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Trump’s first presidential orders: WHO, Cuba, TikTok, and more

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US President Donald Trump entered his first day in office with an unprecedented show of executive power.

From ending birthright citizenship to forcing federal employees to return to the office, granting TikTok a reprieve, and reinstating Cuba on the list of “state sponsors of terrorism,” the new president signed several executive orders.

Trump once again signed an order withdrawing the US from the Paris Climate Agreement and pardoned or commuted the sentences of more than 1,500 individuals involved in the 6 January 2021 Congressional raid, including those convicted of assault on law enforcement officers and seditious conspiracy.

He spent 45 minutes in the Oval Office answering reporters’ questions while signing an order overhauling the federal government’s treatment of immigrants and a series of orders withdrawing the country from the World Health Organization (WHO).

Reflecting on his return to the Oval Office, Trump said, “What a great feeling. It is one of the best feelings I have ever experienced.”

Combating immigration and border security take center stage

Trump signed several executive orders on immigration, a cornerstone of his agenda. He moved to end birthright citizenship, a policy that would exclude children of undocumented immigrants from citizenship under the 14th Amendment.

Immigration groups and civil rights organizations concluded their legal challenge on Monday night, setting the stage for one of Trump’s first major judicial battles.

Trump also expanded immigration enforcement, declared a national emergency on the southern border, ended “catch and release” policies that allow immigrants to be paroled while awaiting court hearings, resumed construction of the border wall, and revived the “Remain in Mexico” policy, which requires asylum seekers to wait in Mexico for their cases to be processed.

Additionally, the president issued an order to “clarify the role of the military in protecting the territorial integrity of the United States.”

Trump directed relevant agencies to recommend suspending entry from countries deemed unsafe and halted refugee resettlement for at least four months. He further restricted asylum rights, designated several drug cartels as foreign terrorist organizations, and instructed the attorney general to seek the death penalty for murders of law enforcement officers and capital crimes committed by undocumented immigrants.

The war against DEI and transgender programs

Another executive order targeted Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) programs in hiring practices and community initiatives across the government.

Trump also signed a broad order rolling back programs recognizing transgender and non-binary individuals. The administration sought to lift restrictions on “conversion therapy,” a controversial practice aimed at persuading young transgender people to reject their identity.

‘Maximum pressure’ on Latin America and Cuba begins

The Trump administration quickly reinstated Cuba on the US government’s list of “state sponsors of terrorism,” reversing President Joe Biden’s decision to delay the move at the end of his term.

Trump had promised to cancel the Biden administration’s olive branch to Cuba, which was part of an agreement to release political prisoners on the island. This move signals a continuation of his first-term hostility toward Cuba.

New Secretary of State Marco Rubio confirmed during his hearing that the administration planned to reverse Cuba’s removal from the terrorism list and reinstate other restrictions.

The White House also renewed the list of “restricted entities” created during Trump’s first term. These Cuban entities, many affiliated with the government, are barred from certain financial transactions under US law.

Cuban President Miguel Díaz-Canel responded on Facebook, calling the moves “arrogance and disregard for reality.” Cuban Foreign Minister Bruno Rodríguez Parrilla added, “It will hurt, but it will not suppress the firm determination of our people.”

Notably, the Trump administration did not reverse Biden’s decision to suspend Title III of the Helms-Burton Act, which allows Cuban exiles to sue Havana for confiscated property but has been used primarily by multinational corporations.

When asked about relations with Latin America and Brazil, Trump replied, “They should be great.” He added, “They need us much more than we need them. We don’t need them. They need us. Everyone needs us.”

Symbolic ‘American nationalism’ orders

Many of Trump’s actions appeared aimed at appealing to his base, including two announced on social media by his press secretary: renaming the Gulf of Mexico the “Gulf of America” and restoring the name Mount McKinley to Alaska’s highest peak, which former President Barack Obama had renamed Denali in 2015 to honor Alaska’s indigenous groups.

It remains unclear which of Trump’s sweeping executive orders will have immediate impact, which are purely symbolic, and whether they will limit the influence of Congress or the courts.

As of 9:00 PM US time, Trump had signed dozens of executive orders. However, some fell short of the “thunderous days” promised by his allies ahead of Inauguration Day.

So far, ‘the mountain gave birth to a mouse’ on tariffs

Despite recent promises to impose tariffs of up to 100% on imports, Trump issued an order that did not impose new tariffs but directed federal agencies to investigate trade deficits and unfair trade practices.

The order includes China, Canada, and Mexico but does not impose blanket tariffs or target specific trading partners, as many had feared. This contradicts Trump’s November promise to impose 25% tariffs on Mexico and Canada to curb illegal immigration and fentanyl trafficking.

The decision may disappoint supporters of Trump’s “hawkish” tariff policy, which included a 10-20% tariff on all imports, a 60% or higher tariff on Chinese goods, and replacing income tax with tariffs.

Earlier on Monday, Trump pledged in the Capitol Rotunda to “defeat record inflation and rapidly reduce costs and prices” but did not elaborate on how, beyond rolling back environmental regulations and increasing fossil fuel extraction.

Trump also promised to “take back” the Panama Canal, which the Panamanian government says is impossible under international law.

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Judge orders Trump administration to preserve Signal chats about Yemen operation

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A federal judge ordered the Trump administration to preserve chats conducted by senior officials via the Signal messaging app, including messages mistakenly shared with a reporter earlier this month concerning an imminent military operation in Yemen.

US District Judge James Boasberg issued the ruling on Thursday at the request of a transparency group that sued, alleging the app’s auto-delete function risked destroying the messages in violation of the Federal Records Act.

During a brief afternoon hearing, Justice Department lawyer Amber Richer told Boasberg such an order was unnecessary because the relevant agencies were already taking steps to preserve the records. However, she did not object to the judge reinforcing this with a court order.

“We are still in the process of working with the agencies to determine what records they have, but we are also working with the agencies to preserve the records they do possess,” Richer said.

However, the government lawyer appeared to acknowledge a court filing made earlier in the day by a Treasury Department official, which suggested that Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent currently possesses only a portion of the message chain related to the Yemen strike.

The journalist added to the message chain, The Atlantic editor Jeffrey Goldberg, reported that the chat began on March 11. Yet, Bessent only has messages starting from the afternoon of March 15. It remains unclear why Bessent failed to preserve the earlier messages or whether other senior officials in the chat retained them.

Richer stated to Boasberg, “I want to note that we are still determining what records the agencies possess.”

The Atlantic published parts of the messages earlier this week and the remainder on Wednesday after the White House stated it did not consider the exchanges classified, even though they described the scope and timeline of a military operation that had not yet occurred.

According to The Atlantic‘s report, national security adviser Mike Waltz, who initiated the exchange, had initially set the messages to auto-delete after one week but later changed the duration to four weeks.

Speaking from the bench, Boasberg ordered the defendants in the case—Secretary of State Marco Rubio, Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent, Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth, Director of National Intelligence Tulsi Gabbard, and CIA Director John Ratcliffe—”to preserve all Signal communications between March 11 and March 15.”

This directive appears broader than just the messages shared with Goldberg; it could encompass other Signal messages sent or received by the officials during that period.

A Pentagon lawyer also submitted a written declaration stating the Defense Department was attempting to preserve these records as well but did not claim any records had been recovered. The administration suggested that The Atlantic‘s publication of the entire exchange, except for the redaction of a CIA officer’s name, ensured the messages’ preservation.

At the start of the hearing, Boasberg also responded to a social media post by President Donald Trump suggesting the judge had improperly gained control of the politically sensitive case.

Trump had called it “shameful” that the judge, an appointee of former President Barack Obama, was handling multiple legal cases involving the White House in recent weeks. In addition to the Signal case, Boasberg is presiding over a case involving Trump’s efforts to rapidly deport people using the Alien Enemies Act.

Boasberg addressed the matter, stating he “understood some questions had been raised” about how the court assigns cases. He explained that for the 15 active judges serving on the court, cases are randomly assigned across various categories in nearly all instances “to ensure a more even distribution of cases.”

Clerks use an electronic deck of cards within each category to determine which judge receives a newly filed case.

“That is how it works, and that is how all cases continue to be assigned in this court,” said Boasberg, who has served as the court’s chief judge since 2023.

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US revokes visa of Turkish PhD student Rumeysa Ozturk

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Turkish student Rumeysa Ozturk, pursuing a doctorate at Tufts University in Boston, Massachusetts, US, was detained on March 25.

Speaking about the incident, which gained attention in the US, Senator Marco Rubio confirmed that Ozturk’s visa had been canceled.

Rubio stated, “We gave you a visa to get an education; not to be a social activist who destroys our campuses. If you use your visa to do that, we will take your visa back. I encourage every country to do the same.”

The US Senator continued, “If you lie to get a visa, and then engage in this type of behavior after arriving here, we will cancel your visa. And when your visa is canceled, you are no longer legally in the US. Like any country, we have the right to deport you. It’s that simple.”

The Senator also announced that the visas of approximately 300 students had been similarly canceled.

Rubio asked, “It would be madness, even stupidity, for a country to let in people who say, ‘I’m going to go to your universities and start riots, occupy libraries, harass people.’ I don’t care what movement you are part of. Why should we accept that?”

Rubio said that individuals could carry out such actions “in their own countries, but not in the US.”

Last year, mass student protests occurred at many universities across the US to protest the administration’s support for Israel’s military operations in Gaza.

It is alleged that Ozturk, whose student visa was canceled, participated in “pro-Hamas” movements.

Rumeysa Ozturk’s lawyer, Mahsa Khanbabai, noted in a written statement to BBC Turkce that she was first able to speak with the young woman on the evening of March 27.

Referring to the moments of her client’s detention, the lawyer stated, “Nothing in this video indicates they were law enforcement officers or which agency they were from. This situation should deeply concern everyone.”

Khanbabai emphasized that Ozturk is a successful doctoral student at Tufts University on a Fulbright scholarship and stressed that the allegations of her being a Hamas supporter were “baseless.”

Video footage of Ozturk’s detention showed the doctoral student being surrounded by plainclothes officials on the street while heading to iftar.

The officials subsequently handcuffed Ozturk behind her back and led her to a vehicle.

In a written statement shared with BBC Turkce, Tufts University said, “We are in contact with the authorities. We hope Rumeysa will be given the opportunity to clear her name using her legal rights.”

Minister of Justice Yilmaz Tunc declared in his statement that he strongly condemned the detention, arguing the incident was “proof that there is no freedom of thought in so-called democratic countries and that human rights are not respected.”

CHP leader Ozgur Ozel also condemned the detention, stating in his post that “hundreds of students in Turkey arrested groundlessly and unscrupulously are experiencing the same victimization.”

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Trump announces 25% tariff on imported cars and parts

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US President Donald Trump announced that a 25% customs tariff will be applied to cars imported into the US.

Effective from April 2, the taxes also include car parts not produced in the US.

The President stated that the tariffs will be “permanent,” adding that there is nothing that would necessitate the removal of the import taxes.

Trump told reporters, “We will apply a 25% customs duty, but if you produce your car in the US, there is no customs duty. This means that many foreign car companies will be in a very good position because they have already established their facilities in the US.”

In a fact sheet released after Trump’s remarks in the Oval Office, the White House stated that car parts compliant with the US-Mexico-Canada (USMCA) trade agreement would remain exempt from customs duties “until Customs and Border Protection establishes a process to apply customs duties to their content outside the US.”

The US International Trade Commission examined in early 2024 the potential consequences if the government implemented comprehensive automotive tariffs. According to the report, a 25% customs duty applied to all US car imports would reduce imports by approximately 74% and increase average car prices by 5%.

Although President Trump’s increase in customs duties on imported vehicles will primarily affect foreign automakers, domestic automakers General Motors and Ford will also face a significant impact.

According to research by Wards Automotive and Barclays, Volvo (13%), Mazda (19%), and Volkswagen (21%) produce the lowest share of their vehicles sold in the US within the country.

Hyundai-Kia (33%), Mercedes (43%), BMW (48%), and Toyota (48%) also produce less than half of the vehicles they sell in the US domestically.

According to the Department of Transportation, examples of significant 2025 models imported into the US include the Ford Maverick pickup, Chevrolet Blazer crossover, Hyundai Venue crossover, Nissan Sentra compact car, Porsche 911 sports car, and Toyota Prius hybrid.

Approximately 45% of vehicles sold in the US are imported, with the largest share originating from Mexico and Canada.

According to data from the American Automobile Labeling Act, every 2025 model year vehicle sources at least 20% of its content from countries outside the US and Canada.

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