Diplomacy
Xi in Paris: Our relations with France at the forefront of relations with major Western countries
Chinese President Xi Jinping arrived in Paris on Sunday afternoon local time, the first stop on a three-nation European tour. Xi, who was welcomed in Paris by French Prime Minister Gabriel Attal, said in a written statement that over the past 60 years, China-France relations have long been at the forefront of China’s relations with major Western countries, setting a good example for the international community on peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation between countries with different systems.
The development of China-France relations has not only benefited the two peoples, but also “injected stability and positive energy” into the turbulent world, the Chinese leader said.
In a separate article in the French daily Le Figaro, the Chinese president said he had come to France with three messages: That Beijing is determined to open ‘new horizons’ in its relations with France, to open up to the world ‘even more’ and to safeguard world peace and stability.
Xi’s visit to France comes as this year marks the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and France.
Xi will hold talks with French President Emmanuel Macron and European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen in Paris today, 6 May.
On Tuesday, Macron will take the Chinese leader and his wife to the Pyrenees mountains, where he used to visit his grandmother as a child. The two couples are also expected to take a cable car to the top of the 2,877-metre Pic du Midi, a dark sky reserve.
After France, the Chinese leader will travel to Serbia and Hungary, two countries with close ties to Russia.
Crisis agenda
The talks will focus on international crises, in particular the war in Ukraine and the situation in the Middle East,’ the Elysee Palace said in a statement ahead of the visit last week.
Macron is expected to ask Xi to put pressure on Russian President Vladimir Putin over Ukraine. In an interview with the Economist last week, the French president argued that the war was existential for Europe.
In addition to the war in Ukraine, Europe is also concerned about China’s trade practices and has launched an investigation into Chinese subsidies to electric car makers, amid concerns that such payments undermine competition and hurt European companies.
Macron told the Economist that he would also tell Xi why Europe must protect its own manufacturers and industries.
On Sunday night, von der Leyen also signalled the EU’s continued displeasure with China, which she said was “currently producing with huge subsidies”.
Promoting strategic autonomy
In a press briefing on 29 April after China announced the visit, Chinese Ambassador to France Lu Shaye said: ‘President Xi will have a comprehensive and in-depth strategic communication with French President Emmanuel Macron on China-France and China-Europe relations. He will encourage France to maintain strategic autonomy and openness in cooperation, thus leading Europe to build a more independent, objective and friendly understanding of China and resist negative trends such as ‘de-risking’ and ‘de-dependence’ on China,’ he said.
Trade deals expected
People familiar with the negotiations said China could announce an order for around 50 Airbus planes during Xi’s visit, but it remains unclear whether this will lead to a new deal.
Pierre Picquart, an expert in geopolitics and human geography at the University of Paris-VIII, told the Global Times that Xi’s visit is important in three ways:
‘Economically, it could pave the way for trade agreements and promote mutually beneficial investment in key sectors such as technology, innovation, energy and infrastructure. Diplomatically, it provides an ideal platform to strengthen coordination and cooperation between China and France on key global issues such as climate change, international security and public health. On the cultural and educational front, this visit can open up new opportunities for cooperation in education, research and culture, thereby strengthening exchanges between our peoples and deepening our mutual understanding.
Special welcome for Xi
Chinese and French national flags were hoisted at one end of the Champs-Élysées boulevard and on the street in front of Les Invalides to welcome Xi.
On Sunday afternoon, near the Arc de Triomphe in central Paris, many Chinese and French students waved Chinese and French national flags to welcome Xi Jinping. The students carried banners saying “Long live China-France friendship” and “We wish President Xi a successful visit to France”.
In preparation for Xi’s visit and to mark the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and France, various events were organised.
A symposium on “Exchange and Mutual Learning between Chinese and French Civilisations” was held on Friday. Co-organised by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) in Beijing and the National Institute of Oriental Languages and Civilisations in Paris, the symposium brought together nearly 100 scholars from the two countries to discuss China-France cross-cultural exchange practices, scientific and technological innovation, and the future of civilisation.
Antoine Broussy, director of the Charles de Gaulle Foundation, told the Global Times that many other special events have been organised in Paris.
Xi will be officially received by Macron at the Elysee Palace today. This will be followed by a state dinner to mark 60 years of relations between France and the People’s Republic of China.
Chinese support for Macron’s calls
French President Macron’s call for Europe’s ‘strategic autonomy’ is a recurring theme.
Both Xi and Foreign Minister Wang Yi have previously said that China supports Europe strengthening its strategic autonomy and taking its future into its own hands.
During his visit to China last year, French President Macron warned Europe against being drawn into a US-China confrontation over Taiwan, prompting the US magazine Foreign Policy to describe strategic autonomy as ‘a French pipe dream’.
He Zhigao, a research fellow at the CASS Institute for European Studies, told the Global Times that the US wants to keep Europe under tight control to bind it to the Washington-led Western camp.
If Europe looks at China from a global perspective that can benefit the world, China is an opportunity. But if it is on the side of the US, then China should be a challenge,’ he said, adding that China’s engagement with Europe is for common development.
According to a report by Business France, China has been the largest Asian country in terms of investment and job creation in France for three consecutive years. While Sino-French development in core sectors such as aviation, nuclear energy and trade is flourishing, emerging areas such as renewable energy and the digital economy are likely to become new engines of growth.
Xin Hua, Director and Chair Professor of the Centre for European Union Studies at the Shanghai Graduate School of International Studies, believes that China-France relations are the cornerstone of China-Europe relations: France is one of the most important core members of the EU, and its strategic orientations play a decisive role in the EU’s integration process and the strategic and security model of the European continent. As long as China and France maintain positive interaction, China-Europe relations will remain stable.
Divisive discussions
The 27 members of the EU, particularly France and Germany, are divided over their stance on China.
According to The Guardian, German Chancellor Olaf Scholz will not join Macron and Xi in Paris because of prior commitments.
There is no consensus in Europe on this issue because some actors still see China mainly as a market of opportunities,’ Macron said, without naming any countries.
France will also seek progress on opening up the Chinese market to its agricultural exports and address the concerns of the French cosmetics industry over intellectual property rights, officials said.
Ahead of Xi’s visit, Western media described the Chinese leader’s tour as ‘an attempt to divide Europe’. According to the Financial Times, Xi is trying to increase his influence in the region by playing on Europe’s ‘fissures’.
According to Matt Geracim, deputy director of the Atlantic Council’s Global China Centre, the Chinese president went to Europe with three objectives: ‘to repair relations in Europe damaged by China’s support for Russia’s war in Ukraine, to blunt the EU’s economic security agenda against China, and to showcase Beijing’s strong ties with its loyal partners Serbia and Hungary’.
Chinese experts told the Global Times that these claims are ‘paranoid’ and that Xi’s visit is aimed at boosting exchanges with Europe in all areas, especially trade.
Diplomacy
FIFA abandons $4.2 billion commercial stake sale following widespread revolt
FIFA and Gianni Infantino have backed down from plans to sell a stake in the organization’s commercial and event operations following widespread backlash.
In a statement issued late Friday night, the embattled FIFA president said:
“After carefully listening to all views, it has become clear that this project, regardless of the level of support, causes divisions that are now contrary to the interests of the objective originally established. Our goal has always been, and will always be, to unite and improve. As a result, this proposal will not be implemented.”
Infantino’s proposal met with fierce resistance from UEFA, CONCACAF, and the Asian Football Confederation (AFC).
UEFA indicated that all 55 of its members would boycott FIFA competitions, including the World Cup, if the plans remained on the table.
In its statement, FIFA noted that “nobody is selling football,” and while asserting that it “acknowledges and respects the feedback and concerns expressed publicly,” emphasized that it would continue to implement suggestions.
It added that it “reaffirms its commitment to an open and democratic process of consultation.”
Shortly after FIFA issued its statement, the AFC released its own declaration of solidarity with UEFA and the Confederation of North, Central America and Caribbean Association Football (CONCACAF).
Infantino subsequently suffered two major internal blows.
First, his adviser Carlos Cordeiro resigned from his position, sharply criticizing the plan in a statement as “a bad deal for FIFA member associations, a bad deal for football, and a bad deal for the long-term future of the game.”
Then, FIFA Chief Operating Officer Kevin Lamour told the Associated Press that staff felt “deceived” by Infantino and that after raising the issue, he would “sleep better, even at the cost of losing his job.”
Lamour said:
“This is the project of a single person. Leaving aside that this project should not proceed… it is now time for the political leaders of world football to ask themselves the right questions and make the right decisions.”
These developments left Infantino cornered, and by Friday afternoon, numerous figures within the organization—speaking to The Athletic on condition of anonymity to protect their jobs—believed it was no longer a question of “if” the cord would be cut, but “when.”
Joshua Kushner’s venture capital firm Thrive had not withdrawn from the deal as of Friday night, but that became moot when FIFA management ultimately decided to kill the project via a public statement.
Joshua Kushner is the brother of Jared Kushner, the son-in-law of Donald Trump.
On Tuesday, world football’s governing body had announced its intention to establish FIFA Forward Enterprises (FFE), a new private entity to manage its flagship events, including the World Cup and the Club World Cup, with plans to sell a 21% minority stake in FFE to external investors.
The sale was targeted to generate $4.2 billion (£3.2 billion) in revenue. FIFA stated that this amount could be immediately distributed to its 211 member associations under a new funding stream named the “FIFA Fast-Forward Program” (FFFP).
Under the plan, FIFA’s total development funding would have exceeded $10 billion over the next four years.
Despite mounting criticism in recent days, FIFA confirmed that if member associations opposed the FFE plan but the proposal was accepted, the dissenting federations would each receive $20 million (£14.9 million) for the 2027–30 cycle, regardless of whether shares in FFE were sold to private investors (to be followed by $22 million for 2031–34 and $24 million for 2035–38).
However, had a given member association accepted the FFE proposal, it would have received $40 million for the 2027–30 period, with subsequent payouts remaining the same.
The three confederations that explicitly took a stand against FIFA’s plan represent 137 of the 211 FIFA member associations.
FIFA had stated that for the proposal to move forward, it required the approval of a majority of the 211 member associations as well as the 37-member FIFA Council, which consists of Infantino and eight FIFA vice presidents.
Strategic reactions and leadership crisis
South American football confederation CONMEBOL did not reject the plans in a statement on Friday, but noted that financial and commercial decisions “must always serve the interests of football and never take precedence over the essence of the game.”
According to a report by The Athletic, Infantino’s future leadership of FIFA was called into question during UEFA and CONCACAF meetings held on Thursday.
Infantino assumed the FIFA presidency in February 2016, succeeding Sepp Blatter, and was expected to run unopposed in the next election scheduled for March 2027.
There is also talk among European officials of putting forward Nasser Al-Khelaifi, the Qatari CEO of beIN Media, to run against Infantino.
Lise Klaveness, President of the Norwegian Football Federation, told VG: “My clear impression right now is that he has suffered a major loss of trust. We did not vote for him last time and were skeptical about this. There are many good aspects to FIFA, but if you take a lax approach to governance principles and rules, you lose trust quickly.”
Diplomacy
Defense Priorities director warns US air strategy in Middle East faces tactical limits
The collapse of a tentative memorandum of understanding between Washington and Tehran, coupled with the diminishing strategic returns of American air power, has left the United States locked in an unsustainable, low-intensity conflict with Iran, according to Benjamin Friedman, Policy Director at the Washington-based think tank Defense Priorities.
Speaking in an interview on the YouTube channel Harici with host Sarp Sinan Hacır, Friedman attributed the failure of the short-lived US-Iran memorandum primarily to the Trump administration’s diplomatic missteps, vague draft language, and unrealistic expectations regarding a comprehensive settlement.
“Both sides really deserve some blame, but the Trump administration deserves the bulk of the blame for drafting an agreement that was so vague on key terms,” Friedman said, citing ambiguities surrounding the timeline for unfreezing Iranian assets and the scope of American commitments to restrain Israeli military operations in Lebanon.
Friedman emphasized that deep-seated mistrust in Tehran, exacerbated by repeated instances where diplomatic engagement was followed by Israeli or American military strikes, led Iranian negotiators to adopt an unyielding posture. At the same time, he noted that Iran likely miscalculated by using disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz to aggressively force leverage.
“The Trump administration remained intent on this sort of grand bargain that would restrain Iran seeking weapons development… and I think they continue to misread the Iranian willingness to sign that kind of deal,” Friedman noted, adding that Tehran viewed its leverage over the Strait of Hormuz as essential despite the risk of provoking further strikes.
Expressing deep skepticism over the prospects for a lasting diplomatic breakthrough, Friedman criticized the administration’s reliance on informal envoys such as Steve Bannon and Jared Kushner over professional diplomatic channels, predicting that the baseline outcome will remain an unpredictable, episodic conflict.
“What’s more likely is a kind of on-off-again kind of war—sort of what we’re in now, where we have occasional strikes, with the United States perhaps by accident adopting the Israeli model of ‘mowing the lawn’ periodically,” Friedman said.
Addressing the efficacy of US air power, Friedman argued that military operations against Iranian targets have reached a point of diminishing returns. While early strikes successfully eliminated critical high-value assets—such as over-the-horizon radar systems that targeted anti-ship missiles—Iran’s ballistic missile and long-range drone capabilities remain largely intact and operational.
He pointed to a recent strike on a base hosting US personnel in Jordan, launched from western Iran over a distance exceeding 1,000 kilometers, as evidence of Tehran’s sustained strike precision and the tactical limits of American interdiction efforts.
“The war is a failure for air power even in a tactical sense,” Friedman stated. “Initially, we looked at it and said we had a lot of success in destroying targets, but as more information came out, it turned out they had maybe more than half of their missiles and launchers survive the initial phase of the war.”
Friedman observed that the global proliferation of low-cost, high-precision guidance technology has permanently altered the strategic landscape, neutralizing the traditional invulnerability of forward-deployed US installations. “The precise effects of air power that used to be almost a monopoly of the United States… is actually making our posture in the region less sustainable,” he said, warning that similar vulnerabilities would be vastly amplified in any potential high-intensity conflict with China.
As an alternative to open-ended military engagement, Friedman suggested that Washington consider a complete military withdrawal from the region, even if it entails accepting Iranian transit fees on commercial shipping through the Strait of Hormuz. “The cost of preventing that through perpetual outbursts of warfare is much higher than just accepting it,” he noted.
Turning to regional dynamics, Friedman addressed Israel’s current absence from active strike operations against Iran, characterizing it as a calculated move to preserve its own air defense interceptors while relying on Washington to bear the operational and political burdens of containment.
On European security and the broader alliance structure, Friedman offered a critical assessment of the NATO summit in Ankara and the administration’s “NATO 3.0” concept. He described the white paper led by Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth as an effort to coerce European states into escalating defense expenditures and purchasing American hardware under the threat of reduced security guarantees, rather than executing a structured, strategic US posture adjustment.
“This is not a real US withdrawal; it’s a kind of pressure to up your loyalty in a particular way,” Friedman said, noting that major European powers such as Germany, France, and the UK lack a compelling existential incentive to construct independent, large-scale conventional war-fighting capabilities.
Regarding bilateral relations with Ankara, Friedman noted that US-Turkish tensions have eased considerably following the shift in American posture in Syria and progress toward resolving long-standing friction points, including the F-35 program and S-400 procurement. He added that while Israeli leadership under Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has expressed frustration over Washington’s constructive engagement with President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, the White House has maintained its strategic course despite pressure from domestic pro-Israel lobbying groups.
Addressing internal Republican Party dynamics, Friedman highlighted the evolving public stance of Vice President J.D. Vance, whose cautious criticism of Israeli influence and emphasis on divergent national interests reflects broader ideological shifts within the conservative base.
“Vance is more representative of the shift in the Republican Party,” Friedman said. “He’s criticizing them in a limited way and saying, ‘Our interests are different.’ From the perspective of those of us who would like the United States to have a more distant relationship from Israel, it’s progress.”
Looking ahead to the upcoming US midterm elections, Friedman anticipated that a loss of congressional control by the Republican Party would severely curtail the administration’s domestic executive overreach, though its structural impact on foreign policy execution and Middle Eastern operations would remain comparatively limited.
Diplomacy
UK Prime Minister Andy Burnham pledges full support to Ukraine in meeting with Zelenskyy
UK Prime Minister Andy Burnham has met with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in Portsmouth, England.
Zelenskyy is the first world leader Burnham has met in person since taking office, with the prime minister committing to building a “firm partnership” between the United Kingdom and Ukraine.
Demonstrating their support, the two leaders toured a military base in Portsmouth where 200 Ukrainian troops are currently undergoing naval training exercises.
Burnham described his meeting with the Ukrainian president as “warm” and said he plans to visit Ukraine soon.
“We will build this together and address the various issues President Zelenskyy is facing, many of which we discussed today,” Burnham said.
The meeting follows an announcement by London that it will share intellectual property rights to assist Kyiv’s war effort.
The new prime minister announced that the UK will share the “Stone Cloak” electronic warfare system—which is fitted to drones to prevent detection—and will assist Ukraine in mass-producing the technology.
Burnham has focused primarily on domestic matters since replacing Keir Starmer, who faced criticism from elements within his own party for spending too much time abroad and focusing heavily on foreign affairs.
However, Burnham sought to signal continuity in Britain’s policy toward Ukraine. In one of his first phone calls after becoming prime minister last week, Burnham invited Zelenskyy to visit the UK “as soon as possible.”
Starmer spent his final full day as prime minister in Kyiv, where he announced £255 million in funding for Ukraine.
Speaking to Sky on Monday, Zelenskyy said his telephone conversation with Burnham had been “very good.”
The Ukrainian leader noted that Starmer had previously assured him that “the new government would maintain the policy of supporting Ukraine during the war.”
The new prime minister told the Ukrainian leader it was “no coincidence” that he was his first international visitor since moving into Downing Street.
“The purpose of this is to send a very clear message. We stand 100% with Ukraine, I personally stand 100% with you, and I will fully deliver on every commitment this country has made to Ukraine,” Burnham said.
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