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Panjshir fighting, this time Taliban as winner

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The Taliban security forces have been locked for months in battle with opposition fighters based in the Panjshir valley. The last province which is yet to be controlled by the Taliban fully is Panjshir. The province has long been an anti-Taliban stronghold, even in 1996 and it was only Panjshir that was fighting against the Taliban. And now since August 2021, when the Taliban regain power, again the only significant pocket of resistance to the group is Panjshir.

Panjshir deadly clashes

The Taliban has intensified the operation and said it has killed 40 members of National Resistance Front (NRF), the opposition group based in Panjshir. Four of the group’s commanders were also killed during the clashes. The clashes came when the Taliban had earlier denied widespread fighting, claiming it had established control of the entire country.

Another 100 NRF fighters were captured alive by the Taliban. However, the news was rejected by the NRF spokesman, calling it unfound. NRF confirmed its eight fighters were detained and then killed by the Taliban.

Videos of mass execution went viral

The shocking scenario is when a video went viral showing Taliban members executing captured members of the NRF. Taliban were blamed for extrajudicial summary executions in Panjshir, but the Taliban said they were investigating the matter.

Sibghatullah Ahmadi, a spokesman for the NRF claimed their forces killed 32 Taliban in the fight, but termed the killing of captured forces by the Taliban as “war crimes.

NRF is headed by Ahmad Masoud, the son of late Ahmad Shah Massoud who played a critical role in the resistance against Soviet occupation in the 1980s and was the center of resistance against the Taliban when it ruled Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001.

Now his son is up again and NRF forces in May announced an offensive against the Taliban. Located just north of the capital, Kabul, Panjshir is one of the smallest of Afghanistan’s 34 provinces.

No more room left for civil war

This is just the beginning. Both sides have now claimed casualties. Since the Taliban and NRF both are on intensive war, this could soon make a new U-turn. The fear is that Afghanistan should not once again push to the era of civil war, igniting ethnic clashes.

Fearing reprisal, a resident in Panjshir told Harici that assaults on Taliban positions are a regular occurrence, and dozens of people have been killed. In return, Taliban arrest civilians on charges of having links with the NRF.

“We are not interested in war, and the Taliban must differentiate between opposition and ordinary Panjshir residents. Taliban should stop arresting civilians” he said. Taliban rejected the allegation of arresting civilians in Panjshir.

NRF declared war right after Taliban entered Kabul in August 2021

When the Taliban swept into Kabul in 2021 and the Afghan military melted away, the NRF members went to Panjshir and said they would never surrender.

Panjshir was one province that Taliban fighters were never able to pacify after taking Kabul for the first time in 1996. Now again, Ahmad Massoud and former vice president Amrullah Saleh, who both fled Afghanistan in late 2021, are continuing to direct operations from exile and are believed to command thousands of fighters.

Saleh was very close to Ahmad Shah Massoud, who was assassinated by al-Qaeda two days before 9/11 attacks on the United States.

Panjshir is a mountains province

Panjshir is a small province, but its mountains make difficult to control it. It’s difficult to get easy access to what happened in one valley and in another. It’s all surrounded by the mountains. Since winter is coming, there is likely be no intensive war but spring has always marked the beginning of Afghanistan’s fighting season, as the weather in the north becomes milder and makes it easier for fighters to maneuver.

NRF in recent days have regularly claimed guerrilla attacks against Taliban forces in Panjshir, forcing the Taliban to appoint one of their senior military commanders, Abdul Qayum Zakir, to counter NRF activities, reportedly leading to the deployment of large number of security forces in and around Panjshir, with air assets supporting ground operations.

There are several reports that Zakir was killed during the clashes last week, but Harici itself could not verify this.

Saleh in a Facebook post on September 23 claimed that Zakir suffered severe back injuries and he was shifted to the foreign countries for medical treatment. He did not specify the name of the country.

Citing sources from Qatar, Saleh also said that Zakir has probably been killed.

Taliban are a winner so far

However, Taliban this time could be seen as a winner. NRF could not pose much threat to the Taliban because they are now a government with all military facilities, unlike they were in 1996.

It is a fact that unlike their previous stint in power, Taliban fighters are now better armed, possessing US armored vehicles and other sophisticated military weapons left behind by the US and NATO militaries following hurried withdrawal in 2021. Taliban forces already reached those valleys and areas in Panjshir that was deemed difficult. Apparently, Taliban are controlling almost entire Panjshir province.

ASIA

Syria will not follow Afghanistan’s Taliban model of governance

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In an astonishing statement, Ahmed Shará, also known as Abu Mohamad Jolani, the leader of the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) said that he will allow the girls to go to schools and will not turn Syria like Afghanistan under the rule of the Taliban.

Jolani, the de facto ruler of Syria, said that he will distance himself from the Taliban’s strict policies on women’s rights, and said that Syria will not follow the Taliban’s mode of governance.  

Jolani, who brought down the government of Bashar al-Assad and also widely welcomed by the Taliban, said that he believes in the education of women and girls and will not make Syria like Afghanistan.

“Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal. The Afghan model cannot be applied here,” Jolani told a BBC reporter.

Jolani says that Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal.

Jolani’s comment came when the Taliban congratulated the HTS-led victory by Jolani over Assad’s regime after years of fighting. The Afghan Foreign Ministry celebrated Jolani’s victory through a statement and hoped Jolani can bring peace and stability in the country.

“It is hoped that the power transition process is advanced in a manner that lays the foundation of a sovereign and serve-oriented Islamic government in the line with the aspiration of the Syrian people; that unifies the entire population without discrimination and retribution through adoption of a general assembly; and a positive foreign policy with world countries the safeguard Syria from a threat of negative rivalries of foreign actors and creates conditions for the return of millions of refugees,” the statement by Taliban Foreign Ministry.

However, Jolan’s position on the rights of women and girls is in great contrast with the current view of the Taliban leadership. Women and girls have been banned from education and work since the return of the Taliban in August 2021, following the collapse of the Republic System and withdrawal of the US troops from Afghanistan. Girls and women are even banned from medical institutions and visiting public spaces.

Jolani says he has a plan to create a government based institution and a council chosen by the people. 

The situation got worse when the Taliban’s Ministry for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice called women’s voices “immodest” compounding their exclusion from public life. This year, it has been marked as three years since girls were banned from pursuing education over sixth grade. Besides that, on December 20, 2022, the Taliban’s Ministry of Higher Education announced that women would be barred from attending public and private universities.    

In an interview with CNN, Jolani said that he has a plan to create a government based on institutions and a “council chosen by the people.”

“When we talk about objectives, the goal of the revolution remains the overthrow of this regime. It is our right to use all available means to achieve that goal,” said Jolani.

“The seeds of the regime’s defeat have always been within it… the Iranians attempted to revive the regime, buying it time, and later the Russians also tried to prop it up. But the truth remains: this regime is dead.”

Moreover, he also said the Syrian people are the “rightful owners” of the country after the ouster of Assad, and declared a “new history” has been written for the entire Middle East.

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Yoon summoned again for questioning on treason charges

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A joint law enforcement team investigating South Korea’s martial law case announced on Friday that it has issued a second summons to ousted President Yoon Suk Yeol, requesting his presence for questioning next week. The inquiry concerns his alleged involvement in the failed implementation of martial law.

The team has scheduled the questioning for 10:00 a.m. next Wednesday at the Corruption Investigation Office for Senior Officials (CIO) headquarters in Gwacheon, located just south of Seoul. This marks the second summons after Yoon refused to cooperate with the initial notice earlier this week.

The decision to hold the questioning on a public holiday appears to be a strategic move by the CIO, likely aimed at addressing security concerns. The office confirmed that the summonses were delivered via express mail and electronically to both Yoon’s residence and the presidential office in Yongsan. Notably, after Yoon’s team refused to accept the first subpoena, the CIO opted against delivering the documents in person for this round.

The investigation focuses on Yoon’s role in the December 3 martial law declaration, which he revoked following a vote in the National Assembly. If Yoon continues to disregard the summons without valid justification, the CIO may seek a court order to detain him for up to 48 hours.

Yoon faces allegations of sedition and abuse of office, charges that have gained traction since his dismissal by parliament last Saturday. His suspension from office remains in effect pending a decision by the Constitutional Court, which will determine whether he is permanently removed or reinstated.

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Xi Jinping champions economic diversification during Macau visit

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During a three-day visit to Macau commemorating the 25th anniversary of its return to Chinese sovereignty from Portugal, President Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of economic diversification and maintaining the “one country, two systems” framework.

Speaking at the swearing-in ceremony for Macau’s new Chief Executive Officer, Sam Hou-fai, Xi urged the administration to make economic diversification the city’s primary focus. Sam, the fourth leader since the 1999 handover and the first mainland-born Chinese official to hold the position, is expected to align closely with Beijing’s objectives to reduce Macau’s reliance on gambling. The gambling industry, which accounts for approximately 80% of Macau’s tax revenue, has been the cornerstone of its rapid economic growth in recent years.

“Macau should prioritize proper economic diversification,” Xi stated, calling for enhanced policy support and investment in emerging sectors. He also reiterated the significance of the “one country, two systems” principle, stressing its role in ensuring the city’s “prosperity and stability” for the long term.

Xi’s visit included stops at the Macau University of Science and Technology, where he explored laboratories focusing on traditional Chinese medicine and planetary science. He also attended a cultural performance at the Macau Dome and met with local stakeholders, according to Chinese state media. His trip marked a shift in tone, with Anthony Lawrence, founder of Intelligence Macau, noting that it was the first time Xi publicly praised Macau for its progress rather than delivering critiques or instructions.

Since the liberalization of Macau’s gaming monopoly in 2002, the city has attracted significant foreign investment, including from prominent US casino operators such as Las Vegas Sands, MGM, and Wynn Resorts. However, the economy struggled during the COVID-19 pandemic due to travel restrictions, and recovery has only recently begun.

On Friday, Macau’s casinos were bustling with visitors, while non-gaming initiatives like a stamp exhibition co-organized by MGM China and Beijing’s Palace Museum showcased the city’s efforts to diversify its offerings.

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