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From Afghanistan to Iran — humiliation and rejection

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I never thought that one day I would have to leave my motherland. Becoming an immigrant was something that I never thought of. However, the time has come that I was forced to migrate to another country and it was the repeat of history in the 1999s.

Reyhan Hossein, who had his first cry and smile in the neighboring country (Iran), said she was four years old when her parents decided to return back to Afghanistan in the hope of a better future after the formation of the Republic government in 2002 under the then president Hamid Karzai. We were very happy to return back to our country and get rid of displacement and migration, Reyhan said. She said that she couldn’t explain the joy of their family at that time.

“When I was growing up by passing each day, I was happily stretched out my hand towards my native land and with long and firm steps I made my way to a land where green and eye-pleasing meadows, the wounded body of Salsal and Shamama, the tall mountains of Pamir and its Hindukush, Amu and Hari Road.

This “Salsal and Shamama” is the story of an old man and old woman who spent their whole lives to achieve peace and freedom, but their dreams remained a wish.

The people in the past buried this dream and we rotted in hope while we were alive. “My parents returned to their homeland hoping to create a better future for their children in their own country and to get rid of the deprivation they faced during immigrating. But now we’re back on the square,” she added.

Going to university with enthusiasm

Reyhan’s father bought a house in Zaman Khan Castle so that his children could study. “I went to school there, passed the entrance exam with enthusiasm and was successful in areas of philosophy and sociology at Kabul University. My happiness is indescribable as I was reaching my dreams gradually,” she added.

For her, the beginning of university was mostly a period of familiarization with courses, university environment, professors and many other things.

She said that when she entered the lessons seriously, they faced the peak of COVID-19 and only went to university on exam days. By passing COVID, she said that she was in the third year of university when the news of the fall of some provinces emerged in the media.

However, during conversation with her classmates, she said that the Taliban can’t take over Balkh province and Kabul, the capital city. However, the next day, the Taliban took control of Kabul.

The president (Ashraf Ghani) simply ran away and Kabul surrendered without a single bullet being fired, which is a good thing at least no more “blood” was perished.

“The first night, the first week, the first month and the first year, we were always waiting for something new. Some changes appeared, including that no more girls were allowed to attend universities,” she lamented. Schools for girls also closed, and the women were barred from going to workplaces and public parks. “Among them, me and my sisters were also deprived of education,” she lamented.

After the ban on education, she said that she spent the last days with difficulty and saw that there was no more space and opportunity left for her in the country except to get married and become a housewife. “This was not my target, but to escape the calamity, I came to Iran with plenty of sadness,” she lamented.

Leaving Afghanistan was not easy

“When we passed the gate of Islam Qala toward Iran, I looked back for the last time, I saw nothing but cars waiting in line to cross the border as women, men and children were coming towards Iran,” according to her.

She furthered, “The weight of homelessness is on my heart and I still dream of returning to my country Afghanistan.When I wake up, I see that I am in Iran, my heart starts to bleed and can’t control myself and starts crying.”

After a few days, she went to find a job. “I went to see two jobs and because I spoke Farsi with a Kabuli accent, they did not hire me until my aunt found me a job in a show making company.”

This is not a good job at all, she said, adding that no Iranians were working there. “I was with my aunt and I was not allowed to talk. She was talking to them and I would just keep quiet so they wouldn’t know I was new, otherwise they might not have hired me.”

Facing discrimination in Iran

She doesn’t want to take a risk by speaking out. “I had to find a job as soon as possible. I needed money. To start a life from zero, in a new city, money is key to pay the home rent, pay electricity, water, and gas bills as well as food to survive.”

She went for a three day test work so that the owner of the company could see her work. “Our job was a shoe brand with machines. For a girl who had never worked in her life, on the first day every hour passed like several days. Maybe those eight hours ended like twenty-four hours.”

Some Iranians behaved very well while some others were crucial.

“For instance, I went to a supermarket, a man said they don’t  sell anything to Afghans, and I went several times out of ignorance, and he just said they didn’t have anything.”

she  experienced this in many other markets, and said she never went again to these shops that are not selling to the Afghans.

There are millions of Afghans living in Iran, and recently Iran departed hundreds of them.

ASIA

Syria will not follow Afghanistan’s Taliban model of governance

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In an astonishing statement, Ahmed Shará, also known as Abu Mohamad Jolani, the leader of the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) said that he will allow the girls to go to schools and will not turn Syria like Afghanistan under the rule of the Taliban.

Jolani, the de facto ruler of Syria, said that he will distance himself from the Taliban’s strict policies on women’s rights, and said that Syria will not follow the Taliban’s mode of governance.  

Jolani, who brought down the government of Bashar al-Assad and also widely welcomed by the Taliban, said that he believes in the education of women and girls and will not make Syria like Afghanistan.

“Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal. The Afghan model cannot be applied here,” Jolani told a BBC reporter.

Jolani says that Syria is a diverse society with various ideas, unlike Afghanistan, which is more tribal.

Jolani’s comment came when the Taliban congratulated the HTS-led victory by Jolani over Assad’s regime after years of fighting. The Afghan Foreign Ministry celebrated Jolani’s victory through a statement and hoped Jolani can bring peace and stability in the country.

“It is hoped that the power transition process is advanced in a manner that lays the foundation of a sovereign and serve-oriented Islamic government in the line with the aspiration of the Syrian people; that unifies the entire population without discrimination and retribution through adoption of a general assembly; and a positive foreign policy with world countries the safeguard Syria from a threat of negative rivalries of foreign actors and creates conditions for the return of millions of refugees,” the statement by Taliban Foreign Ministry.

However, Jolan’s position on the rights of women and girls is in great contrast with the current view of the Taliban leadership. Women and girls have been banned from education and work since the return of the Taliban in August 2021, following the collapse of the Republic System and withdrawal of the US troops from Afghanistan. Girls and women are even banned from medical institutions and visiting public spaces.

Jolani says he has a plan to create a government based institution and a council chosen by the people. 

The situation got worse when the Taliban’s Ministry for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice called women’s voices “immodest” compounding their exclusion from public life. This year, it has been marked as three years since girls were banned from pursuing education over sixth grade. Besides that, on December 20, 2022, the Taliban’s Ministry of Higher Education announced that women would be barred from attending public and private universities.    

In an interview with CNN, Jolani said that he has a plan to create a government based on institutions and a “council chosen by the people.”

“When we talk about objectives, the goal of the revolution remains the overthrow of this regime. It is our right to use all available means to achieve that goal,” said Jolani.

“The seeds of the regime’s defeat have always been within it… the Iranians attempted to revive the regime, buying it time, and later the Russians also tried to prop it up. But the truth remains: this regime is dead.”

Moreover, he also said the Syrian people are the “rightful owners” of the country after the ouster of Assad, and declared a “new history” has been written for the entire Middle East.

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ASIA

Yoon summoned again for questioning on treason charges

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A joint law enforcement team investigating South Korea’s martial law case announced on Friday that it has issued a second summons to ousted President Yoon Suk Yeol, requesting his presence for questioning next week. The inquiry concerns his alleged involvement in the failed implementation of martial law.

The team has scheduled the questioning for 10:00 a.m. next Wednesday at the Corruption Investigation Office for Senior Officials (CIO) headquarters in Gwacheon, located just south of Seoul. This marks the second summons after Yoon refused to cooperate with the initial notice earlier this week.

The decision to hold the questioning on a public holiday appears to be a strategic move by the CIO, likely aimed at addressing security concerns. The office confirmed that the summonses were delivered via express mail and electronically to both Yoon’s residence and the presidential office in Yongsan. Notably, after Yoon’s team refused to accept the first subpoena, the CIO opted against delivering the documents in person for this round.

The investigation focuses on Yoon’s role in the December 3 martial law declaration, which he revoked following a vote in the National Assembly. If Yoon continues to disregard the summons without valid justification, the CIO may seek a court order to detain him for up to 48 hours.

Yoon faces allegations of sedition and abuse of office, charges that have gained traction since his dismissal by parliament last Saturday. His suspension from office remains in effect pending a decision by the Constitutional Court, which will determine whether he is permanently removed or reinstated.

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ASIA

Xi Jinping champions economic diversification during Macau visit

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During a three-day visit to Macau commemorating the 25th anniversary of its return to Chinese sovereignty from Portugal, President Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of economic diversification and maintaining the “one country, two systems” framework.

Speaking at the swearing-in ceremony for Macau’s new Chief Executive Officer, Sam Hou-fai, Xi urged the administration to make economic diversification the city’s primary focus. Sam, the fourth leader since the 1999 handover and the first mainland-born Chinese official to hold the position, is expected to align closely with Beijing’s objectives to reduce Macau’s reliance on gambling. The gambling industry, which accounts for approximately 80% of Macau’s tax revenue, has been the cornerstone of its rapid economic growth in recent years.

“Macau should prioritize proper economic diversification,” Xi stated, calling for enhanced policy support and investment in emerging sectors. He also reiterated the significance of the “one country, two systems” principle, stressing its role in ensuring the city’s “prosperity and stability” for the long term.

Xi’s visit included stops at the Macau University of Science and Technology, where he explored laboratories focusing on traditional Chinese medicine and planetary science. He also attended a cultural performance at the Macau Dome and met with local stakeholders, according to Chinese state media. His trip marked a shift in tone, with Anthony Lawrence, founder of Intelligence Macau, noting that it was the first time Xi publicly praised Macau for its progress rather than delivering critiques or instructions.

Since the liberalization of Macau’s gaming monopoly in 2002, the city has attracted significant foreign investment, including from prominent US casino operators such as Las Vegas Sands, MGM, and Wynn Resorts. However, the economy struggled during the COVID-19 pandemic due to travel restrictions, and recovery has only recently begun.

On Friday, Macau’s casinos were bustling with visitors, while non-gaming initiatives like a stamp exhibition co-organized by MGM China and Beijing’s Palace Museum showcased the city’s efforts to diversify its offerings.

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