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Germany’s coalition agreement: Potential ministers in Merz’s cabinet

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In Germany, the conservative bloc CDU/CSU of the future chancellor Friedrich Merz and the Social Democrats (SPD) have signed a coalition agreement, but party leaders have not yet announced who will manage the key ministries in the new government.

However, since the coalition plan specifies which party will take which ministry, there are some indications as to who the main candidates are.

According to the coalition agreement, the CDU will take the foreign affairs and economy ministries, while the SPD will control the finance and defense ministries. The interior ministry will be held by the CDU’s sister party in Bavaria, the Christian Social Union (CSU).

Here is POLITICO’s shortlist of likely candidates for some key ministerial positions in Berlin.

Foreign Office

Johann Wadephul

A senior CDU member of parliament and deputy chairman of the parliamentary group focusing on foreign and defense policy, Wadephul has long-standing ties with Washington and Brussels and is seen as the most likely name for the foreign ministry.

Armin Laschet

The former leader of the CDU and prime minister of the western state of North Rhine-Westphalia has remained active in international forums and is seen as seeking a high-profile, outward-facing role. Laschet’s appointment would represent a political comeback after his party’s historic loss in 2021, when he was the candidate for chancellor.

Jens Spahn

Currently the deputy chairman of the CDU parliamentary group, Spahn is not a foreign policy expert, but his strong US network, especially his ties with Republicans, is seen as an advantage. Spahn attended the Republican National Convention last year and is mentioned as a more unusual option, given Merz’s need to establish connections with the Trump administration.

Defense Ministry

Boris Pistorius

Pistorius, one of Germany’s most popular politicians, is expected to continue his role as defense minister. SPD Chancellor Olaf Scholz appointed Pistorius as defense minister about a year after the start of the war in Ukraine. Pistorius was seen as an unusual choice at the time because he lacked national leadership experience. However, since then, he has gained the respect and admiration of politicians on both sides of the political spectrum at home and many NATO counterparts abroad.

Pistorius, who has a relatively “hawkish” stance on Ukraine and is trying to modernize Germany’s armed forces to make them “fit for war,” has said he wants to continue in office.

Finance Ministry

Lars Klingbeil

Currently the co-chairman of the SPD, Klingbeil is one of the party’s most disciplined communicators and is seen as a key figure guiding the party through the post-Scholz transition. He is also the most likely option for the finance ministry, a powerful office.

Klingbeil played a leading role on behalf of his party during coalition negotiations, and although he does not have the technocratic skills of other candidates for the job, his appointment would give the SPD influence and control over finances at a time when the country is preparing to unlock hundreds of billions of euros in new spending for defense and infrastructure.

Jörg Kukies

A long-time close advisor to Scholz, Kukies took over as interim finance minister after the three-party coalition called the traffic light collapsed in November.

A seasoned technocrat and former Goldman Sachs executive, Kukies has been raising his profile in recent weeks, including a visit to Washington.

Economy Ministry

Carsten Linnemann

CDU’s policy chief and one of Merz’s closest allies, Linnemann is known for shaping the party’s economic agenda in recent years.

An educated economist, Linnemann has built his profile as an advocate of deregulation, fiscal discipline, and supply-side reform, a clear departure from the approach of the Green’s economy minister Robert Habeck, who advocates decarbonization and state-led industrial transformation.

Interior Ministry

Alexander Dobrindt

A former transport minister who has been in politics with the CSU for many years, Dobrindt is known for his harsh rhetoric on immigration and police issues and is a suitable name to implement Merz’s promised immigration crackdown.

Dobrindt’s leadership is thought to bring a “more populist, law-and-order” tone to the ministry.

Europe

EIB to unveil 15 billion euro tech initiative to scale European startups

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The European Investment Bank (EIB) will announce a €15 billion initiative today, in collaboration with EU capitals and private investors, aimed at supporting the growth of European technology companies.

For decades, startups on the continent have struggled to raise the large-scale funding rounds necessary to scale on this side of the Atlantic, frequently turning to US investors or relocating abroad as they expand.

“We are catching up. Now we need to accelerate,” EIB President Nadia Calviño said.

Under the existing European Tech Champions Initiative, the EIB had already pooled resources with six EU governments to establish funds that invest in high-growth companies across the EU.

Calviño described the initiative as “very successful,” noting that it has supported 12 European “unicorn” companies valued at over $1 billion, including the German artificial intelligence translation firm DeepL.

The bank is now expanding the program with a new phase nearly four times the size of the original.

Twenty-five EU governments, alongside private investors such as Santander and Danske Bank, are expected to participate in the program.

This initial €15 billion aims to mobilize up to €80 billion in total investment. Calviño stated that this estimate is based on the multiplier effects achieved under previous programs.

As part of these efforts, the EIB also aims to attract European pension funds, which manage immense pools of capital but have historically allocated fewer resources to technology investments compared to their US counterparts.

In addition to the new funding, Calviño noted that the EIB will create a platform providing a single point of access for existing European scale-up initiatives, including the European Commission’s Scaleup Europe Fund, France’s Tibi initiative, and Germany’s Win initiative.

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Germany to purchase US Tomahawk missiles to build own long-range strike capability

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Germany will purchase Tomahawk cruise missiles from the United States and deploy them on German territory, Chancellor Friedrich Merz announced on Thursday.

The move marks a shift away from planned US deployments and toward Germany establishing its own long-range strike capability.

Merz told lawmakers that he finalized the agreement with the US government during the NATO summit in Ankara, adding that the talks held on Tuesday and Wednesday had exceeded his expectations.

“While we close a critical strategic gap in our defense, we are also working to develop our own European systems and deploy them in Europe,” the Chancellor said.

According to German government sources, Washington committed in a letter of intent signed on Tuesday to approve Germany’s acquisition of Tomahawk missiles and their land-based Typhon launchers in August.

The number of missiles and launchers Germany plans to purchase was not disclosed because the information is classified.

The planned acquisition appears aligned with US President Donald Trump’s pressure on European allies to cover their own security costs, such as by purchasing US weapons.

The fate of the Tomahawk procurement had become uncertain after Trump announced in May that he would reduce the US military presence in Germany.

That development was seen as a cancellation of a plan made under the previous administration to deploy a US battalion equipped with long-range Tomahawk missiles to Germany.

That original plan was designed as a temporary solution to serve as a strong deterrent against Russia while Europeans developed their own versions of such weapons.

Germany produces its own cruise missile, the Taurus, but its range of approximately 311 miles is three to five times shorter than that of the Tomahawk missiles.

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Apple loses EU court appeal over Digital Markets Act gatekeeper designation

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The General Court of the European Union has rejected Apple’s challenges against its “gatekeeper” status designated under the Digital Markets Act (DMA).

With this ruling, the company’s designated status for the App Store and iOS remains valid, while its applications regarding iMessage were also rejected.

Apple had argued that the five separate App Stores it operates for the iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, Mac, and Apple TV should be evaluated as distinct, individual services.

The court rejected this argument, ruling that these stores serve a common purpose of connecting developers and users, regardless of the specific device.

The court also dismissed Apple’s defense that the DMA’s interoperability obligations violate its fundamental rights.

However, it did not conduct a substantive assessment on the legality of this obligation, stating that a direct legal link could not be established between the regulation in question and the determination of “gatekeeper” status.

Following the ruling, Apple argued that the obligations under the DMA “exceed the boundaries of legality and proportionality.” The company asserted that the new rules jeopardize the work it has carried out for years to ensure user privacy and security.

Apple retains the right to appeal the decision, though a company spokesperson did not comment on whether there are plans to do so.

Apple previously declared that DMA rules prevented the launch of the updated version of Siri in Europe, resulting in European users being unable to benefit from the service.

In force in the European Union since 2024, the DMA covers a total of 22 services and products belonging to Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, ByteDance, Meta Platforms, and Microsoft.

The regulation obliges these companies to share certain data with competitors, provide access to user-generated data, and offer verification tools to advertising partners.

Additionally, it prohibits platforms from engaging in anti-competitive practices that favor their own products. Companies failing to comply with the rules face fines of up to 10% of their global turnover, which can rise to 20% in cases of repeated violations.

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