DIPLOMACY
Pakistan hosts a major security meeting tomorrow; Taliban not invited

Pakistan is going to host a major security meeting tomorrow (Tuesday) with senior leaders from the regional countries, including China, Russia and India among them.
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) was established in 2001 by China and Russia in order to discuss security concerns in Central Asian states and the wider region. At the height of political tensions, Pakistan will host the SCO meeting in the capital city, Islamabad, and it will be held under strict security measures, and Pakistan has declared a public holiday for three days.
The Taliban, the current ruler of Afghanistan, have not been officially invited to this meeting. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Pakistan has announced that seven Prime Ministers, one Vice President and the Foreign Minister of India will participate in this meeting.
This is the first major regional meeting that Pakistan is hosting after many years in the wake of Pashtoon justice jirga which has been held in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province with participation of thousands of people from different segments of the country. Meanwhile, protests by the supporters of the former Pakistan Prime Minister Imran Khan’s have also made the political atmosphere of this country tense.
At the same time, the presence of terrorist groups in Afghanistan has always been a serious concern of the members of this SCO, and the presence of terrorist groups and drug smuggling from Afghanistan were also a great concern among the members at the Shanghai Summit in Kazakhstan.
However, Pakistan is hosting the 23rd meeting of the Council of Heads of Government of the SCO, which is the second highest meeting of this organization. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Pakistan has announced that the prime ministers of China, Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, along with the first vice president of Iran and the foreign minister of India, will attend the meeting.
Afghanistan’s membership in SCO is not clear since September 2021 when Taliban return to power.
Also, the Prime Minister of Mongolia as an observer member and Deputy Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers and the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Turkmenistan will participate in the meeting as special guests.
In 2005, the contact group of the Shanghai-Afghanistan Cooperation Organization was established, and since then efforts have increased for Afghanistan to be a permanent member of this organization.
However, after the collapse of the republic system and the return of the Taliban to Afghanistan, the status of Afghanistan’s membership in this organization is not clear, and the Taliban also not invited in this meeting.
Express Tribune, a Pakistani media outlet, has reported, quoting its diplomatic sources, that the Taliban were not invited to the Summit.
According to the Tribune, the secretariat of this meeting has not issued any invitation to the Taliban. The absence of the Taliban in this meeting has been confirmed after the secretariat of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization did not send an invitation to the Taliban.
This decision has been taken due to the current situation in Afghanistan and the non-recognition of the Taliban by any country, as well as the inactive status of Afghanistan’s permanent membership in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.
The report also said that Afghanistan’s membership in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has been inactive since September 2021.
Members of SCO expressed concern over presence of IS and al-Qaeda terrorists in Afghanistan.
Moreover, the heads of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization expressed their concerns about the activities of Islamic State (IS), also known as Daesh, al-Qaeda and other terrorist groups in Afghanistan on July three of this year in Kazakhstan. Some of these countries have said that opium and heroin are smuggled from Afghanistan to their soil.
Meanwhile, the Pakistan media reported that the security institutions have tightened security, and they are ready to maintain security of the summit.
Pakistani media also reported about the non-participation of the Indian Prime Minister in this meeting. It is said that India and Pakistan participate in the meeting of the Council of Heads of State at the level of foreign ministers, because the prime ministers of these countries participate in the meeting of the heads of state, which is the highest forum of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.
Shahbaz Sharif, the Prime Minister of Pakistan, will preside over this meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and on the sidelines of the meeting, he will discuss with the delegations of countries about regional issues and strengthening Pakistan’s economic relations with the members of SCO.
According to the statement of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Pakistan, this meeting will be about ongoing cooperation in the fields of economy, trade, environment and socio-cultural ties and will review the performance of this organization in the mentioned fields.
This important regional meeting will be held in Pakistan while this country is at the height of political tensions and ethnic differences. The supporters of Imran Khan, the former Prime Minister of Pakistan, gathered in the streets of Islamabad last week and demanded Mr. Khan’s release from prison. They warned with anti-government slogans that if the former prime minister is not released, they will come to the streets again.
Pakistan hosting SCO at a time when political stability is fragile in the country.
On the other hand, the Pashtun Tahaffuz Movement has held a “Pashtoon Jirga” in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Thousands of people, including Pashtun political leaders from different political currents, have participated in this Jirga.
This Jirga has faced widespread reactions among the citizens and politicians of Afghanistan. A number of non-Pashtun activists considered this Jirga ethnic and considered it the cause of hypocrisy among the citizens of the country, while another group supported the claim of this movement and described it as an action to ensure justice at the regional level.
At the same time, a number of politicians have said that neither exaggerated descriptions nor prejudiced reactions are the solution, and it remains to be seen what the outcome of this Jirga will be in light of the rapid developments taking place in the region.
SCO is a political, economic and security alliance working for betterment of the region
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization is a political, economic and security alliance in Eurasia that was established in 2001 by China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. The organization has since expanded to include India, Pakistan and Iran as full members, while Afghanistan, Belarus and Mongolia are recognized as observers and other countries as dialogue partners. The SCO is often seen as a counterbalance to Western alliances such as NATO and plays an important role in strengthening regional cooperation.
The highest decision-making body of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is the Council of Heads of State (CHS). This council meets once a year and deals with important issues of the organization.
The Council of Heads of Government (Prime Ministers) (CHG) is also held once a year to review the strategy of multilateral cooperation and priorities within the organization, determine fundamental issues and current issues in the economic and other fields, and approve the budget of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.
The organization has two permanent bodies: the Secretariat in Beijing and the Executive Committee of the Regional Anti-Terrorism Structure (RATS) in Tashkent.
Afghanistan had joined the Shanghai Cooperation Organization as an observer member on June 7, 2012.
DIPLOMACY
Hungary withdraws from ICC following Netanyahu visit

Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban’s chief of staff, Gergely Gulyas, told the state news agency MTI on Thursday that the Hungarian government had decided to withdraw from the International Criminal Court (ICC).
The Orban government announced this decision shortly after Israeli leader Benjamin Netanyahu, for whom the ICC had issued an arrest warrant, arrived in Hungary for an official visit.
Netanyahu began his four-day trip to Hungary today. Hungarian Defense Minister Kristof Szalay-Bobrovniczky shared photos of the pair’s meeting at the airport on his Facebook account, saying, “Welcome to Budapest, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu!”
Hungarian Prime Minister Orban was among the first to condemn the ICC’s announcement that it had “reasonable grounds” to believe Netanyahu bore criminal responsibility for war crimes, including “starvation as a method of warfare.”
Calling it “outrageous, cynical, and utterly unacceptable,” Orbán added that his friend’s freedom would be guaranteed during his visit.
DIPLOMACY
US harms its own reputation with trade wars, Wang Yi says

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi began a three-day official visit to Russia on Monday to meet with senior Russian officials, including his Russian counterpart Sergei Lavrov and President Vladimir Putin.
Wang assessed the current state of world affairs in an exclusive and comprehensive interview with Sputnik.
Commenting on current efforts to reach a peace agreement in Ukraine, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi told Sputnik, “China is ready to play a constructive role in the settlement together with the international community, especially with the countries of the Global South.”
Wang added, “We advocate for the elimination of the causes of the crisis through dialogue and negotiations, and ultimately for reaching a fair, long-term, binding peace agreement acceptable to all parties. This agreement will make it possible to ensure truly lasting peace and stability in Eurasia and throughout the world.”
Wang stated that China has advocated for a political settlement in Ukraine “from the first day” of the crisis, emphasizing that his country’s stance “coincides with the expectations of the majority of countries in the world community.”
Referring to President Trump’s peace initiative, Wang noted that Russia and President Putin have always been open to dialogue, saying that even small steps towards peace are “constructive” and “worth taking.”
“Peace cannot be achieved by lying down. You have to work and achieve it through hard work,” the minister stated.
Touching upon President Trump’s current efforts to reset relations with Moscow, Wang said that steps towards normalization in Russia-US relations are “good for stabilizing the balance of power between the major powers and instill optimism in the troubled international environment.”
Wang assessed, “The modern world faces a growing deficit of certainty. In these conditions, major countries must fulfill their obligations, acting as stabilizing factors in an unpredictable world.”
Furthermore, Wang stated, “Russia and the United States, as leading world powers and permanent members of the UN Security Council, bear a significant share of responsibility for peace and tranquility on the planet, especially when it comes to global strategic stability.”
Commenting on trade wars during a potential new Trump term, the Chinese Foreign Minister said, “Instead of solving its own problems, Washington tries in every possible way to evade responsibility and shift the blame onto others, resorting to customs tariffs, even blackmail and ultimatums.”
“The US itself is sick, but forces others to take medicine,” Wang said, stressing that Trump’s trade wars “will cause serious damage not only to the global market and trade order but also to the reputation of the US itself.”
The minister added, “‘America First’ cannot be achieved through American bullying, especially by harming the interests of other countries.”
Highlighting that Trump’s use of the fentanyl issue as a pretext to justify doubling tariffs “has no basis whatsoever,” Wang said: “Fentanyl abuse is a problem that Americans themselves must solve. China pursues a tough and comprehensive anti-drug policy, unlike any other country in the world. Yet, guided by the principles of humanism, we have helped the US in every possible way. How did they respond? Not with kindness, but with evil and the groundless tightening of customs tariffs.”
Commenting on the nuclear issue and the Trump administration’s recent talks on arsenal reduction, Wang said the US is the central actor in global strategic insecurity and should reduce the weight of nuclear weapons in its national security strategy and take other steps to reduce risks.
Wang added that US policies of “nuclear sharing” and “extended nuclear deterrence,” efforts to build a global missile defense system, and the deployment of US land-based medium-range missiles and other strategic weapons near the borders of other countries “undermine” global strategic security.
“We call on Washington to make serious efforts to reduce the risks of nuclear war and achieve the goal of ridding the planet of nuclear weapons,” Wang urged.
The Chinese Foreign Minister highlighted three characteristic features of the special relationship between the Eurasian neighbors:
— “Eternal friends, never enemies” (the basic principle of the 2001 Russia-China Treaty on Good Neighbourliness, Friendship and Cooperation).
— “Equality and mutually beneficial cooperation”.
— “Non-alignment, non-conflict and non-orientation towards third parties”.
Furthermore, Wang commented, “China-Russia relations do not pose any threat to others, nor are they subject to external interference. These relations are not only a modern example of a new type of relationship between major powers but also an important stabilizing factor in a turbulent world.”
Additionally, commenting on the 80th anniversary of the end of hostilities this year, Wang said that China and Russia, which “served as the main battlefronts in Asia and Europe in the brutal battle between good and evil” during World War II, were “the main forces in the joint struggle against fascism and militarism.”
Wang added that the two countries must “protect the historical truth about the countless victims of the war and oppose any attempts and actions to deny, distort, or falsify its history.”
DIPLOMACY
Meta fined significantly in Türkiye for defying content removal orders

A spokesperson told Politico that Facebook’s parent company, Meta, has been fined a “significant amount” for failing to comply with Turkish authorities’ orders to restrict content.
Politico reports, “The Turkish government is ordering the suspension of social media accounts sharing information about widespread protests following the arrest of Istanbul [Metropolitan] Mayor Ekrem Imamoglu, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s main political rival.”
“We pushed back on the Turkish government’s requests to restrict content that clearly served the public interest, and as a result, we were fined by them,” the spokesperson stated, declining to reveal the specific amount of the fine.
The spokesperson added, “The government’s demands to restrict online speech, alongside threats to shut down online services, are serious and have a chilling effect on people’s ability to express themselves.”
According to Meta’s transparency report, in 2024, the company received 5,677 content removal requests from Turkish authorities, with 4,199 originating from the BTK (Information and Communication Technologies Authority). The report indicated that Meta complied with 40% of these requests.
Conversely, Elon Musk’s company X, which largely adhered to the orders and suspended numerous accounts after the protests began, stated it was “fighting the Turkish government’s orders to protect freedom of expression.” This included appealing to the Turkish Constitutional Court regarding an order to block 126 accounts.
However, a document reviewed by Politico indicates that this particular order predates the recent wave of protests by several weeks.
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