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Iran-Saudi normalization offers hope for Middle East stability

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Saudi Arabia and Iran have been able to open a new chapter in their relations. They have made lots of efforts to normalize ties and this could not be done without China’s support. The two countries agreed on several fronts under the agreement brokered by China. The sole aim behind the agreement is to help bring peace and economic development in the Middle East. The two sides agreed after four days of meeting in Beijing last month, and since then many more engagements were done. There were also some high-level meetings on top leadership of the two countries.

China has managed to come to the fore with a positive engagement and end hostilities between the two Middle East powers. Relations between the two hit a wall for many years and further hit an impasse when Saudi Arabia cut ties with Iran in 2016 after its embassy in Iran’s capital Tehran came under attack. Iranian violent protestors stormed to the embassy’s compound amid a dispute over Riyadh’s execution of a Shiite cleric.

There were several other issues that popped up between the two nations, but now there is a consensus reached between them and they are trying to work on the future.

Saudi and Iranian FMs meet in China

The foreign ministers of the Mideast Gulf rivals Saudi and Iran met in Beijing today, where the Chinese envoy was there and seemed still mediating between them to further normalize ties.

In a video footage, the China Foreign Minister Qin Gang met with his Saudi and Iranian counterparts and three official’s handshaked with the flags of their countries in the backdrop.

In a tweet message, Iran’s foreign ministry confirmed the meeting and posted photographs of the two leaders seated in wide armchairs, chatting and smiling. The meeting between Saudi’s Farhan and Iran’s Abdollahian was the first to be held between them in seven years. In March, the two countries agreed to restore ties and reopen foreign missions under a deal brokered by China.

Saudi and Iran agree to reopen embassies

The two countries agreed to reopen their diplomatic mission during the agreed period, a joint statement said without specifying the date. During the Beijing meeting, they also agreed to work on several other fronts and expedite efforts on fully normalization of ties.

Farhand and Abdollahian also agreed to “continue coordination between the technical teams on both sides to discuss ways to enhance cooperation between the two countries, including the resumption of flights, mutual visits by official delegations and the private sector, and facilitating the granting of visas to citizens of the two countries,” Laprensalatin reported.

The Iranian Press TV also reported that both parties stressed the importance of the official restoration of ties and discussed steps to reopen embassies in Tehran and Riyadh. They also agreed to open foreign missions in the Saudi’s city of Jeddah and Iran’s city of Mashhad.

Restoration of ties was long needed

It is really nice to see that finally two Islamic countries are becoming friends, said a Saudi journalist. “We knew this would happen one day and we no longer go under the influence of the US. What is important at the moment is to restore ties with our neighbors and regional countries in the first place,” he said.

Saudi and Iran have huge potential to work on different areas, he told Harici on condition of anonymity. “Our government (Saudi) is working hard to restore ties with rival countries, and this is a great policy. We should be happy and we must balance our ties with the world,” he said.

My understanding is that we were restricted in our foreign policy, according to him, who says that Saudi should think for its national interest first.

Saudi and Iranian foreign ministers held first one-on-one meeting in Beijing today (Thursday)

The governments of Saudi and Iran should have acted wisely from the day one when relations reached the peak, he said. In 2016, Iranian protestors stormed Saudi’s missions in Iran following Saudi Arabia’s execution of a popular Shia cleric Nimr al-Nimr. Since then, the two countries failed to reach an agreement to help restore their ties.

“If it was not about China’s mediation, Saudi and Iran would have not been able to resolve diplomatic disputes,” he said.

China’s Qin also held a working luncheon in honor of Farhan and Abdollahian and during the luncheon; the three sides discussed ways to enhance cooperation in many fields and work to enhance the security, stability, and prosperity of the two countries.

One-on-one meeting

Farhan and Abdollahian held their first one-on-one meeting in Beijing, and pictures from the meeting’s venue showed the two ministers exchanging talks and laughs before going into an official talks session.

In the video footage, Abdollahian was heard expressing inconvenience of making the long trip from Tehran to Beijing, while Farhan responded by saying that the trip from Tehran to Riyadh won’t take more than two hours, according to Saudi Gazette.

The two officials also discussed ways to strengthen bilateral relations in different areas and agreed to work on implementation of the agreement signed in Beijing.

While praising China for hosting the meeting, the two sides expressed their aspiration to intensify the consultative meetings and to take immediate steps to achieve more positive results from the meetings.

 

ASIA

Syria will not follow Afghanistan’s Taliban model of governance

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In an astonishing statement, Ahmed Shará, also known as Abu Mohamad Jolani, the leader of the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) said that he will allow the girls to go to schools and will not turn Syria like Afghanistan under the rule of the Taliban.

Jolani, the de facto ruler of Syria, said that he will distance himself from the Taliban’s strict policies on women’s rights, and said that Syria will not follow the Taliban’s mode of governance.  

Jolani, who brought down the government of Bashar al-Assad and also widely welcomed by the Taliban, said that he believes in the education of women and girls and will not make Syria like Afghanistan.

“Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal. The Afghan model cannot be applied here,” Jolani told a BBC reporter.

Jolani says that Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal.

Jolani’s comment came when the Taliban congratulated the HTS-led victory by Jolani over Assad’s regime after years of fighting. The Afghan Foreign Ministry celebrated Jolani’s victory through a statement and hoped Jolani can bring peace and stability in the country.

“It is hoped that the power transition process is advanced in a manner that lays the foundation of a sovereign and serve-oriented Islamic government in the line with the aspiration of the Syrian people; that unifies the entire population without discrimination and retribution through adoption of a general assembly; and a positive foreign policy with world countries the safeguard Syria from a threat of negative rivalries of foreign actors and creates conditions for the return of millions of refugees,” the statement by Taliban Foreign Ministry.

However, Jolan’s position on the rights of women and girls is in great contrast with the current view of the Taliban leadership. Women and girls have been banned from education and work since the return of the Taliban in August 2021, following the collapse of the Republic System and withdrawal of the US troops from Afghanistan. Girls and women are even banned from medical institutions and visiting public spaces.

Jolani says he has a plan to create a government based institution and a council chosen by the people. 

The situation got worse when the Taliban’s Ministry for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice called women’s voices “immodest” compounding their exclusion from public life. This year, it has been marked as three years since girls were banned from pursuing education over sixth grade. Besides that, on December 20, 2022, the Taliban’s Ministry of Higher Education announced that women would be barred from attending public and private universities.    

In an interview with CNN, Jolani said that he has a plan to create a government based on institutions and a “council chosen by the people.”

“When we talk about objectives, the goal of the revolution remains the overthrow of this regime. It is our right to use all available means to achieve that goal,” said Jolani.

“The seeds of the regime’s defeat have always been within it… the Iranians attempted to revive the regime, buying it time, and later the Russians also tried to prop it up. But the truth remains: this regime is dead.”

Moreover, he also said the Syrian people are the “rightful owners” of the country after the ouster of Assad, and declared a “new history” has been written for the entire Middle East.

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Yoon summoned again for questioning on treason charges

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A joint law enforcement team investigating South Korea’s martial law case announced on Friday that it has issued a second summons to ousted President Yoon Suk Yeol, requesting his presence for questioning next week. The inquiry concerns his alleged involvement in the failed implementation of martial law.

The team has scheduled the questioning for 10:00 a.m. next Wednesday at the Corruption Investigation Office for Senior Officials (CIO) headquarters in Gwacheon, located just south of Seoul. This marks the second summons after Yoon refused to cooperate with the initial notice earlier this week.

The decision to hold the questioning on a public holiday appears to be a strategic move by the CIO, likely aimed at addressing security concerns. The office confirmed that the summonses were delivered via express mail and electronically to both Yoon’s residence and the presidential office in Yongsan. Notably, after Yoon’s team refused to accept the first subpoena, the CIO opted against delivering the documents in person for this round.

The investigation focuses on Yoon’s role in the December 3 martial law declaration, which he revoked following a vote in the National Assembly. If Yoon continues to disregard the summons without valid justification, the CIO may seek a court order to detain him for up to 48 hours.

Yoon faces allegations of sedition and abuse of office, charges that have gained traction since his dismissal by parliament last Saturday. His suspension from office remains in effect pending a decision by the Constitutional Court, which will determine whether he is permanently removed or reinstated.

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Xi Jinping champions economic diversification during Macau visit

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During a three-day visit to Macau commemorating the 25th anniversary of its return to Chinese sovereignty from Portugal, President Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of economic diversification and maintaining the “one country, two systems” framework.

Speaking at the swearing-in ceremony for Macau’s new Chief Executive Officer, Sam Hou-fai, Xi urged the administration to make economic diversification the city’s primary focus. Sam, the fourth leader since the 1999 handover and the first mainland-born Chinese official to hold the position, is expected to align closely with Beijing’s objectives to reduce Macau’s reliance on gambling. The gambling industry, which accounts for approximately 80% of Macau’s tax revenue, has been the cornerstone of its rapid economic growth in recent years.

“Macau should prioritize proper economic diversification,” Xi stated, calling for enhanced policy support and investment in emerging sectors. He also reiterated the significance of the “one country, two systems” principle, stressing its role in ensuring the city’s “prosperity and stability” for the long term.

Xi’s visit included stops at the Macau University of Science and Technology, where he explored laboratories focusing on traditional Chinese medicine and planetary science. He also attended a cultural performance at the Macau Dome and met with local stakeholders, according to Chinese state media. His trip marked a shift in tone, with Anthony Lawrence, founder of Intelligence Macau, noting that it was the first time Xi publicly praised Macau for its progress rather than delivering critiques or instructions.

Since the liberalization of Macau’s gaming monopoly in 2002, the city has attracted significant foreign investment, including from prominent US casino operators such as Las Vegas Sands, MGM, and Wynn Resorts. However, the economy struggled during the COVID-19 pandemic due to travel restrictions, and recovery has only recently begun.

On Friday, Macau’s casinos were bustling with visitors, while non-gaming initiatives like a stamp exhibition co-organized by MGM China and Beijing’s Palace Museum showcased the city’s efforts to diversify its offerings.

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