Europe
European armies struggling to recruit soldiers
According to an assessment in Politico, the problem for European countries is no longer recruiting new soldiers, but persuading existing ones not to leave.
This week, French Armed Forces Minister Sébastien Lecornu unveiled a ‘talent retention’ plan to incentivise military personnel to stay in the service.
This development comes just days after an annual report to the German parliament revealed that 1,537 soldiers will leave the Bundeswehr by 2023, reducing the German armed forces to 181,514 personnel.
“These discussions are now taking place in all capitals, in all democracies with professional armies without conscription,” Lecornu said on Monday, referring to the United Kingdom and the United States. At NATO meetings we can talk about equipment, but now we are also talking … about the level of retention [of personnel],” he said.
As Europe tries to rebuild its armies in response to the war in Ukraine, countries such as Croatia are considering reintroducing conscription. Others, such as Denmark, are planning to extend it to women.
Germany abolished conscription in 2011, but with many in the army ageing, there are discussions about reintroducing some form of national service.
Soldier salaries: Money talks
For countries that rely on professional armies, the challenge is to make the armed forces attractive, but this is difficult in times of low unemployment, fierce competition from the private sector and widespread teleworking.
In France, military personnel stay in the armed forces on average one year less than before. In the UK, there is an annual shortfall of 1,100 soldiers, the equivalent of two infantry battalions, even though the government has outsourced recruitment to the private company Capita.
Money is also a factor in the personnel shortfall. One of the key measures in the French plan is to increase pensions by incorporating bonuses; salaries will also be raised.
The problem, however, according to Politico, is that working conditions are not as attractive, with chronic overtime, months away from home and missed convalescence periods the order of the day.
Families are important too, it’s not just about the soldier
“It’s not about recruiting, it’s about retaining families,” Admiral Lisa Franchetti, chief of naval operations for the US Navy, told a conference in Paris earlier this year.
In Poland, the new government announced earlier this year that it would raise salaries by around 20 per cent in a bid to retain soldiers. The minimum monthly salary for a soldier rose from 4,960 zlotys (1,150 euros) to 6,000 zlotys. The Polish army has grown from 95,000 in 2015 to 215,000 this year.
The French plan includes help with housing, access to healthcare and childcare. Couples who both work for the Ministry of the Armed Forces will be able to change jobs together, even if one is a civilian.
“I would rather recruit less to improve retention than go on a recruitment spree where the number of people retained is constantly decreasing,” said Lecornu.
Germany wants women in army
As part of Germany’s efforts to strengthen its national defence, the government wants to increase the number of personnel in the armed forces to 203,000 by the early 2030s, but recruitment has been slow to pick up.
Eva Högl, a member of the Bundestag’s special committee on the armed forces, said that reintroducing some form of conscription was one way to turn things around, but that targeting women was a more obvious move to halt the decline because the potential in this area was “far from exhausted”.
Legislation passed last year aims to make conditions more attractive, including more support for childcare and higher pensions.
There are problems not only with working hours, but also with basic infrastructure. “When I visit the units, I no longer hear that helmets and protective vests are missing, but that lockers are,” Högl wrote in his annual report.
According to Högl, the renovation of barracks and military facilities will cost around 50 billion euros. That is half of the total special fund the government has set up to renew the armed forces after the war in Ukraine.
Europe
EIB to unveil 15 billion euro tech initiative to scale European startups
The European Investment Bank (EIB) will announce a €15 billion initiative today, in collaboration with EU capitals and private investors, aimed at supporting the growth of European technology companies.
For decades, startups on the continent have struggled to raise the large-scale funding rounds necessary to scale on this side of the Atlantic, frequently turning to US investors or relocating abroad as they expand.
“We are catching up. Now we need to accelerate,” EIB President Nadia Calviño said.
Under the existing European Tech Champions Initiative, the EIB had already pooled resources with six EU governments to establish funds that invest in high-growth companies across the EU.
Calviño described the initiative as “very successful,” noting that it has supported 12 European “unicorn” companies valued at over $1 billion, including the German artificial intelligence translation firm DeepL.
The bank is now expanding the program with a new phase nearly four times the size of the original.
Twenty-five EU governments, alongside private investors such as Santander and Danske Bank, are expected to participate in the program.
This initial €15 billion aims to mobilize up to €80 billion in total investment. Calviño stated that this estimate is based on the multiplier effects achieved under previous programs.
As part of these efforts, the EIB also aims to attract European pension funds, which manage immense pools of capital but have historically allocated fewer resources to technology investments compared to their US counterparts.
In addition to the new funding, Calviño noted that the EIB will create a platform providing a single point of access for existing European scale-up initiatives, including the European Commission’s Scaleup Europe Fund, France’s Tibi initiative, and Germany’s Win initiative.
Europe
Germany to purchase US Tomahawk missiles to build own long-range strike capability
Germany will purchase Tomahawk cruise missiles from the United States and deploy them on German territory, Chancellor Friedrich Merz announced on Thursday.
The move marks a shift away from planned US deployments and toward Germany establishing its own long-range strike capability.
Merz told lawmakers that he finalized the agreement with the US government during the NATO summit in Ankara, adding that the talks held on Tuesday and Wednesday had exceeded his expectations.
“While we close a critical strategic gap in our defense, we are also working to develop our own European systems and deploy them in Europe,” the Chancellor said.
According to German government sources, Washington committed in a letter of intent signed on Tuesday to approve Germany’s acquisition of Tomahawk missiles and their land-based Typhon launchers in August.
The number of missiles and launchers Germany plans to purchase was not disclosed because the information is classified.
The planned acquisition appears aligned with US President Donald Trump’s pressure on European allies to cover their own security costs, such as by purchasing US weapons.
The fate of the Tomahawk procurement had become uncertain after Trump announced in May that he would reduce the US military presence in Germany.
That development was seen as a cancellation of a plan made under the previous administration to deploy a US battalion equipped with long-range Tomahawk missiles to Germany.
That original plan was designed as a temporary solution to serve as a strong deterrent against Russia while Europeans developed their own versions of such weapons.
Germany produces its own cruise missile, the Taurus, but its range of approximately 311 miles is three to five times shorter than that of the Tomahawk missiles.
Europe
Apple loses EU court appeal over Digital Markets Act gatekeeper designation
The General Court of the European Union has rejected Apple’s challenges against its “gatekeeper” status designated under the Digital Markets Act (DMA).
With this ruling, the company’s designated status for the App Store and iOS remains valid, while its applications regarding iMessage were also rejected.
Apple had argued that the five separate App Stores it operates for the iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, Mac, and Apple TV should be evaluated as distinct, individual services.
The court rejected this argument, ruling that these stores serve a common purpose of connecting developers and users, regardless of the specific device.
The court also dismissed Apple’s defense that the DMA’s interoperability obligations violate its fundamental rights.
However, it did not conduct a substantive assessment on the legality of this obligation, stating that a direct legal link could not be established between the regulation in question and the determination of “gatekeeper” status.
Following the ruling, Apple argued that the obligations under the DMA “exceed the boundaries of legality and proportionality.” The company asserted that the new rules jeopardize the work it has carried out for years to ensure user privacy and security.
Apple retains the right to appeal the decision, though a company spokesperson did not comment on whether there are plans to do so.
Apple previously declared that DMA rules prevented the launch of the updated version of Siri in Europe, resulting in European users being unable to benefit from the service.
In force in the European Union since 2024, the DMA covers a total of 22 services and products belonging to Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, ByteDance, Meta Platforms, and Microsoft.
The regulation obliges these companies to share certain data with competitors, provide access to user-generated data, and offer verification tools to advertising partners.
Additionally, it prohibits platforms from engaging in anti-competitive practices that favor their own products. Companies failing to comply with the rules face fines of up to 10% of their global turnover, which can rise to 20% in cases of repeated violations.
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