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NATO’s European members discuss raising defense spending target to 3%

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European NATO members are considering increasing the alliance’s defense spending target from 2% to 3% of GDP at next year’s annual summit in June. The move coincides with Donald Trump’s return to the U.S. presidency, adding urgency to the discussions.

According to sources familiar with the preliminary talks, the proposal would place significant pressure on already strained national budgets, raising concerns across several European capitals. The current target of 2 %has been met by 23 of NATO’s 32 member states this year, compared to just six members achieving the benchmark in 2018. However, seven European countries, including Italy and Spain, still fall short of the 2% goal adopted a decade ago.

Trump’s insistence on increased European contributions to NATO and the growing recognition that current spending levels are insufficient to support Ukraine or deter Russia have pushed European leaders to reassess their defense commitments. Talks that began last week during a meeting of alliance foreign ministers suggest an interim target of 2.5% in the short term and 3% by 2030, according to insiders.

Mark Rutte, NATO’s Secretary General, emphasized the need for higher spending targets. While declining to disclose specific figures, Rutte stated, “When you look at the capability targets and the existing gaps, it’s very clear that 2% is not sufficient.” He expressed hope that the new goals could be formalized at the upcoming summit in the Netherlands, despite financial challenges faced by European nations.

The alliance’s non-U.S. members have collectively increased their defense budgets by approximately $100 billion over the past two years. Nevertheless, raising spending to 3% will be a significant challenge for many European economies, including the UK, Germany, France, Italy, and Spain.

The UK’s current defense expenditure stands at £60 billion, or 2.3% of GDP, with a commitment to increase this to 2.5%. Prime Minister Keir Starmer has indicated that a strategic defense review will outline a roadmap for achieving this target. However, defense analysts caution that even this level of spending may be inadequate for modernizing the UK military and meeting NATO’s updated requirements.

Italy, spending 1.49%, faces scrutiny under the EU’s Excessive Deficit Procedure for exceeding budgetary rules. Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni’s government aims to reach the current 2% target by 2028. However, Defence Minister Guido Crosetto warned that Trump’s return to office could increase pressure to exceed this target, potentially reaching 2.5% or even 3%.

Spain remains at the bottom of NATO’s defense spending rankings, allocating just 1.28% of GDP to defense. Despite this, Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez highlighted Spain’s contributions to NATO missions and its focus on allocating 20% of defense spending to research and development, exceeding alliance benchmarks in this area.

The United States—currently spending 3.4% of its GDP on defense—views increased European contributions as essential to maintaining the alliance’s readiness and burden-sharing. A German official commented, “A commitment to 3% would send a strong signal to the U.S. and Trump, showcasing Europe’s dedication to collective security.” Germany, which met its 2% target for the first time this year, faces similar challenges in increasing spending further.

Europe

EIB to unveil 15 billion euro tech initiative to scale European startups

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The European Investment Bank (EIB) will announce a €15 billion initiative today, in collaboration with EU capitals and private investors, aimed at supporting the growth of European technology companies.

For decades, startups on the continent have struggled to raise the large-scale funding rounds necessary to scale on this side of the Atlantic, frequently turning to US investors or relocating abroad as they expand.

“We are catching up. Now we need to accelerate,” EIB President Nadia Calviño said.

Under the existing European Tech Champions Initiative, the EIB had already pooled resources with six EU governments to establish funds that invest in high-growth companies across the EU.

Calviño described the initiative as “very successful,” noting that it has supported 12 European “unicorn” companies valued at over $1 billion, including the German artificial intelligence translation firm DeepL.

The bank is now expanding the program with a new phase nearly four times the size of the original.

Twenty-five EU governments, alongside private investors such as Santander and Danske Bank, are expected to participate in the program.

This initial €15 billion aims to mobilize up to €80 billion in total investment. Calviño stated that this estimate is based on the multiplier effects achieved under previous programs.

As part of these efforts, the EIB also aims to attract European pension funds, which manage immense pools of capital but have historically allocated fewer resources to technology investments compared to their US counterparts.

In addition to the new funding, Calviño noted that the EIB will create a platform providing a single point of access for existing European scale-up initiatives, including the European Commission’s Scaleup Europe Fund, France’s Tibi initiative, and Germany’s Win initiative.

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Germany to purchase US Tomahawk missiles to build own long-range strike capability

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Germany will purchase Tomahawk cruise missiles from the United States and deploy them on German territory, Chancellor Friedrich Merz announced on Thursday.

The move marks a shift away from planned US deployments and toward Germany establishing its own long-range strike capability.

Merz told lawmakers that he finalized the agreement with the US government during the NATO summit in Ankara, adding that the talks held on Tuesday and Wednesday had exceeded his expectations.

“While we close a critical strategic gap in our defense, we are also working to develop our own European systems and deploy them in Europe,” the Chancellor said.

According to German government sources, Washington committed in a letter of intent signed on Tuesday to approve Germany’s acquisition of Tomahawk missiles and their land-based Typhon launchers in August.

The number of missiles and launchers Germany plans to purchase was not disclosed because the information is classified.

The planned acquisition appears aligned with US President Donald Trump’s pressure on European allies to cover their own security costs, such as by purchasing US weapons.

The fate of the Tomahawk procurement had become uncertain after Trump announced in May that he would reduce the US military presence in Germany.

That development was seen as a cancellation of a plan made under the previous administration to deploy a US battalion equipped with long-range Tomahawk missiles to Germany.

That original plan was designed as a temporary solution to serve as a strong deterrent against Russia while Europeans developed their own versions of such weapons.

Germany produces its own cruise missile, the Taurus, but its range of approximately 311 miles is three to five times shorter than that of the Tomahawk missiles.

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Apple loses EU court appeal over Digital Markets Act gatekeeper designation

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The General Court of the European Union has rejected Apple’s challenges against its “gatekeeper” status designated under the Digital Markets Act (DMA).

With this ruling, the company’s designated status for the App Store and iOS remains valid, while its applications regarding iMessage were also rejected.

Apple had argued that the five separate App Stores it operates for the iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, Mac, and Apple TV should be evaluated as distinct, individual services.

The court rejected this argument, ruling that these stores serve a common purpose of connecting developers and users, regardless of the specific device.

The court also dismissed Apple’s defense that the DMA’s interoperability obligations violate its fundamental rights.

However, it did not conduct a substantive assessment on the legality of this obligation, stating that a direct legal link could not be established between the regulation in question and the determination of “gatekeeper” status.

Following the ruling, Apple argued that the obligations under the DMA “exceed the boundaries of legality and proportionality.” The company asserted that the new rules jeopardize the work it has carried out for years to ensure user privacy and security.

Apple retains the right to appeal the decision, though a company spokesperson did not comment on whether there are plans to do so.

Apple previously declared that DMA rules prevented the launch of the updated version of Siri in Europe, resulting in European users being unable to benefit from the service.

In force in the European Union since 2024, the DMA covers a total of 22 services and products belonging to Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, ByteDance, Meta Platforms, and Microsoft.

The regulation obliges these companies to share certain data with competitors, provide access to user-generated data, and offer verification tools to advertising partners.

Additionally, it prohibits platforms from engaging in anti-competitive practices that favor their own products. Companies failing to comply with the rules face fines of up to 10% of their global turnover, which can rise to 20% in cases of repeated violations.

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