth stated that the group would “examine the battlefields of the future” and “determine which weapons and technologies warfighters must employ to achieve dominance in these environments.”

During his “State of the Force” address at Marine Corps Base Quantico, Hegseth said:

“The best predictors of future conflict do not reside exclusively within the Pentagon. Obvious biases and risks arise when we task ourselves with both framing the questions and answering them.”

Hegseth stated that this initiative would commence immediately and that, following his address, he would convene with Musk, Luckey, and Gingrich at a secure location.

Project Meridian will have 120 days to “ruthlessly map the trajectory of wars, domains, and technologies”, a process that will culminate in the public disclosure of its findings alongside a classified annex.

Hegseth outlined an expansive mandate extending “from beneath the surface of the Earth to beyond the Moon.”

Rather than formulating new military strategies or policies, the panel will seek to identify “the domains we must seize and the capabilities we must master”, focusing on the effort to “discover, develop, and field” the weapons and systems that next-generation American troops may require.

The group is expected to submit a report containing recommendations to him by the end of January.

In 2024, Musk remarked: “Future wars will be entirely about drones and hypersonic missiles.” This was merely one of several similar statements he has made in recent years.

For Musk, whose oversight role at the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) ended in turmoil and escalated into a dispute with President Donald Trump over Trump’s spending bill, this appointment marks his formal return to government in an official capacity.

Musk and Trump ultimately reconciled, and Musk attended a meeting on artificial intelligence safety at the White House this week alongside other technology leaders.

Meridian forms part of a broader push announced by Hegseth to restructure the military around autonomous warfare and rapidly advancing technologies.

Hegseth announced the establishment of the Autonomous Warfare Command (AUTOWARCOM), a new four-star combatant command endowed with what he termed “service-like authorities” to scale autonomous and robotic capabilities across the joint force.

The Department of War will also begin phasing in new occupational frameworks across all military branches to establish specialised career tracks for what Hegseth described as “the next generation of autonomous warfighters.”

“We should have conceived an Autonomous Warfare Command a decade ago,” Hegseth said, explaining that Meridian aims to gaze far enough ahead to enable the military to anticipate the next technological shift rather than lag behind.

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Pentagon breach exposes personal records of three million people

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A cyberattack targeting the US Department of War’s personnel database has resulted in the leak of personal information belonging to approximately 3 million people.

Speaking to ABC News, a Pentagon official stated that the system accessed by unauthorised individuals contained the records of 2,760,000 living persons and 294,000 deceased individuals.

The Military Times portal, which first broke the news, had reported the number of affected individuals as approximately 4 million based on two sources. The Pentagon official subsequently conveyed different figures to ABC News.

The leak encompasses Social Security numbers and duty information belonging to military personnel and civilian employees. According to an official notification examined by Military Times, the compromised records may also include names, dates of birth, contact information, sex, race, and military occupational specialties.

The unauthorised access to the information system of the Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC) lasted for approximately nine months, between October 2025 and 16 July 2026.

ABC News reported that the access in question was obtained by a small number of third-party users. The vulnerability was closed after it was identified.

The DMDC is considered one of the Pentagon’s primary personnel records centres. More than 60 million records belonging to active-duty personnel, reservists, civilian staff, contractors, retirees, veterans, and military family members are stored at the centre.

The Pentagon has not detected any evidence that the leaked data has been misused. Military Times reported that affected individuals were offered identity restoration and credit history monitoring services.

A similar data breach previously occurred on the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s (FBI) recruitment website, FBIJobs.gov. According to information obtained by ABC News from internal communications and sources, the FBI is considering the possibility that data belonging to its entire staff may have been stolen.

The New York Times (NYT) examined a portion of the stolen FBI records. Home addresses, telephone numbers, official email addresses, Social Security numbers, dates of birth, hiring dates, and emergency contact details for relatives were identified within these documents.

The database also contained unit designations, duty roles, and information regarding the supervisors of personnel. Some records revealed assignments within counterintelligence and counternarcotics units, as well as departments examining threats originating from Russia, China, and Iran.

Ciaran Martin, the former head of the UK National Cyber Security Centre, noted that this type of breach could directly affect the FBI’s operational capabilities.

The hacker group known as ShinyHunters had announced that it had seized medical data and security clearance records alongside files belonging to tens of thousands of active and former FBI employees.

Experts evaluating the matter for the NYT warned that this information could be used to track agents, threaten their families, or compile dossiers by foreign intelligence services.

The ShinyHunters group initially threatened to release the data unless the bureau withdrew an advisory it had published concerning the group’s attack methods.

The group later asserted that it had never intended to leak the information and characterised its action as an advertising campaign.

In a report published in May, Reuters noted that the personal data of US military personnel had been used in surveillance and attack preparations.

According to the agency, Washington’s adversaries gained the ability to pinpoint areas where troops were concentrated by exploiting commercially available location data. US lawmakers at the time criticised the Pentagon for failing to adequately protect the personal data of military personnel.

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Canada diversifies oil and gas exports away from US

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US President Donald Trump’s trade policy and the Washington administration’s push to increase Venezuelan oil imports are prompting Canada to diversify its energy exports.

According to a report by The Wall Street Journal, recent developments are accelerating Canada’s development of new oil and natural gas projects.

Steps taken by the Ottawa administration, which aspires to become an energy superpower, are seen as potentially strengthening the country’s position in global markets.

In Canada, the world’s fourth-largest oil producer and fifth-largest natural gas producer, the energy sector accounts for approximately one-fifth of total exports.

Almost all of the country’s natural gas exports and approximately 90% of its oil exports go to the US.

The newspaper writes that the trade war with Washington and the atmosphere of confrontation entered into with Iran have heightened Canada’s desire to turn to alternative markets outside the US.

Officials plan to increase shipments of oil and liquefied natural gas (LNG) to European and Asian markets.

Accelerating infrastructure investments in line with this target, Canada is also shortening approval processes. The government is prioritising the construction of an oil pipeline extending specifically to the west coast.

According to the newspaper’s estimate, if major pipeline projects are implemented, Canada’s daily oil transport capacity could rise to 6.8 million barrels by 2034.

Routes heading to the west coast will make up approximately 30% of this capacity.

The Canadian administration is simultaneously advancing LNG export projects. According to the report, these investments could allow approximately 55% of Canadian natural gas exports to be directed to markets outside the US by the early or mid-2030s.

While the government expands tax incentives for the oil and natural gas sector, the province of Alberta also plans to overhaul its royalty system.

However, the newspaper notes that implementing the new projects requires heavy investment, and the process depends on the final decisions taken by producers as well as the completion of regulatory approval processes.

The expansion of pipeline and LNG infrastructure could gradually reduce Canada’s dependence on the US market while raising its share in the global energy market.

The Canadian Prime Minister’s demand to reduce reliance on the US market had also come to the fore in July.

According to Carney’s statement, the province of Alberta submitted a plan for a pipeline spanning more than 1,000 kilometres to the west coast of British Columbia.

Targeted for completion by September 2027, the line will reach the Pacific coast by following an existing corridor through the mountainous terrain.

This shift in energy comes at a time of strained relations with the US. Donald Trump said that if Canada obtains associate member status in the European Union, he could halt trade with Europe in certain sectors and impose high tariffs.

As reported by the Associated Press, Trump characterised such a rapprochement as a “potentially hostile act”.

European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen had proposed opening the path for Canada to become the EU’s first associate member. The terms of this associate membership status, which is not defined in EU treaties, are not yet clear and require the approval of member states to enter into force.

Canada, which does not seek full membership, aims for maximum rapprochement with the EU.

Following Trump’s return to the White House, relations between Washington and Ottawa deteriorated. The Trump administration, which repeatedly called on Canada to become the “51st state” of the US, introduced additional tariffs.

In July, the US began imposing 50% tariffs on certain Canadian-origin goods.

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