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Pakistan and Iran keen to help resolve Afghanistan challenges

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The two important neighbors of Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iran have expressed readiness to help resolve the current challenges in Afghanistan and called for a regional initiative to reach the goal.

Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amir Abdollahian in a meeting with Asif Ali Khan Durrani, the special representative of Pakistan for Afghanistan affairs, underlined the need to support regional initiatives aimed at settling problems in their neighbor based on the framework of neighborliness.

Indeed, there is no doubt that Iran and Pakistan can help Afghanistan a lot. Abdollahian had put light on the influential role of Iran and Pakistan in developments not only in Afghanistan but in the entire region. The countries have also agreed for more discussions and consultation between Tehran and Islamabad as well to further enhance peace in the region, especially in Afghanistan.

They also spoke about other issues and challenges gripping the Central Asian country, where Durrani in his part agreed with Abdollahian and reiterated Pakistan’s strong resolve to help bring peace and stability in Afghanistan.

The meeting comes as Taliban fought with both

The meeting came when the Taliban fought with both the countries. On May 27, the border guards of Iran and Afghanistan exchanged gunfire on the bordering areas in which two Iranian forces and one Taliban soldier were killed. The fighting erupted with tension between the neighbors over water rights. At the same time, both sides accused each other of firing first.

Iran border officials said that a border outpost in southeastern Iran had come under heavy attack by the Taliban, in which the Iranian sides responded, prompting heavy clashes.

Iran accused Taliban forces of initiating the attack in contravention of international law and principles of good neighborliness.

However, the Taliban accused Iran border guards of firing first. A Taliban spokesman for the ministry of interior said that Iranian border forces fired toward Afghanistan, which was met with a counter-reaction. However, the situation was immediately brought under control and the forces of both sides ceased firing, and the Taliban spokesman said that Afghanistan doesn’t want to fight with its neighbors.

Afghanistan and Pakistan border closed

The meeting of the Pakistani envoy with Iranian officials to discuss Afghanistan, came at a time when the border remained close between the two neighbors.

Officials from both sides have blamed trade over the closure of the key border, and the Taliban has strongly reacted to the statement issued by the Pakistan foreign ministry over closure of the Torkham border crossing. Torkham gate is considered as one of the most important points of transit for travelers and goods between Pakistan and Afghanistan.

Trucks loaded with supplies to leave for Afghanistan are seen stranded at Michni post, after the main Pakistan-Afghan border crossing closed after clashes in Torkham on September 7, 2023 [Reuters]

It has been for six days that the border is closed where hundreds of trucks carrying essential goods have since been stranded on both sides.

Pakistan foreign ministry accused the Taliban for building unlawful structures and indiscriminate and unprovoked firing.

“Pakistan cannot accept the construction of any structures by the Interim Afghan Government inside its territory since these violate its sovereignty. On the 6th of September, instead of a peaceful resolution, Afghan troops resorted to indiscriminate firing, targeting Pakistan military posts, damaging the infrastructure at the Torkham Border Terminal, and putting the lives of both Pakistani and Afghan civilians at risk, when they were stopped from erecting such unlawful structures,” the statement read.

Pakistan wishes peace and amity between Kabul and Islamabad

Pakistan said that such unprovoked and indiscriminate firing on Pakistani border posts cannot be justified under any circumstances. “The unprovoked firing by Afghan border security forces invariably emboldens the terrorist elements. These elements are enjoying sanctuaries inside Afghanistan as confirmed by the UN Security Council’s Analytical Support and Sanctions Monitoring Team in its latest report,” it added.

However, Pakistan said it always wishes the border with Afghanistan to be a border of peace and amity between the two countries. “We have welcomed our Afghan brothers and sisters with open arms for decades. Pakistan has continued to exercise restraint and prioritize dialogue in the face of persistent unwarranted provocations by Afghan troops deployed along the Pakistan-Afghanistan Border. Temporary closures take place only in extreme cases such as the 6th September 2023 incident on the border or when Afghan soil is used to launch terror attacks inside Pakistan.”

Still there is chance to resolve all bilateral matters peacefully

However, there is still a chance for the both sides to resolve all bilateral issues and concerns through constructive dialogue so that both countries can reap the dividends of economic connectivity and resultant prosperity.

The Taliban, who had previously ruled Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001, once again took power in August 2021 after chaotic withdrawal from Afghanistan that resulted in the collapse of the republic system the US supported for 20 years.

However, the US had immediately seized the Afghan assets and cut off Afghanistan’s access to international aid. The banking system also stopped functioning due to pressure by the US. Both the International Monetary Fund and World Bank have joined the US, triggering millions of Afghans into poverty and causing the world’s worst humanitarian crisis in Afghanistan.

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Syria will not follow Afghanistan’s Taliban model of governance

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In an astonishing statement, Ahmed Shará, also known as Abu Mohamad Jolani, the leader of the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) said that he will allow the girls to go to schools and will not turn Syria like Afghanistan under the rule of the Taliban.

Jolani, the de facto ruler of Syria, said that he will distance himself from the Taliban’s strict policies on women’s rights, and said that Syria will not follow the Taliban’s mode of governance.  

Jolani, who brought down the government of Bashar al-Assad and also widely welcomed by the Taliban, said that he believes in the education of women and girls and will not make Syria like Afghanistan.

“Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal. The Afghan model cannot be applied here,” Jolani told a BBC reporter.

Jolani says that Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal.

Jolani’s comment came when the Taliban congratulated the HTS-led victory by Jolani over Assad’s regime after years of fighting. The Afghan Foreign Ministry celebrated Jolani’s victory through a statement and hoped Jolani can bring peace and stability in the country.

“It is hoped that the power transition process is advanced in a manner that lays the foundation of a sovereign and serve-oriented Islamic government in the line with the aspiration of the Syrian people; that unifies the entire population without discrimination and retribution through adoption of a general assembly; and a positive foreign policy with world countries the safeguard Syria from a threat of negative rivalries of foreign actors and creates conditions for the return of millions of refugees,” the statement by Taliban Foreign Ministry.

However, Jolan’s position on the rights of women and girls is in great contrast with the current view of the Taliban leadership. Women and girls have been banned from education and work since the return of the Taliban in August 2021, following the collapse of the Republic System and withdrawal of the US troops from Afghanistan. Girls and women are even banned from medical institutions and visiting public spaces.

Jolani says he has a plan to create a government based institution and a council chosen by the people. 

The situation got worse when the Taliban’s Ministry for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice called women’s voices “immodest” compounding their exclusion from public life. This year, it has been marked as three years since girls were banned from pursuing education over sixth grade. Besides that, on December 20, 2022, the Taliban’s Ministry of Higher Education announced that women would be barred from attending public and private universities.    

In an interview with CNN, Jolani said that he has a plan to create a government based on institutions and a “council chosen by the people.”

“When we talk about objectives, the goal of the revolution remains the overthrow of this regime. It is our right to use all available means to achieve that goal,” said Jolani.

“The seeds of the regime’s defeat have always been within it… the Iranians attempted to revive the regime, buying it time, and later the Russians also tried to prop it up. But the truth remains: this regime is dead.”

Moreover, he also said the Syrian people are the “rightful owners” of the country after the ouster of Assad, and declared a “new history” has been written for the entire Middle East.

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Yoon summoned again for questioning on treason charges

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A joint law enforcement team investigating South Korea’s martial law case announced on Friday that it has issued a second summons to ousted President Yoon Suk Yeol, requesting his presence for questioning next week. The inquiry concerns his alleged involvement in the failed implementation of martial law.

The team has scheduled the questioning for 10:00 a.m. next Wednesday at the Corruption Investigation Office for Senior Officials (CIO) headquarters in Gwacheon, located just south of Seoul. This marks the second summons after Yoon refused to cooperate with the initial notice earlier this week.

The decision to hold the questioning on a public holiday appears to be a strategic move by the CIO, likely aimed at addressing security concerns. The office confirmed that the summonses were delivered via express mail and electronically to both Yoon’s residence and the presidential office in Yongsan. Notably, after Yoon’s team refused to accept the first subpoena, the CIO opted against delivering the documents in person for this round.

The investigation focuses on Yoon’s role in the December 3 martial law declaration, which he revoked following a vote in the National Assembly. If Yoon continues to disregard the summons without valid justification, the CIO may seek a court order to detain him for up to 48 hours.

Yoon faces allegations of sedition and abuse of office, charges that have gained traction since his dismissal by parliament last Saturday. His suspension from office remains in effect pending a decision by the Constitutional Court, which will determine whether he is permanently removed or reinstated.

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Xi Jinping champions economic diversification during Macau visit

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During a three-day visit to Macau commemorating the 25th anniversary of its return to Chinese sovereignty from Portugal, President Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of economic diversification and maintaining the “one country, two systems” framework.

Speaking at the swearing-in ceremony for Macau’s new Chief Executive Officer, Sam Hou-fai, Xi urged the administration to make economic diversification the city’s primary focus. Sam, the fourth leader since the 1999 handover and the first mainland-born Chinese official to hold the position, is expected to align closely with Beijing’s objectives to reduce Macau’s reliance on gambling. The gambling industry, which accounts for approximately 80% of Macau’s tax revenue, has been the cornerstone of its rapid economic growth in recent years.

“Macau should prioritize proper economic diversification,” Xi stated, calling for enhanced policy support and investment in emerging sectors. He also reiterated the significance of the “one country, two systems” principle, stressing its role in ensuring the city’s “prosperity and stability” for the long term.

Xi’s visit included stops at the Macau University of Science and Technology, where he explored laboratories focusing on traditional Chinese medicine and planetary science. He also attended a cultural performance at the Macau Dome and met with local stakeholders, according to Chinese state media. His trip marked a shift in tone, with Anthony Lawrence, founder of Intelligence Macau, noting that it was the first time Xi publicly praised Macau for its progress rather than delivering critiques or instructions.

Since the liberalization of Macau’s gaming monopoly in 2002, the city has attracted significant foreign investment, including from prominent US casino operators such as Las Vegas Sands, MGM, and Wynn Resorts. However, the economy struggled during the COVID-19 pandemic due to travel restrictions, and recovery has only recently begun.

On Friday, Macau’s casinos were bustling with visitors, while non-gaming initiatives like a stamp exhibition co-organized by MGM China and Beijing’s Palace Museum showcased the city’s efforts to diversify its offerings.

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