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Pakistan, Afghanistan and the Pakistani Taliban

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Nine Pakistan army soldiers were killed in attacks carried out by the Pakistani Taliban (TTP) in one of its bases in Zhob garrison in northern Balochistan.

Pakistan’s army said that the militants launched the attack, following which four soldiers were killed and five others were injured. Later, in an update, the army said that five soldiers who got critically injured earlier while “fighting gallantly” had succumbed to their injuries, putting the death toll to nine.

“Security forces and the nation remain resilient and determined to thwart all such dastardly attempts of the enemy aimed at destroying the peace of Balochistan and Pakistan,” the Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) said in a statement.

Days after the attack, Pakistan’s Chief of Army Gen. Asim Munir visited the wounded in a hospital in Quetta, and several criticized Afghanistan’s government under the rule of the Taliban for such an attack in Pakistan.

Later, Khawaja Asif, Pakistan’s defense minister took a similar position and blamed Afghanistan for such attacks.

“Irrespective of Afghanistan’s stance, Pakistan stands resolute in uprooting terrorism from its soil, whatever the source. This is regardless of whether or not Kabul has the will to reign in militants from within its borders,” Asif said.

Pakistan blames Taliban for not respecting the neighbors

He blamed the Taliban for not respecting the neighbors, and said that the Pakistani Taliban (TTP) roam freely in Afghanistan.

Asif also criticized the government of Imran Khan, former Prime Minister of Pakistan, who allegedly supported the transfer of TTP from Afghanistan to Pakistan.

The government of Afghanistan is currently under the control of the Taliban.  During nearly three decades of struggle, including political and military engagement, they were accused of being very close to the government of Pakistan.

There is even an accusation of the establishment of Taliban by the Pakistani army and especially its intelligence department.

When the Taliban were defeated in Afghanistan in 2000, they used Pakistan’s soil as a shelter and a training and re-equipment camp.

On the other hand, Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) considers itself a branch of Afghan Taliban.

The TTP has even pledged allegiance to the current supreme leader of the Taliban, Mullah Hebatullah Akhundzada. Meanwhile, the Afghan Taliban has been accused of giving to the leaders, fighters and families of TTP members in Afghanistan.

TTP is being transformed to Afghanistan by help of Pakistan

But, many say that the Afghani Taliban in coordination with the government of Pakistan and at the expense of Islamabad had transferred the Pakistani Taliban from the south and east to the north and northeast of Afghanistan.

The Afghani Taliban during their war against the US forces had received full support from the TTP.

Therefore, the relationship between the Afghan Taliban and the Pakistani Taliban is bilateral and durable.

But such an apparent relationship depicts a cycle of violence, in which the Pakistani army and government support the Afghan Taliban, the Afghan Taliban support the Pakistani Taliban, and the Pakistani Taliban attack the people and government of Pakistan.

Lack of seriousness against the TTP

The government of Pakistan under the leadership of Shahbaz Sharif is nearing its end. Prime Minister Sharif has recently promised to step down from power at the end of the legal deadline and pave the way for the establishment of the future government.

Therefore, the life of Sharif’s government will end on August 13, and within 60 days after that, the elections of this country must be held, where a new government will be formed as a result.

Indeed, this election is more sensitive than other elections. One of the reasons for its sensitivity is the conflict between the Tehreek-e-Insaf party, led by Imran Khan, the ousted Prime Minister of Pakistan, with the army and the current government.

The current government, which is led by the Nawaz branch of the Muslim League, has powerful parties such as the People’s Party led by Bilawal Bhutto Zardari and the Jamaat Ulema Islam led by Maulana Fazal Rehman in a fragile coalition.

This coalition was not formed based on the closeness of the political beliefs of these parties – the main reason for its formation is having a common enemy named Tehreek-e-Insaf. Otherwise, the People’s Party, which claims to fight for the secularization of Pakistan, and the Jamaat Ulema-e-Islam Party, which is at the opposite end of this claim, cannot be combined.

TTP issue is part of electoral propaganda

Now, despite the fact that Imran Khan is under severe pressure from the army and the current government, and even he was forced to resign from this party and some of his members also forced to withdraw from politics, Imran Khan is still popular among the masses of Pakistan. It can be the main rival of the parties included in the current coalition government.

There are speculations that the army and the current government of Pakistan are trying to find a way to exclude Tehreek-e-Insaf from participating in the upcoming elections, but they do not succeed, there is a possibility that Tehreek-e-Insaf will come to power again.

Therefore, this election is of special importance for people like Khawaja Mohammad Asif, who became a member of the parliament to the Ministry of Defense, and General Asim Munir, who currently leads the Pakistan Army as a potential enemy of Tehreek-e-Insaf.

Imran Khan will win again

If Imran Khan and his political team can take power once again, the fight against the unlimited powers of the army, its interference in civil affairs, and especially the generals who, according to him, plotted against Tehreek-e-Insaf and then filed a case against its leaders– is not far from possible.

Khan tried to fight against the army during his rule but failed. However, if he wins again, his fight with generals like Asim Munir is very likely.

Therefore, what Khawaja Asif and Gen. Munir have said in recent days, after the TTP attack on the Zhob military center, can have a propaganda aspect and be a part of the unofficial and premature election campaign.

The previously mentioned cycle of violence continues to take victims from the people of Afghanistan and Pakistan. This cycle of violence is carried out in Afghanistan by different militant groups, inducing the Islamic State (IS), and in Pakistan by TTP. Now, on the eve of Pakistan’s decisive elections, the wounded people of this country are angry and saddened by the attacks of fundamentalist groups.

The public opinion in such a situation demands that the army and the government of Pakistan take steps to fight terrorism. Since the origin of terrorist groups ends in Rawalpindi, the words of Pakistani government officials and the head of the army of this country do not seem very serious.

Pakistan must stop blaming Afghanistan for its own failure

If they are honest and serious in their fight against terrorism, they will stop blaming the Afghan government for harboring TTP instead focus on its solution which has two options – 1, the start negotiations and second to carry out comprehensive military operations.

Taliban spokesman, Zabihullah Mujahid has said that there is no TTP in Afghanistan and asked Pakistan to share any evidence in regards if there is any.

“In case we receive evidence, we will consider it and take action. Pakistan blames us for its own failure in maintaining the law and order situation internally,” Mujahid said.

In a major move, the Ministry of Defense of Pakistan and the army have guided the Afghan Taliban to the “Doha” agreement and the international commitments of this group and asked them to adhere to these commitments and prevent the use of Afghan soil for terrorist acts against other countries.

Again Mujahid said that Doha agreement was signed between Taliban and US and refuted Pakistan’s role in the peace agreement.

Pakistan’s role in Doha peace agreement

However, Asif said that in reality, Pakistan played a pivotal role in facilitating the Doha Peace Agreement. “The constructive contribution of Pakistan in enabling the peace agreement between the United States and the Afghan Taliban on February 29 received commendation from various notable figures, including former Afghan President Ashraf Ghani, US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, Qatari Foreign Minister, and Taliban leaders, among others,” Asif added.

However, if the government and army of Pakistan really consider TTP as an enemy, they will not be able to fight this group by moving them from one place to another. They have sufficient access to the territory of Pakistan through one and other ways.

The best way to fight the TTP is that the government of Pakistan should take the issue seriously and start the fight with their terrorist policies and in the second step takes practical action against terrorist religious schools in Pakistan.

ASIA

Syria will not follow Afghanistan’s Taliban model of governance

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In an astonishing statement, Ahmed Shará, also known as Abu Mohamad Jolani, the leader of the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) said that he will allow the girls to go to schools and will not turn Syria like Afghanistan under the rule of the Taliban.

Jolani, the de facto ruler of Syria, said that he will distance himself from the Taliban’s strict policies on women’s rights, and said that Syria will not follow the Taliban’s mode of governance.  

Jolani, who brought down the government of Bashar al-Assad and also widely welcomed by the Taliban, said that he believes in the education of women and girls and will not make Syria like Afghanistan.

“Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal. The Afghan model cannot be applied here,” Jolani told a BBC reporter.

Jolani says that Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal.

Jolani’s comment came when the Taliban congratulated the HTS-led victory by Jolani over Assad’s regime after years of fighting. The Afghan Foreign Ministry celebrated Jolani’s victory through a statement and hoped Jolani can bring peace and stability in the country.

“It is hoped that the power transition process is advanced in a manner that lays the foundation of a sovereign and serve-oriented Islamic government in the line with the aspiration of the Syrian people; that unifies the entire population without discrimination and retribution through adoption of a general assembly; and a positive foreign policy with world countries the safeguard Syria from a threat of negative rivalries of foreign actors and creates conditions for the return of millions of refugees,” the statement by Taliban Foreign Ministry.

However, Jolan’s position on the rights of women and girls is in great contrast with the current view of the Taliban leadership. Women and girls have been banned from education and work since the return of the Taliban in August 2021, following the collapse of the Republic System and withdrawal of the US troops from Afghanistan. Girls and women are even banned from medical institutions and visiting public spaces.

Jolani says he has a plan to create a government based institution and a council chosen by the people. 

The situation got worse when the Taliban’s Ministry for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice called women’s voices “immodest” compounding their exclusion from public life. This year, it has been marked as three years since girls were banned from pursuing education over sixth grade. Besides that, on December 20, 2022, the Taliban’s Ministry of Higher Education announced that women would be barred from attending public and private universities.    

In an interview with CNN, Jolani said that he has a plan to create a government based on institutions and a “council chosen by the people.”

“When we talk about objectives, the goal of the revolution remains the overthrow of this regime. It is our right to use all available means to achieve that goal,” said Jolani.

“The seeds of the regime’s defeat have always been within it… the Iranians attempted to revive the regime, buying it time, and later the Russians also tried to prop it up. But the truth remains: this regime is dead.”

Moreover, he also said the Syrian people are the “rightful owners” of the country after the ouster of Assad, and declared a “new history” has been written for the entire Middle East.

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Yoon summoned again for questioning on treason charges

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A joint law enforcement team investigating South Korea’s martial law case announced on Friday that it has issued a second summons to ousted President Yoon Suk Yeol, requesting his presence for questioning next week. The inquiry concerns his alleged involvement in the failed implementation of martial law.

The team has scheduled the questioning for 10:00 a.m. next Wednesday at the Corruption Investigation Office for Senior Officials (CIO) headquarters in Gwacheon, located just south of Seoul. This marks the second summons after Yoon refused to cooperate with the initial notice earlier this week.

The decision to hold the questioning on a public holiday appears to be a strategic move by the CIO, likely aimed at addressing security concerns. The office confirmed that the summonses were delivered via express mail and electronically to both Yoon’s residence and the presidential office in Yongsan. Notably, after Yoon’s team refused to accept the first subpoena, the CIO opted against delivering the documents in person for this round.

The investigation focuses on Yoon’s role in the December 3 martial law declaration, which he revoked following a vote in the National Assembly. If Yoon continues to disregard the summons without valid justification, the CIO may seek a court order to detain him for up to 48 hours.

Yoon faces allegations of sedition and abuse of office, charges that have gained traction since his dismissal by parliament last Saturday. His suspension from office remains in effect pending a decision by the Constitutional Court, which will determine whether he is permanently removed or reinstated.

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Xi Jinping champions economic diversification during Macau visit

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During a three-day visit to Macau commemorating the 25th anniversary of its return to Chinese sovereignty from Portugal, President Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of economic diversification and maintaining the “one country, two systems” framework.

Speaking at the swearing-in ceremony for Macau’s new Chief Executive Officer, Sam Hou-fai, Xi urged the administration to make economic diversification the city’s primary focus. Sam, the fourth leader since the 1999 handover and the first mainland-born Chinese official to hold the position, is expected to align closely with Beijing’s objectives to reduce Macau’s reliance on gambling. The gambling industry, which accounts for approximately 80% of Macau’s tax revenue, has been the cornerstone of its rapid economic growth in recent years.

“Macau should prioritize proper economic diversification,” Xi stated, calling for enhanced policy support and investment in emerging sectors. He also reiterated the significance of the “one country, two systems” principle, stressing its role in ensuring the city’s “prosperity and stability” for the long term.

Xi’s visit included stops at the Macau University of Science and Technology, where he explored laboratories focusing on traditional Chinese medicine and planetary science. He also attended a cultural performance at the Macau Dome and met with local stakeholders, according to Chinese state media. His trip marked a shift in tone, with Anthony Lawrence, founder of Intelligence Macau, noting that it was the first time Xi publicly praised Macau for its progress rather than delivering critiques or instructions.

Since the liberalization of Macau’s gaming monopoly in 2002, the city has attracted significant foreign investment, including from prominent US casino operators such as Las Vegas Sands, MGM, and Wynn Resorts. However, the economy struggled during the COVID-19 pandemic due to travel restrictions, and recovery has only recently begun.

On Friday, Macau’s casinos were bustling with visitors, while non-gaming initiatives like a stamp exhibition co-organized by MGM China and Beijing’s Palace Museum showcased the city’s efforts to diversify its offerings.

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