America
Venezuela ratifies sweeping amnesty law to bridge decades of political divide
The Venezuelan National Assembly formally approved the “Amnesty Law for Democratic Coexistence” on Thursday, Feb. 19, marking a pivotal shift in the nation’s domestic policy. The legislation, championed by the administration of Executive Vice President Delcy Rodríguez, was immediately enacted as a foundational step toward “peace and tolerance” within the fractured political landscape.
The law establishes legal mechanisms intended to promote political reconciliation through a general amnesty covering offenses and misdemeanors committed in the context of political violence between 1999 and 2026. The final text explicitly references high-profile periods of unrest, including the 2002 coup attempt against then-President Hugo Chávez, the violent “guarimba” street protests led by the opposition in 2014 and 2017, and the volatile demonstrations following the July 2024 presidential election.
Article 3 of the statute asserts that the law is “guided by the principles of liberty, justice, equality, […] the primacy of human rights, and political plurality.” However, the legislation maintains rigorous boundaries regarding the eligibility of beneficiaries.
Under Article 9, which defines the ethical and constitutional scope of the amnesty, the law explicitly excludes individuals involved in gross human rights violations, crimes against humanity, or war crimes, in strict adherence to Article 29 of the Venezuelan Constitution. Furthermore, the amnesty does not extend to those prosecuted or convicted for homicide, corruption, or drug trafficking. Individuals accused of “promoting, financing, or participating in foreign actions” directed against the Venezuelan people or national sovereignty are also barred from seeking relief under the new measures.
During a press conference at the National Assembly, President of the Legislature Jorge Rodríguez characterized the law as a proactive measure to rectify historical grievances. “I believe the articles of this law recognize the victims and represent a step toward avoiding the errors of the past,” Rodríguez stated. “It sends a powerful message that we can live, work, and develop politically within the framework established by the Constitution of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.”
The parliamentary session featured support from across the aisle. Henry Falcón, an opposition deputy from the Democratic Alliance, described the amnesty as “an opportunity offered by the State to move forward.” Falcón emphasized that “in the face of a higher interest—the nation itself—we cannot remain anchored to the differences of the past.”
Following twenty days of public consultations and internal debate, the final text received unanimous approval from all 277 deputies. Jorge Rodríguez subsequently announced the formation of a Special Monitoring Commission, co-chaired by Jorge Arreaza of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV) and Nora Bracho of the Un Nuevo Tiempo (UNT) party. This body is tasked with overseeing the execution of the law and processing specific release requests.
At a formal ceremony held Thursday evening at the Miraflores Palace, Executive Vice President Delcy Rodríguez officially accepted the legislative instrument, calling for a “national reunion.” She noted that the law “opens an extraordinary door for Venezuela to learn to coexist democratically and peacefully, liberated from hatred and intolerance.”
Addressing the mandated exclusions, Rodríguez requested that the Commission for Judicial Revolution, led by Interior Minister Diosdado Cabello, review cases that do not fall under the amnesty’s direct purview to provide recommendations for “healing wounds” where legal barriers exist.
Jorge Arreaza, head of the legislative special commission, confirmed in a televised interview that the first 379 amnesty applications have already been processed, with the majority originating from Caracas. “The Supreme Court and the Attorney General’s Office have received 379 applications. These individuals should be released in the coming hours,” Arreaza said, adding that the process would intensify in the coming days. By Saturday, Jorge Rodríguez noted that an additional 1,500 cases were currently under review.
In parallel, Ernesto Villegas, Minister of Culture and Coordinator of the Program for Peace and Democratic Coexistence, convened meetings with peasant, tenant, and labor organizations. These groups represent activists facing legal proceedings linked to social struggles over land, housing, and employment—sectors not explicitly detailed as primary beneficiaries in the initial draft.
Grassroots organizations used the forum to denounce the “criminalization” of social demands, providing documentation to the National Assembly’s commission to ensure their cases are considered. The meeting also included relatives of individuals imprisoned on public sector corruption charges, who criticized the penal system and sought redress for their family members. The Program for Peace and Democratic Coexistence has pledged to transmit these grievances to the relevant authorities to facilitate corrective measures.
America
Musk appointed co-director of Pentagon future warfare initiative
The world’s richest man, Elon Musk, has assumed the co-directorship of a Pentagon initiative focused on the future of warfare, known as “Project Meridian”.
Musk’s new role was announced by US Secretary of Defence Pete Hegseth.
Musk, who has long expressed his conviction that wars will ultimately be fought with autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles, will advise the project as co-director alongside Palmer Luckey, founder of defence start-up Anduril, and former Speaker of the House of Representatives Newt Gingrich.
In a memorandum issued at the Pentagon, Hegseth stated that the group would “examine the battlefields of the future” and “determine which weapons and technologies warfighters must employ to achieve dominance in these environments.”
During his “State of the Force” address at Marine Corps Base Quantico, Hegseth said:
“The best predictors of future conflict do not reside exclusively within the Pentagon. Obvious biases and risks arise when we task ourselves with both framing the questions and answering them.”
Hegseth stated that this initiative would commence immediately and that, following his address, he would convene with Musk, Luckey, and Gingrich at a secure location.
Project Meridian will have 120 days to “ruthlessly map the trajectory of wars, domains, and technologies”, a process that will culminate in the public disclosure of its findings alongside a classified annex.
Hegseth outlined an expansive mandate extending “from beneath the surface of the Earth to beyond the Moon.”
Rather than formulating new military strategies or policies, the panel will seek to identify “the domains we must seize and the capabilities we must master”, focusing on the effort to “discover, develop, and field” the weapons and systems that next-generation American troops may require.
The group is expected to submit a report containing recommendations to him by the end of January.
In 2024, Musk remarked: “Future wars will be entirely about drones and hypersonic missiles.” This was merely one of several similar statements he has made in recent years.
For Musk, whose oversight role at the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) ended in turmoil and escalated into a dispute with President Donald Trump over Trump’s spending bill, this appointment marks his formal return to government in an official capacity.
Musk and Trump ultimately reconciled, and Musk attended a meeting on artificial intelligence safety at the White House this week alongside other technology leaders.
Meridian forms part of a broader push announced by Hegseth to restructure the military around autonomous warfare and rapidly advancing technologies.
Hegseth announced the establishment of the Autonomous Warfare Command (AUTOWARCOM), a new four-star combatant command endowed with what he termed “service-like authorities” to scale autonomous and robotic capabilities across the joint force.
The Department of War will also begin phasing in new occupational frameworks across all military branches to establish specialised career tracks for what Hegseth described as “the next generation of autonomous warfighters.”
“We should have conceived an Autonomous Warfare Command a decade ago,” Hegseth said, explaining that Meridian aims to gaze far enough ahead to enable the military to anticipate the next technological shift rather than lag behind.
America
Pentagon breach exposes personal records of three million people
A cyberattack targeting the US Department of War’s personnel database has resulted in the leak of personal information belonging to approximately 3 million people.
Speaking to ABC News, a Pentagon official stated that the system accessed by unauthorised individuals contained the records of 2,760,000 living persons and 294,000 deceased individuals.
The Military Times portal, which first broke the news, had reported the number of affected individuals as approximately 4 million based on two sources. The Pentagon official subsequently conveyed different figures to ABC News.
The leak encompasses Social Security numbers and duty information belonging to military personnel and civilian employees. According to an official notification examined by Military Times, the compromised records may also include names, dates of birth, contact information, sex, race, and military occupational specialties.
The unauthorised access to the information system of the Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC) lasted for approximately nine months, between October 2025 and 16 July 2026.
ABC News reported that the access in question was obtained by a small number of third-party users. The vulnerability was closed after it was identified.
The DMDC is considered one of the Pentagon’s primary personnel records centres. More than 60 million records belonging to active-duty personnel, reservists, civilian staff, contractors, retirees, veterans, and military family members are stored at the centre.
The Pentagon has not detected any evidence that the leaked data has been misused. Military Times reported that affected individuals were offered identity restoration and credit history monitoring services.
A similar data breach previously occurred on the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s (FBI) recruitment website, FBIJobs.gov. According to information obtained by ABC News from internal communications and sources, the FBI is considering the possibility that data belonging to its entire staff may have been stolen.
The New York Times (NYT) examined a portion of the stolen FBI records. Home addresses, telephone numbers, official email addresses, Social Security numbers, dates of birth, hiring dates, and emergency contact details for relatives were identified within these documents.
The database also contained unit designations, duty roles, and information regarding the supervisors of personnel. Some records revealed assignments within counterintelligence and counternarcotics units, as well as departments examining threats originating from Russia, China, and Iran.
Ciaran Martin, the former head of the UK National Cyber Security Centre, noted that this type of breach could directly affect the FBI’s operational capabilities.
The hacker group known as ShinyHunters had announced that it had seized medical data and security clearance records alongside files belonging to tens of thousands of active and former FBI employees.
Experts evaluating the matter for the NYT warned that this information could be used to track agents, threaten their families, or compile dossiers by foreign intelligence services.
The ShinyHunters group initially threatened to release the data unless the bureau withdrew an advisory it had published concerning the group’s attack methods.
The group later asserted that it had never intended to leak the information and characterised its action as an advertising campaign.
In a report published in May, Reuters noted that the personal data of US military personnel had been used in surveillance and attack preparations.
According to the agency, Washington’s adversaries gained the ability to pinpoint areas where troops were concentrated by exploiting commercially available location data. US lawmakers at the time criticised the Pentagon for failing to adequately protect the personal data of military personnel.
America
Canada diversifies oil and gas exports away from US
US President Donald Trump’s trade policy and the Washington administration’s push to increase Venezuelan oil imports are prompting Canada to diversify its energy exports.
According to a report by The Wall Street Journal, recent developments are accelerating Canada’s development of new oil and natural gas projects.
Steps taken by the Ottawa administration, which aspires to become an energy superpower, are seen as potentially strengthening the country’s position in global markets.
In Canada, the world’s fourth-largest oil producer and fifth-largest natural gas producer, the energy sector accounts for approximately one-fifth of total exports.
Almost all of the country’s natural gas exports and approximately 90% of its oil exports go to the US.
The newspaper writes that the trade war with Washington and the atmosphere of confrontation entered into with Iran have heightened Canada’s desire to turn to alternative markets outside the US.
Officials plan to increase shipments of oil and liquefied natural gas (LNG) to European and Asian markets.
Accelerating infrastructure investments in line with this target, Canada is also shortening approval processes. The government is prioritising the construction of an oil pipeline extending specifically to the west coast.
According to the newspaper’s estimate, if major pipeline projects are implemented, Canada’s daily oil transport capacity could rise to 6.8 million barrels by 2034.
Routes heading to the west coast will make up approximately 30% of this capacity.
The Canadian administration is simultaneously advancing LNG export projects. According to the report, these investments could allow approximately 55% of Canadian natural gas exports to be directed to markets outside the US by the early or mid-2030s.
While the government expands tax incentives for the oil and natural gas sector, the province of Alberta also plans to overhaul its royalty system.
However, the newspaper notes that implementing the new projects requires heavy investment, and the process depends on the final decisions taken by producers as well as the completion of regulatory approval processes.
The expansion of pipeline and LNG infrastructure could gradually reduce Canada’s dependence on the US market while raising its share in the global energy market.
The Canadian Prime Minister’s demand to reduce reliance on the US market had also come to the fore in July.
According to Carney’s statement, the province of Alberta submitted a plan for a pipeline spanning more than 1,000 kilometres to the west coast of British Columbia.
Targeted for completion by September 2027, the line will reach the Pacific coast by following an existing corridor through the mountainous terrain.
This shift in energy comes at a time of strained relations with the US. Donald Trump said that if Canada obtains associate member status in the European Union, he could halt trade with Europe in certain sectors and impose high tariffs.
As reported by the Associated Press, Trump characterised such a rapprochement as a “potentially hostile act”.
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen had proposed opening the path for Canada to become the EU’s first associate member. The terms of this associate membership status, which is not defined in EU treaties, are not yet clear and require the approval of member states to enter into force.
Canada, which does not seek full membership, aims for maximum rapprochement with the EU.
Following Trump’s return to the White House, relations between Washington and Ottawa deteriorated. The Trump administration, which repeatedly called on Canada to become the “51st state” of the US, introduced additional tariffs.
In July, the US began imposing 50% tariffs on certain Canadian-origin goods.
-
Europe6 days agoEuropean unions urge governments to scrap all Palantir deals
-
Diplomacy6 days agoEast-West Forum in Istanbul highlights irreversible shift to multipolarity
-
Europe1 week agoEmmanuel Todd says West faces collapse amid Ukraine and Iran crises
-
Europe2 weeks agoEuropean intelligence chiefs divide over risk of Russian attack
-
Diplomacy1 week agoEast-West Forum in Istanbul to debate multipolarity and global order
-
Middle East2 weeks agoSharaa says 7 October must not shape Israel policy on Syria
-
America2 weeks agoRepublican support for Trump’s war with Iran drops sharply in polls
-
Europe6 days agoRome protests AfD poster depicting South Tyrol as independent state
