Europe
Germany cuts social welfare as defense spending triples
Chancellor Friedrich Merz and the CDU-SPD government are launching a comprehensive attack on Germany’s social welfare system.
As a first step, they are demanding a 10% cut—about €5 billion—in spending on the so-called “citizens’ income” (Bürgergeld).
On Tuesday, Merz said this was only the “minimum amount.” He had earlier claimed that Germany could “no longer afford” its welfare system and declared, “The Bonn Republic has ended forever,” calling it a “break with the past.”
The “turning point” announced by Merz and his predecessor Olaf Scholz has already led to a dramatic increase in military spending, and now to cuts in social spending. The tripling of the defense budget is being financed at the expense of the poorest.
Germany’s 20th century comes to an end
Over the weekend, Chancellor Friedrich Merz launched a broad assault on the German social system under the slogan “Autumn of Reforms.”
In 2024, roughly €58.2 billion was spent on citizens’ income, which Merz has now singled out.
“Especially with the so-called citizens’ income, things cannot remain as they are, and they will not. This is not just a turning point, but a break with the past,” Merz said.
Referring to West Germany and the welfare state during the Cold War, he stated that “the Bonn Republic has ended forever.” He insisted that 10% of Bürgergeld could “definitely be saved,” rounding this to €5 billion, and stressed this was the “minimum.”
The statement came shortly after the Federal Employment Agency reported in August that unemployment had reached its highest level in 15 years, about 3.025 million people.
Merz admitted the situation “could get worse,” blaming US tariff policy, which he said would “significantly affect many German companies.”
No budget for welfare, but money for arms
German media appear to have joined the chorus. For example, n-tv warned that measures such as higher transport subsidies or tax breaks for agricultural diesel risked creating “extra holes in the budget that we really cannot afford.”
At the same time, no one mentions the “holes” caused by arms spending. Germany’s military budget, about €52 billion last year, will rise to €152.8 billion by 2029. Military infrastructure spending is expected to add about €70 billion by then.
Altogether, additional military and infrastructure spending amounts to an increase of €170 billion. Despite higher net borrowing (an increase of around €40 billion is planned), the federal government expects a financing gap of €74 billion in 2029.
Growing poverty in Germany
The unprecedented rise in military spending comes at a time when poverty is growing, the number of super-rich is increasing, and social divisions are deepening.
In April, a Deutsche Bundesbank study found that the richest 10% of German households now own 54% of the country’s total wealth, while the poorer half owns just 3%.
Meanwhile, the number of billionaires is rising rapidly. In 2023 alone, the number grew by 23, nearly 10%, bringing the total to 249.
According to the German Equality and Welfare Association (DPWV), 15.5% of the population will be affected by poverty in 2024, up 1.1 percentage points from the previous year.
About 5.2 million people suffer from such severe deprivation that they cannot heat their homes or buy new clothes. The average income of people affected by poverty was €921 per month, below the €981 recorded in 2020.
Protests against militarism met with state violence
Militarization, social cuts, and rising poverty are accompanied by growing repression against those opposing war and rearmament.
Last weekend in Cologne, police blocked a demonstration of about 3,000 people protesting the Federal Republic’s militarization. Police used violence, kettled over a thousand protesters until the early morning hours—sometimes without water—and detained them.
147 protesters required medical treatment due to injuries inflicted by police, and 18 were hospitalized.
One organizer said, “Police prevented people from receiving urgent medical aid.” Officers also “physically attacked the organizers’ lawyer and detained journalists present at the scene.”
Rheinmetall protests face crackdowns
The demonstration was part of the “Disarm Rheinmetall” alliance’s week of action against militarization and arms exports. Similar rallies had been held earlier in Cologne.
At a September 4 press conference, organizers and supporters said there had been massive interventions against freedom of assembly.
According to t-online, the march was repeatedly halted for trivial reasons (such as people covering their faces or the shape of banners) and was finally dispersed without proper consultation.
Speakers at the press conference reported that protesters were denied access to water and toilets, and medical aid was delayed. Those detained could only leave the blockade in the early morning.
Alliance members also reported humiliating searches and cases of sexual harassment.
Europe
EIB to unveil 15 billion euro tech initiative to scale European startups
The European Investment Bank (EIB) will announce a €15 billion initiative today, in collaboration with EU capitals and private investors, aimed at supporting the growth of European technology companies.
For decades, startups on the continent have struggled to raise the large-scale funding rounds necessary to scale on this side of the Atlantic, frequently turning to US investors or relocating abroad as they expand.
“We are catching up. Now we need to accelerate,” EIB President Nadia Calviño said.
Under the existing European Tech Champions Initiative, the EIB had already pooled resources with six EU governments to establish funds that invest in high-growth companies across the EU.
Calviño described the initiative as “very successful,” noting that it has supported 12 European “unicorn” companies valued at over $1 billion, including the German artificial intelligence translation firm DeepL.
The bank is now expanding the program with a new phase nearly four times the size of the original.
Twenty-five EU governments, alongside private investors such as Santander and Danske Bank, are expected to participate in the program.
This initial €15 billion aims to mobilize up to €80 billion in total investment. Calviño stated that this estimate is based on the multiplier effects achieved under previous programs.
As part of these efforts, the EIB also aims to attract European pension funds, which manage immense pools of capital but have historically allocated fewer resources to technology investments compared to their US counterparts.
In addition to the new funding, Calviño noted that the EIB will create a platform providing a single point of access for existing European scale-up initiatives, including the European Commission’s Scaleup Europe Fund, France’s Tibi initiative, and Germany’s Win initiative.
Europe
Germany to purchase US Tomahawk missiles to build own long-range strike capability
Germany will purchase Tomahawk cruise missiles from the United States and deploy them on German territory, Chancellor Friedrich Merz announced on Thursday.
The move marks a shift away from planned US deployments and toward Germany establishing its own long-range strike capability.
Merz told lawmakers that he finalized the agreement with the US government during the NATO summit in Ankara, adding that the talks held on Tuesday and Wednesday had exceeded his expectations.
“While we close a critical strategic gap in our defense, we are also working to develop our own European systems and deploy them in Europe,” the Chancellor said.
According to German government sources, Washington committed in a letter of intent signed on Tuesday to approve Germany’s acquisition of Tomahawk missiles and their land-based Typhon launchers in August.
The number of missiles and launchers Germany plans to purchase was not disclosed because the information is classified.
The planned acquisition appears aligned with US President Donald Trump’s pressure on European allies to cover their own security costs, such as by purchasing US weapons.
The fate of the Tomahawk procurement had become uncertain after Trump announced in May that he would reduce the US military presence in Germany.
That development was seen as a cancellation of a plan made under the previous administration to deploy a US battalion equipped with long-range Tomahawk missiles to Germany.
That original plan was designed as a temporary solution to serve as a strong deterrent against Russia while Europeans developed their own versions of such weapons.
Germany produces its own cruise missile, the Taurus, but its range of approximately 311 miles is three to five times shorter than that of the Tomahawk missiles.
Europe
Apple loses EU court appeal over Digital Markets Act gatekeeper designation
The General Court of the European Union has rejected Apple’s challenges against its “gatekeeper” status designated under the Digital Markets Act (DMA).
With this ruling, the company’s designated status for the App Store and iOS remains valid, while its applications regarding iMessage were also rejected.
Apple had argued that the five separate App Stores it operates for the iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, Mac, and Apple TV should be evaluated as distinct, individual services.
The court rejected this argument, ruling that these stores serve a common purpose of connecting developers and users, regardless of the specific device.
The court also dismissed Apple’s defense that the DMA’s interoperability obligations violate its fundamental rights.
However, it did not conduct a substantive assessment on the legality of this obligation, stating that a direct legal link could not be established between the regulation in question and the determination of “gatekeeper” status.
Following the ruling, Apple argued that the obligations under the DMA “exceed the boundaries of legality and proportionality.” The company asserted that the new rules jeopardize the work it has carried out for years to ensure user privacy and security.
Apple retains the right to appeal the decision, though a company spokesperson did not comment on whether there are plans to do so.
Apple previously declared that DMA rules prevented the launch of the updated version of Siri in Europe, resulting in European users being unable to benefit from the service.
In force in the European Union since 2024, the DMA covers a total of 22 services and products belonging to Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, ByteDance, Meta Platforms, and Microsoft.
The regulation obliges these companies to share certain data with competitors, provide access to user-generated data, and offer verification tools to advertising partners.
Additionally, it prohibits platforms from engaging in anti-competitive practices that favor their own products. Companies failing to comply with the rules face fines of up to 10% of their global turnover, which can rise to 20% in cases of repeated violations.
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