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Uzbekistan reopens railway line to Afghanistan after 10 days

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Uzbekistan has resumed freight trains to Afghanistan through the Hairatan-Mazar-i-Sharif railway line after its closure last week due to some issues between the two sides.

The suspension in trade between the two neighboring countries ended after 10 days and according to Afghanistan Railway Authority (ARA) 50 wagons of commercial goods arrived at Haritaran port from Uzbekistan.

Uzbekistan Railway also confirmed the decision to restore services and said the development was made after this week’s meeting with the Afghan officials.

UR in a statement said that the meeting was positive and Baiturrahman Sharofat, head of the Afghan railway’s department, led the talks with the Uzbekistan side.

Authorities in Uzbekistan Railway said a new contract was signed between Afghan Railway Administration and Uzbekistan’s Sogdiana Trans in order to resume and facilitate further operations of the Hairatan to Mazar-e-Sharif line.

“We have already agreed on the structure of the deal and delegations from both sides have been working to prepare a draft for a new contract or Memorandum of Understanding,” said Sami Durrain, a spokesman for ARA.

Technical committee consisting of two parties has already established contact and started working, according to Durrain.

Traders welcome resumption of trade line

The Afghan traders and members of private sectors have welcomed the announcement and extolled related officials from Afghanistan and Uzbekistan for their efforts in the resumption of the line.

They also called on the Taliban officials at the ARA to take every step to keep the railway line active and operational with Uzbekistan and other neighboring countries.

A member of the private sector Ahmad Munabi said that business through railways is helpful to improve the economy and also reduce timing. “Railway is also much cheaper than road transportations and it is very safe,” he added.

Of course we should work hard to keep our trade relations with our neighbors, especially with those countries that we are connected via railway, said an economic expert.

“Also we can do a very lucrative business with our neighbors in the oil market because Central Asian countries, including Russia, are interested in this regard,” said Mohammad Amini, an economic expert.

Welcoming the resumption of the railway line between Afghanistan and Uzbekistan, Amini said that both counties are neighbors and both have the potentiality to grow their economies.

The Hairatan-Mazar-e-Sharif railway line is 75 km long and was established in 2010.

Suspension of railway line

On February 1, the government of Uzbekistan suspended transportation to Afghanistan, citing failure on the Afghanistan side on technical issues. Taliban did not fulfill the technical obligations as per an agreement signed between Kabul and Tashkent in late December last year.

After its closure, the Taliban called on the traders to import goods via the Aqina port, arguing that trades must not stop between the two countries.

It is worth mentioning that the Hairatan–Mazar-e-Sharif rail line has remained one of the main transit routes for goods, including food and liquefied gas between the two countries.

The railway that was constructed at the cost of $129m in 2010 by the government of Uzbekistan has now become a key business tool.

In the past several years, Afghanistan has connected with Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Iran through railways, but the Khaf-Herat railway, which connects Afghanistan to Iran, was damaged.

The damage incurred during the return of the Taliban into power in 2021 and most of its equipment was stolen, and currently work on its reconstruction is underway.

Room for cooperation

Beside the neighboring countries, trade relations between Afghanistan and Russia are on an improving path.  Dmitry Zhirnov, Russian Ambassador to Afghanistan had just said there is room for cooperation between Kabul and Moscow. However, he also spoke about difficulties ahead of local Afghan businesses.

In an interview with Rossiya 24 TV Channel, Zhirnov said “There is room for cooperation; the question is what are the priorities of the Afghan side itself, what are the authorities and Afghan business ready to invest in the first place.”

Zhirnov said that cooperation between Russia and Afghanistan must be based on mutual benefits where both the countries should earn profits.

“Our business is still testing those Islamic financial principles that the officials of the de facto government in Afghanistan are introducing,” the ambassador said, quoted by the agency.

Projects between Afghanistan and Russia

The envoy also touched upon a number of agreements and projects which are currently underway between the two countries.

A handful of those projects included construction of a thermal power plant in northern Afghanistan, and construction of the Afghan section of the Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India (TAPI). Russia also wants to participate in the renovations of the Salang tunnel, which is connecting Kabul to the southern parts of Afghanistan.

Russia also hosted the 5th Moscow format meeting on Afghanistan in the early of this week, where representatives from India, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, China, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan were invited to the Meeting. The dignitaries discussed various Afghanistan-related topics, including security and the humanitarian crisis.

 

ASIA

Syria will not follow Afghanistan’s Taliban model of governance

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In an astonishing statement, Ahmed Shará, also known as Abu Mohamad Jolani, the leader of the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) said that he will allow the girls to go to schools and will not turn Syria like Afghanistan under the rule of the Taliban.

Jolani, the de facto ruler of Syria, said that he will distance himself from the Taliban’s strict policies on women’s rights, and said that Syria will not follow the Taliban’s mode of governance.  

Jolani, who brought down the government of Bashar al-Assad and also widely welcomed by the Taliban, said that he believes in the education of women and girls and will not make Syria like Afghanistan.

“Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal. The Afghan model cannot be applied here,” Jolani told a BBC reporter.

Jolani says that Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal.

Jolani’s comment came when the Taliban congratulated the HTS-led victory by Jolani over Assad’s regime after years of fighting. The Afghan Foreign Ministry celebrated Jolani’s victory through a statement and hoped Jolani can bring peace and stability in the country.

“It is hoped that the power transition process is advanced in a manner that lays the foundation of a sovereign and serve-oriented Islamic government in the line with the aspiration of the Syrian people; that unifies the entire population without discrimination and retribution through adoption of a general assembly; and a positive foreign policy with world countries the safeguard Syria from a threat of negative rivalries of foreign actors and creates conditions for the return of millions of refugees,” the statement by Taliban Foreign Ministry.

However, Jolan’s position on the rights of women and girls is in great contrast with the current view of the Taliban leadership. Women and girls have been banned from education and work since the return of the Taliban in August 2021, following the collapse of the Republic System and withdrawal of the US troops from Afghanistan. Girls and women are even banned from medical institutions and visiting public spaces.

Jolani says he has a plan to create a government based institution and a council chosen by the people. 

The situation got worse when the Taliban’s Ministry for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice called women’s voices “immodest” compounding their exclusion from public life. This year, it has been marked as three years since girls were banned from pursuing education over sixth grade. Besides that, on December 20, 2022, the Taliban’s Ministry of Higher Education announced that women would be barred from attending public and private universities.    

In an interview with CNN, Jolani said that he has a plan to create a government based on institutions and a “council chosen by the people.”

“When we talk about objectives, the goal of the revolution remains the overthrow of this regime. It is our right to use all available means to achieve that goal,” said Jolani.

“The seeds of the regime’s defeat have always been within it… the Iranians attempted to revive the regime, buying it time, and later the Russians also tried to prop it up. But the truth remains: this regime is dead.”

Moreover, he also said the Syrian people are the “rightful owners” of the country after the ouster of Assad, and declared a “new history” has been written for the entire Middle East.

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Yoon summoned again for questioning on treason charges

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A joint law enforcement team investigating South Korea’s martial law case announced on Friday that it has issued a second summons to ousted President Yoon Suk Yeol, requesting his presence for questioning next week. The inquiry concerns his alleged involvement in the failed implementation of martial law.

The team has scheduled the questioning for 10:00 a.m. next Wednesday at the Corruption Investigation Office for Senior Officials (CIO) headquarters in Gwacheon, located just south of Seoul. This marks the second summons after Yoon refused to cooperate with the initial notice earlier this week.

The decision to hold the questioning on a public holiday appears to be a strategic move by the CIO, likely aimed at addressing security concerns. The office confirmed that the summonses were delivered via express mail and electronically to both Yoon’s residence and the presidential office in Yongsan. Notably, after Yoon’s team refused to accept the first subpoena, the CIO opted against delivering the documents in person for this round.

The investigation focuses on Yoon’s role in the December 3 martial law declaration, which he revoked following a vote in the National Assembly. If Yoon continues to disregard the summons without valid justification, the CIO may seek a court order to detain him for up to 48 hours.

Yoon faces allegations of sedition and abuse of office, charges that have gained traction since his dismissal by parliament last Saturday. His suspension from office remains in effect pending a decision by the Constitutional Court, which will determine whether he is permanently removed or reinstated.

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Xi Jinping champions economic diversification during Macau visit

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During a three-day visit to Macau commemorating the 25th anniversary of its return to Chinese sovereignty from Portugal, President Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of economic diversification and maintaining the “one country, two systems” framework.

Speaking at the swearing-in ceremony for Macau’s new Chief Executive Officer, Sam Hou-fai, Xi urged the administration to make economic diversification the city’s primary focus. Sam, the fourth leader since the 1999 handover and the first mainland-born Chinese official to hold the position, is expected to align closely with Beijing’s objectives to reduce Macau’s reliance on gambling. The gambling industry, which accounts for approximately 80% of Macau’s tax revenue, has been the cornerstone of its rapid economic growth in recent years.

“Macau should prioritize proper economic diversification,” Xi stated, calling for enhanced policy support and investment in emerging sectors. He also reiterated the significance of the “one country, two systems” principle, stressing its role in ensuring the city’s “prosperity and stability” for the long term.

Xi’s visit included stops at the Macau University of Science and Technology, where he explored laboratories focusing on traditional Chinese medicine and planetary science. He also attended a cultural performance at the Macau Dome and met with local stakeholders, according to Chinese state media. His trip marked a shift in tone, with Anthony Lawrence, founder of Intelligence Macau, noting that it was the first time Xi publicly praised Macau for its progress rather than delivering critiques or instructions.

Since the liberalization of Macau’s gaming monopoly in 2002, the city has attracted significant foreign investment, including from prominent US casino operators such as Las Vegas Sands, MGM, and Wynn Resorts. However, the economy struggled during the COVID-19 pandemic due to travel restrictions, and recovery has only recently begun.

On Friday, Macau’s casinos were bustling with visitors, while non-gaming initiatives like a stamp exhibition co-organized by MGM China and Beijing’s Palace Museum showcased the city’s efforts to diversify its offerings.

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