Protests by university students in the US demanding an end to ties with Israel and for university administrations to pressure the federal government to end the war are spreading, and police attacks are intensifying.

The protesters say they will not disperse until schools commit to completely withdrawing funding from organisations with ties to Israel.

They are also calling for the withdrawal of funds from companies that sell weapons, construction equipment, technology services and other items to Israel from their campuses.

Professors arrested in Atlanta

Yesterday, as the world watched, police attacked a pro-Palestinian demonstration at Emory University in Atlanta and arrested dozens of people, including economics professor Caroline Fohlin and philosophy department chair Noëlle McAfee.

Professor Fohlin was heard in dialogue with police expressing concern about the police’s violent arrests and use of force.

On the university campus, police were seen forcing protesters to the ground and handcuffing them during events that followed the establishment of a camp in the university courtyard on Thursday morning.

Law enforcement officers used tear gas to disperse protesters from the area, according to a CNN crew at the scene. They also used pepper spray against the crowd that had gathered around the demonstrators who had been arrested by police.
The Georgia chapter of the Council on American-Islamic Relations condemned the use of force by police against demonstrators and the arrests at Emory University on Thursday.

“Emory University and the APD [Atlanta Police Department] bear full responsibility for the violence we are currently witnessing on the Emory campus. Students and protesters must be afforded all of their constitutional rights,” it said.

Dozens of protesters were also arrested at the University of Texas on Wednesday following a police assault. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Texas warned that state and university officials are using law enforcement to “violently censor” pro-Palestinian demonstrations at the University of Texas and other campuses across the country.

“The First Amendment guarantees the right of people to protest in Texas and across the country, including in defence of Palestinians,” the group said in a statement.On the other hand, the local district attorney’s office announced that the cases of 46 detainees had been dropped.

Protests spread to Washington

At Georgetown University in Washington DC, a crowd of pro-Palestinian demonstrators gathered outside Healy Hall, the main administration building on campus.

The crowd then marched, led by several professors in graduation regalia, to a tent camp at George Washington University (GW).At the GW encampment, dozens of tents filled about a quarter of the campus.Chanting “There is only one solution, intifada intifada, long live the intifada,” the demonstrators carried banners reading “Resistance is justified when people are occupied,” “Stop the occupation,” and “Ceasefire now.

What happened where?

According to CNN’s list, here’s what happened at pro-Palestinian protests so far:

University of Southern California (USC): USC cancelled its main commencement ceremony for the Class of 2024 in May, citing ‘new security measures’.

Emory University: At least two professors were arrested during campus protests. The Georgia chapter of CAIR condemned the arrests, and the Georgia NAACP called for a meeting with the university president.

Vice President for Public Safety Cheryl Elliott said 28 people were arrested during a protest at the school, including 20 members of the Emory community.

The Georgia State Patrol said troopers on horseback used pepper spray during the protest ‘to control the unruly crowd’. A group of Democratic Georgia state lawmakers condemned the ‘excessive use of force’ by the Georgia State Patrol during the Emory arrests.

Northeastern University: A camp was set up where dozens of protesters formed a human chain around tents.

City College of New York: The New York Police Department (NYPD) said it no longer planned to clear the encampment on Thursday afternoon.

George Washington University: Organisers and the university confirmed that pro-Palestinian protesters, representing students from the District of Columbia, Maryland and Virginia, had set up an encampment on campus.

University President Ellen M. Granberg said the DC Metropolitan Police had been asked to help move an ‘unauthorised protest camp’ on campus. Granberg said the decision was made ‘after numerous orders from the GWPD to move to an alternative demonstration site on campus were ignored by camp participants.

Emerson College: More than 100 people were arrested and four police officers were injured during a pro-Palestinian protest at Emerson College in Boston on Wednesday, according to the Boston Police Department.President Jay Bernhardt said he recognised and respected the ‘civic activism and passion that sparked the protest’ after dozens were arrested.

Columbia University: House Speaker Mike Johnson called on Columbia’s chancellor to resign if he failed to bring order to the campus. Negotiations between protesters and Columbia officials to clear the encampment were extended for another 48 hours early Wednesday morning. According to the New York Times, the Faculty Senate is expected to vote on Friday on a resolution admonishing the school’s chancellor, Minouche Shafik, for some of her decisions. Shafik has come under fire for authorising police to quell student protests on campus.

University of Southern California: Police arrested about 100 protesters at the University of Southern California after being ordered to disperse.

The university cancelled next month’s main graduation ceremony, citing ‘new security measures’.

University of Texas at Austin: After tense resistance, the Texas Department of Public Safety announced that law enforcement made 57 arrests on campus.

“We do not classify arrestees based on whether or not they are students at the university,” Travis County Sheriff’s Office spokeswoman Kristen Dark told CNN.

Cal Poly Humboldt: The California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt campus will remain closed over the weekend as protesters, including “unidentified non-students,” continue to occupy two buildings, school officials said.

Brown University: The university has identified about 130 students who it says violated the school’s code of conduct, which prohibits camping on campus. The university said students found responsible would be disciplined depending on their conduct and other factors, including previous conduct violations.

Indiana University: At least 33 people were arrested on campus on Thursday following protests on campus.University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA):A “camp demonstration” was held at UCLA on Thursday.

Northeastern University: Dozens of protesters were seen forming a human chain around several tents at Northeastern University in Boston.

Ohio State University: Protesters at Ohio State University were arrested on Thursday night after refusing to disperse, according to university spokesman Benjamin Johnson.

White House throws ball to governors on National Guard

The White House has rejected a request from Republican House Speaker Mike Johnson for President Biden to call out the National Guard on college campuses.White House spokeswoman Karine Jean-Pierre said on Thursday that the issue was not up to the president.

“This is a matter for the governors to decide,” Jean-Pierre told reporters, noting that Biden had previously criticised the protests as anti-Semitic.

Johnson called the protests “dangerous” in a statement on Wednesday. “If this situation is not brought under control quickly and this threat and intimidation is not stopped, it will be an opportune time for the National Guard,” the House speaker said.

Republican calls against protests hardenPennsylvania Republican Senate candidate Dave McCormick lashed out at campus protests in Pennsylvania and across the country at a rally on Thursday night.

McCormick said: “We’re in moral trouble. The same thing happened at Penn today.Can you believe these kids are marching on our college campuses across the country? Honestly, can you believe it?” he asked.The Republican candidate called the demonstrations ‘anti-American’ and said universities that ‘condone this kind of behaviour’ should not receive federal research funding or be eligible for tax-exempt status for their endowments.

The Republican politician described the protesters’ behaviour as ‘anti-Semitic’ and ‘bordering on violence’ and said law enforcement should ‘clean up the camps’.Senators, including Republican heavyweight Mitch McConnell, argued that the demonstrations should be broken up by force.

Senate Minority Leader McConnell and his deputy John Thune wrote to US Attorney General Merrick Garland and Secretary of Education Miguel Cardona, describing the protesters as “anti-Semitic, pro-terrorist gangs”.

“The Department of Education and federal law enforcement agencies should take immediate action to restore order, prosecute gangs who continue the violence and threats against Jewish students, revoke the visas of any foreign nationals (such as exchange students) who promote terrorism, and hold school administrators accountable for standing by instead of protecting their students,” said the letter signed by 25 Republican senators.

Governor Greg Abbott, who led state troopers into the University of Texas, also said the protesters “belong in jail”.Former US President Donald Trump also condemned the demonstrations on Wednesday, comparing the anti-war protesters to the “white supremacists” who marched in Charlottesville, Virginia, during the first year of his presidency: “Charlottesville is peanuts compared to the riots and anti-Israel protests taking place all over our country.”

Classes were cancelled at Columbia University, dozens of protesters were arrested at New York University and Yale, and Harvard’s doors were closed to the public on Monday as some of the most prestigious US universities sought to defuse campus tensions over the Gaza war.

More than 100 pro-Palestinian demonstrators camped out on Columbia’s campus were arrested last week. Following the intervention at Columbia, similar camps were set up at universities across the country.

According to the Associated Press (AP), a camp set up by students at New York University attracted hundreds of protesters throughout the day on Monday. School officials said they warned the crowd to disperse, then called police when the ‘scene became disorganised’ and the university learned of ‘frightening slogans and several anti-Semitic incidents’. In the evening, the police began making arrests.

Tensions were also high on Monday at Columbia, where campus gates were closed to anyone without a school ID and protests erupted both on and off campus.

Pro-Palestinian demonstrators called for the university to withdraw its support for Israel and criticised the school’s response to the war.

Republicans call on Columbia provost to resign

Representative Kathy Manning, a Democrat from North Carolina who visited Columbia with three Jewish members of Congress, told reporters after meeting with students from the Jewish Law Students Association that there was a “huge encampment of people” taking up about a third of the green space.

Manning said after leaving the school’s Morningside Heights campus that she “saw signs calling for the destruction of Israel”, while Columbia administrators announced on Monday that classes at the Morningside campus would offer online options for students whenever possible, citing security as a top priority.

In a message to the school community on Monday, University President Minouche Shafik said he was “deeply saddened” by the events on campus.

“In order to calm the anger and give us all a chance to think about the next steps, I am announcing that all classes will be held virtually on Monday,” Shafik wrote, adding that students who do not live on campus should stay away.

In a letter sent on Monday, Republicans in the US House of Representatives from New York called on Shafik to resign, arguing that he had failed to provide a safe learning environment in recent days as “anarchy engulfed the campus”.

On Sunday, Elie Buechler, rabbi of the Orthodox Union’s Jewish Learning Initiative at Columbia, sent a WhatsApp message to about 300 Jewish students advising them to go home until the campus was safer for them.

New England Patriots owner suspends donations to Columbia

Robert Kraft, owner of the American football team the New England Patriots, has announced that he is withdrawing his support for Columbia University because of its “treatment of Jewish students and faculty” during pro-Palestinian protests on the New York campus.

The announcement by Kraft, a Columbia alumnus and major donor, adds to the pressure on the university, whose chancellor is facing calls from members of Congress to resign.

“I am deeply saddened by the hatred that continues to grow on campus and in our country. I am no longer confident that Columbia can protect its students and staff, and I am reluctant to support the university until corrective action is taken,” Kraft said in a statement through the Foundation Against Antisemitism.

The businessman donated $3 million to build the Kraft Centre for Jewish Student Life in 2000 and has given millions more since then.

Harvard administrators ban pro-Palestinian group

As Harvard Yard closed to the public on Monday, a sign at the entrance stated that structures such as tents and tables could only enter the yard with prior permission. “Students who violate this policy will be subject to disciplinary action,” the sign read, as security guards checked people’s school IDs.

On the same day, the Harvard Undergraduate Palestine Solidarity Committee announced that the university administration had suspended its group. In the suspension notice provided by the student organisation, the university wrote that the group’s demonstration on 19 April violated school policy and that the organisation had previously been placed on probation but had failed to attend required training.

The Palestine Solidarity Committee said in a statement that they were suspended for “technical reasons” and that the university refused to provide them with a written explanation of university policy when asked.

“Harvard has repeatedly shown us that Palestine is the exception to the rule of free speech,” the group said in a statement.

Dozens arrested at Yale

At Yale, police officers arrested about 45 protesters and charged them with trespassing on campus, New Haven police spokesman Christian Bruckhart said. All were later released with promises to appear in court, Bruckhart said.

The protesters set up a tent on Beinecke Plaza on Friday and demonstrated over the weekend, demanding that Yale end its investments in defence companies that do business with Israel.
Yale President Peter Salovey told the campus community on Sunday that university officials had spoken with the protesting students on several occasions about the school’s policies and guidelines, including permission to speak and access campus grounds.

School officials said they gave the protesters until the end of the week to leave Beinecke Plaza.

They said they warned the protesters again Monday morning that they could face disciplinary action, including arrest and suspension, before police took action.Bruckhart said that after Monday’s arrests at Yale, a large group of protesters regrouped and blocked a street near campus.

MIT students call on administration to speak out against warMIT junior Prahlad Iyengar, who is studying electrical engineering, was among the students who set up a tent camp on the school’s campus in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on Sunday night, AP reported.The student said they were calling for a ceasefire and protesting what they described as MIT’s “complicity in the ongoing genocide in Gaza”.

“MIT hasn’t even called for a ceasefire, and that’s absolutely our demand,” Iyengar said.

Inspired by the protests at Columbia University, students at MIT, as well as at Tufts University and Emerson College, set up pro-Palestinian encampments.

Hundreds of students set up tents on campuses in Cambridge, Medford and Boston on Sunday night to protest the Israeli-Hamas war.

The Venezuelan government has hired Rothschild as a financial adviser to conduct an overall assessment of its foreign debt obligations, people familiar with the matter told Bloomberg.

Rothschild is working to map what the government owes and to whom, the people said, speaking on condition of anonymity. Debt mapping is usually a preliminary step a government takes before it begins restructuring its debt.

Representatives of Paris-based Rothschild declined to comment. A press officer at Venezuela’s finance ministry also did not respond to messages seeking comment.

According to an estimate by Francisco Rodriguez, an economics professor at the University of Denver, Venezuela owes about $154 billion to foreign lenders, including global bonds issued by the government and the state oil company that have been in default for more than six years. Interest on these bonds and court judgments for unpaid commercial loans are piling up.

Treasuries are trading at about 20 cents on the dollar, while defaulted bonds issued by Petroleos de Venezuela are changing hands at about 11 cents, according to indicative prices compiled by Bloomberg.

The debt has rallied since JPMorgan unveiled a plan in February to reweight securities in widely followed emerging-market debt indexes.

REDD Intelligence first reported that Venezuela had hired Rothschild as a consultant.

The consultancy comes amid efforts by Nicolas Maduro’s government to re-engage with global markets, multilateral institutions and credit rating agencies after years of international isolation.

The president has tried to work with creditors over the years, but talks have never progressed.