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Cross border aggression: Souring tensions between Afghanistan and Pakistan

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At least eight people, all of them civilians, including three children and five women, lost their lives in Pakistani airstrikes in two bordering provinces of Afghanistan on March 18.  Pakistan Air Force jets bombed residential areas in the Lamana area in Spera district in Khost and the Barmal district of Paktika around 03:00 am local time and the airstrikes come two days after a terror attack by the Pakistani Taliban claimed the lives of seven Pakistani soldiers in Waziristan.

The caretaker government of the Taliban has strongly condemned Pakistani airstrikes and vowed to respond and avenge the killing of innocent Afghans.

According to the Taliban statement, six civilians were killed in Paktika and two more in Khost province and considered the attack as a clear violation of Afghanistan’s sovereignty and an invasion of the country’s territory.

“Pakistan should stop blaming Afghanistan for its inability to manage security incidents within its borders,” the statement reads and re-emphasized that they will not let Afghanistan soil to be used against any other countries.

The latest escalation is likely to further increase tension between the two neighboring countries, Afghanistan and Pakistan.

Pakistan claimed it has targeted TTP commander

Pakistani media has reported that the airstrike was aimed to target members of the Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) in Khost and Paktika provinces. However, it is not clear how deep inside Afghanistan the Pakistani jets flew and it’s the second airstrike since 2022 when Pakistan targeted militant hideouts in Afghanistan but the Pakistani military has never officially confirmed those attacks.

This also comes days after seven Pakistani military personnel, including two officers were killed after suicide bombers targeted their security post following exchange of heavy fire in the northwestern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province.

Pakistan and Afghan security forces exchanged heavy fire on Monday morning following the launch of Pakistan Air Force cross-border aerial strikes in Afghanistan.

The incident took place early Saturday morning, and just within some hours, a group of six militants attacked a security post in the Mir Ali area of North Waziristan tribal district. The attack has been foiled by the Pakistani security forces, the Pakistan’s media wing said in a statement.

The statement furthered; “The terrorists rammed an explosive-laden vehicle into the post, followed by multiple suicide bombing attacks, which led to the collapse of a portion of a building, resulting in “martyrdom” of five soldiers.”

During the intensive exchange of fire between force and militants, two army officers, Lieutenant Colonel Syed Kashif Ali and Captain Muhammad Ahmed Badar, were killed, the statement added.

TTP commander Abdullah Shah is alive and he is Pakistan

However, the Pakistani army had claimed that they had targeted TTP commander Abdullah Shah in Afghanistan with the airstrikes. However, this has been turned wrong.

Soon after Pakistan, Shah, the commander of TTP, released a video refuting the claim and said that he is alive and currently living in Waziristan of Pakistan.

“It is all propaganda. Today is the 18th of March and I am right now in Nort Waziristan and alive. We have not moved anywhere from here and we are here in Waziristan since the beginning,” Shah said in the video clip.

Taliban denies charge sheltering TTP

Pakistan has time and again accused Afghanistan for failing to prevent militants from TTP from carrying out attacks in Pakistan. Pakistan also asked the Afghan government to stop sheltering the TTP leaders, an accusation that the Afghan government rejected in the strongest terms. The Afghan government under the Taliban leader has always denied sheltering the TTP and reaffirmed its commitment not to allow its soil to be used against any country in the regional countries.

Afghan Defense Ministry Mujahid has appeared in a military uniform for the first time after Pakistani airstrikes.

The Taliban acting defense minister, Mullah Yaqoob Mujahid had instructed the Afghan security forces to respond to the Pakistani airstrike through rockets.

Afghan forces targeted areas within Pakistan’s jurisdiction in KP

Under his directive, the Afghan forces had initiated artillery barrages from the Dand-e-Patan district of Paktia proivnce and targeted areas within Pakistan’s jurisdiction in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). Videos from the site have been circulating on social media, showing Afghan forces using the BM-21, a self-propelled 122 mm multiple rocket launcher in the ongoing exchange of fire.

Afghan defense minister in military uniform for the first time

Defense Ministry has published a picture of Mujahid, who appeared in a military uniform for the first time after Pakistani airstrikes, and the ministry in a statement in X said that in response to this aggression, the border forces of the National Army of Afghanistan targeted Pakistan’s military center along the Durand Line with heavy weapons.

“The Afghan security forces are committed to protect their land under all circumstances and claim that they have destroyed two security posts of the Pakistani army. Afghan foreign ministry also summoned Pakistani ambassador to Kabul and handed over its protest letter and strongly condemned Pakistani airstrikes in  Khost and Paktiak provinces.

But now the situation has become normal and the Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid said that the situation in the bordering area is calm and the fighting has stopped.

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Syria will not follow Afghanistan’s Taliban model of governance

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In an astonishing statement, Ahmed Shará, also known as Abu Mohamad Jolani, the leader of the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) said that he will allow the girls to go to schools and will not turn Syria like Afghanistan under the rule of the Taliban.

Jolani, the de facto ruler of Syria, said that he will distance himself from the Taliban’s strict policies on women’s rights, and said that Syria will not follow the Taliban’s mode of governance.  

Jolani, who brought down the government of Bashar al-Assad and also widely welcomed by the Taliban, said that he believes in the education of women and girls and will not make Syria like Afghanistan.

“Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal. The Afghan model cannot be applied here,” Jolani told a BBC reporter.

Jolani says that Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal.

Jolani’s comment came when the Taliban congratulated the HTS-led victory by Jolani over Assad’s regime after years of fighting. The Afghan Foreign Ministry celebrated Jolani’s victory through a statement and hoped Jolani can bring peace and stability in the country.

“It is hoped that the power transition process is advanced in a manner that lays the foundation of a sovereign and serve-oriented Islamic government in the line with the aspiration of the Syrian people; that unifies the entire population without discrimination and retribution through adoption of a general assembly; and a positive foreign policy with world countries the safeguard Syria from a threat of negative rivalries of foreign actors and creates conditions for the return of millions of refugees,” the statement by Taliban Foreign Ministry.

However, Jolan’s position on the rights of women and girls is in great contrast with the current view of the Taliban leadership. Women and girls have been banned from education and work since the return of the Taliban in August 2021, following the collapse of the Republic System and withdrawal of the US troops from Afghanistan. Girls and women are even banned from medical institutions and visiting public spaces.

Jolani says he has a plan to create a government based institution and a council chosen by the people. 

The situation got worse when the Taliban’s Ministry for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice called women’s voices “immodest” compounding their exclusion from public life. This year, it has been marked as three years since girls were banned from pursuing education over sixth grade. Besides that, on December 20, 2022, the Taliban’s Ministry of Higher Education announced that women would be barred from attending public and private universities.    

In an interview with CNN, Jolani said that he has a plan to create a government based on institutions and a “council chosen by the people.”

“When we talk about objectives, the goal of the revolution remains the overthrow of this regime. It is our right to use all available means to achieve that goal,” said Jolani.

“The seeds of the regime’s defeat have always been within it… the Iranians attempted to revive the regime, buying it time, and later the Russians also tried to prop it up. But the truth remains: this regime is dead.”

Moreover, he also said the Syrian people are the “rightful owners” of the country after the ouster of Assad, and declared a “new history” has been written for the entire Middle East.

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Yoon summoned again for questioning on treason charges

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A joint law enforcement team investigating South Korea’s martial law case announced on Friday that it has issued a second summons to ousted President Yoon Suk Yeol, requesting his presence for questioning next week. The inquiry concerns his alleged involvement in the failed implementation of martial law.

The team has scheduled the questioning for 10:00 a.m. next Wednesday at the Corruption Investigation Office for Senior Officials (CIO) headquarters in Gwacheon, located just south of Seoul. This marks the second summons after Yoon refused to cooperate with the initial notice earlier this week.

The decision to hold the questioning on a public holiday appears to be a strategic move by the CIO, likely aimed at addressing security concerns. The office confirmed that the summonses were delivered via express mail and electronically to both Yoon’s residence and the presidential office in Yongsan. Notably, after Yoon’s team refused to accept the first subpoena, the CIO opted against delivering the documents in person for this round.

The investigation focuses on Yoon’s role in the December 3 martial law declaration, which he revoked following a vote in the National Assembly. If Yoon continues to disregard the summons without valid justification, the CIO may seek a court order to detain him for up to 48 hours.

Yoon faces allegations of sedition and abuse of office, charges that have gained traction since his dismissal by parliament last Saturday. His suspension from office remains in effect pending a decision by the Constitutional Court, which will determine whether he is permanently removed or reinstated.

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Xi Jinping champions economic diversification during Macau visit

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During a three-day visit to Macau commemorating the 25th anniversary of its return to Chinese sovereignty from Portugal, President Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of economic diversification and maintaining the “one country, two systems” framework.

Speaking at the swearing-in ceremony for Macau’s new Chief Executive Officer, Sam Hou-fai, Xi urged the administration to make economic diversification the city’s primary focus. Sam, the fourth leader since the 1999 handover and the first mainland-born Chinese official to hold the position, is expected to align closely with Beijing’s objectives to reduce Macau’s reliance on gambling. The gambling industry, which accounts for approximately 80% of Macau’s tax revenue, has been the cornerstone of its rapid economic growth in recent years.

“Macau should prioritize proper economic diversification,” Xi stated, calling for enhanced policy support and investment in emerging sectors. He also reiterated the significance of the “one country, two systems” principle, stressing its role in ensuring the city’s “prosperity and stability” for the long term.

Xi’s visit included stops at the Macau University of Science and Technology, where he explored laboratories focusing on traditional Chinese medicine and planetary science. He also attended a cultural performance at the Macau Dome and met with local stakeholders, according to Chinese state media. His trip marked a shift in tone, with Anthony Lawrence, founder of Intelligence Macau, noting that it was the first time Xi publicly praised Macau for its progress rather than delivering critiques or instructions.

Since the liberalization of Macau’s gaming monopoly in 2002, the city has attracted significant foreign investment, including from prominent US casino operators such as Las Vegas Sands, MGM, and Wynn Resorts. However, the economy struggled during the COVID-19 pandemic due to travel restrictions, and recovery has only recently begun.

On Friday, Macau’s casinos were bustling with visitors, while non-gaming initiatives like a stamp exhibition co-organized by MGM China and Beijing’s Palace Museum showcased the city’s efforts to diversify its offerings.

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